Resource Discovery in Non-Structured Peer to Peer Grid Systems Using the Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm

In Peer to Peer (P2P) grid systems, users can utilize the resources of other machines for their tasks without involving themselves in the detailed aspects of addressing. One of the greatest challenges for these systems is finding the resource that matches the user’s request to minimize query traffic in the network. Thus, inspired by the Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm (SFLA), this article presents a new method for resource discovery in grid systems. This algorithm finds the resource that matches the user’s request via sending requests to the most suitable neighbors, thus preventing the flooding of requests and reducing traffic. The evaluation and comparison of the proposed method with the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Differential Evolution Algorithm (DEA) indicate that it yields higher performance considering the speed and number of sent queries in the network

A method based on fuzzy system for assessing the reliability of software based aspects

In fact, reliability as the qualities metric is the probability success or the probability that a system or a set of tasks will work without failure for a specified constraints of time and space, as specified in the design and operating conditions specified temperature, humidity, vibration and action. A relatively new methodologies for developing complex software systems engineering is an aspect oriented software systems, that provides the new methods for the separation of concerns multiple module configuration or intervention and automatic integration them with a system. In this paper, a method using fuzzy logic to measure software reliability based on the above aspects is presented. The proposed approach regarding the use of appropriate metrics and low errors in the estimation of reliability has a better performance than other methods

Scrutinizing the expression and blockade of inhibitory molecules expressed on T cells from acute myeloid leukemia patients

T cell exhaustion is an immunosuppressive mechanism which occurs in chronic viral infections, solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Exhausted T cell has increased the expression of inhibitory receptors, and functional impairment. In this study, we investigated the expression from some of those inhibitory receptors being Programmed death 1 (PD-1), T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing molecules 3 (TIM-3) and CD244 on T cells from Iranian acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Peripheral blood samples were collected from Iranian newly diagnosed AML patients and flow cytometric analysis was accomplished for cell surface expression of PD-1, TIM-3, and CD244 on T lymphocytes. Functionality and proliferation assay were done in the presence of anti-PD-1 and anti-CD244 blocking antibodies. Immunophenotyping of T cells showed a significant increase of PD-1 and CD244 expression on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of AML patients. Whereas blockade of PD-1 and CD244 increased the proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes of AML patients but IFN-ã production was not significantly increased. In conclusion, our data indicate that CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from AML patients appeared to be exhausted and blockade of some immune checkpoints can improve the proliferation of those cells. © June 2018, Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. All rights reserved

Sars-cov-2 and covid-19, basic and clinical aspects of the human pandemic: A review

In the last two decades, we have witnessed three major epidemics of the coronavirus human disease namely, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome, and more recently an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Iran, a country of nearly 84 million, in the Middle East, severely in-volved with the COVID-19 disease. A documented multidimensional approach to COVID-19 disease is therefore man-datory to provide a well-balanced platform for the concerned medical community in our county and beyond. In this review, we highlight the disease status in Iran and attempt to provide a multilateral view of the fundamental and clinical aspects of the disease including the clinical features of the confirmed cases, virology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, and laboratory methods needed for diagnosis

Scrutinizing the expression and blockade of inhibitory molecules expressed on T cells from acute myeloid leukemia patients

T cell exhaustion is an immunosuppressive mechanism which occurs in chronic viral infections, solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Exhausted T cell has increased the expression of inhibitory receptors, and functional impairment. In this study, we investigated the expression from some of those inhibitory receptors being Programmed death 1 (PD-1), T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing molecules 3 (TIM-3) and CD244 on T cells from Iranian acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Peripheral blood samples were collected from Iranian newly diagnosed AML patients and flow cytometric analysis was accomplished for cell surface expression of PD-1, TIM-3, and CD244 on T lymphocytes. Functionality and proliferation assay were done in the presence of anti-PD-1 and anti-CD244 blocking antibodies. Immunophenotyping of T cells showed a significant increase of PD-1 and CD244 expression on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of AML patients. Whereas blockade of PD-1 and CD244 increased the proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes of AML patients but IFN-ã production was not significantly increased. In conclusion, our data indicate that CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from AML patients appeared to be exhausted and blockade of some immune checkpoints can improve the proliferation of those cells. © June 2018, Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. All rights reserved

A study on the prevalence of rotavirus infection among the HIV-positive patients with gastroenteritis

Background: Gastroenteritis is one of the most common symptoms in AIDS patients. Although gastroenteritis in these patients is caused by several factors, the role of viral agents, especially rotavirus, is still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of rotavirus infection among the HIV-positive cases. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 75 fecal samples were collected from HIV-positive patients with gastroenteritis referred to Imam Khomeini hospital. After viral RNA extraction, the sixth conserved segment of the virus genome (VP6) was amplified using RT-PCR method. Finally, the products were detected on 1.5 agarose gel electrophoresis and confirmed by sequencing. Results: RT-PCR products with the expected size (433bp) were obtained for all rotavirus- positive as well as the wild-type standard viral isolates. Among the samples taken from 75 HIV-positive cases, 19 (25.3) were rotavirus-positive and confirmed using direct sequencing. Conclusion: Although in this study the anticipated prevalence of rotavirus among the HIV-positive cases is about 25, further studies are required to characterize the genotype of rotavirus in HIV- positive cases with gastroenteritis

SARS-Cov-2 and COVID-19, Basic and Clinical Aspects of the Human Pandemic: A Review

In the last two decades, we have witnessed three major epidemics of the coronavirus human disease namely, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome, and more recently an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Iran, a country of nearly 84 million, in the Middle East, severely involved with the COVID-19 disease. A documented multidimensional approach to COVID-19 disease is therefore mandatory to provide a well-balanced platform for the concerned medical community in our county and beyond. In this review, we highlight the disease status in Iran and attempt to provide a multilateral view of the fundamental and clinical aspects of the disease including the clinical features of the confirmed cases, virology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, and laboratory methods needed for diagnosis