Language Contact with Crew of Rykyu\u27s Drifting Ships in the Qing Dynasty

The communication between Ryukyu・Okinawa and China has a long history. It has been said that the history has begun even at Ming Dynasty Ryukyu Dynasty were canonized by Chinese king even after Satsuma clan (now Kagoshima Prefecture)\u27s invasion in the beginning of 17 century. The tributary relations between Ryukyu and China had last for 5 centuries until Ryukyu became Okinawa Prefecture by Meiji Japanese government in 1872. The relationship between China and Ryukyu basic were tributary relations. However, the main transportation mean in Ryukyu were by ship，and lots of ship encountered typhoon, lost control of their ship，and finally were drifted to China continent. You can refer to these historical documentation in the book「Selected documentation of China-Ryukyurelations in Qing Dynasty」which was public by China First Historical Archives. Lots of ship-drift cases are written in this book from Qianlong era to Guangxu era of Qing Dynasty. Various forms of transportation can be found form those cases. This paper will not focus on tributary ships from Ryukyu, but on the part of rescue and aid from Qing government to those who were drifted from Ryukyu．文部科学省グローバルCOEプログラム 関西大学文化交渉学教育研究拠点東アジアの歴史と動

Terms and their functiions in the works by Isaac Asimov: (By the example of the novel collection "i, robot")

In the situation of the continuously developing and changeable world the science fiction that gained widespread appreciation in the 20th century gains new meanings and the authors attract more and more attention. Isaac Asimov is one of the most prominent representatives of this genre. His novels are distinguished by the stories representing the concepts of robototronics and social-philosophical future and the language of his works features specific terminology. The paper represents the specifics of terminology and its structural-linguistic, semantic and functional features within the determining context. The units being considered feature topical variety: Isaac Asimov uses the terms of robototronics, cosmology, physics, chemistry. The authors of the paper describe terms as specific literary elements of fantastic works. Appearing in the unusual context of a literary work the terminological units fulfill stylistic functions creating the unique images, atmosphere of events, being seamlessly intertwined with the narrative text. The study of the specifics of the term use in the literary texts is of interest from the perspective of the set of philological areas: terminology studies, stylistics, and literary studies. Interpretation of such kind makes contribution to identification of the author's word and phrase usage, supplements the academic idea of the individual style of a writer

Motivational peculiarities of schoolteachers in Russia

The objective of this research is to study the subject matter and the structure of motivation of Russian teachers at schools of Kazan (Russia). Collection of information was arranged using the "Diagnostics of Partial Orientation of a Teacher's Personality" guideline, the Motivation for Success and the Fear of Failure poll by A.A. Rean, the "Diagnostics of Polymotivational Trends in the 'Self-Concept' of Personality" guideline by S.M. Petrov. The ascertaining experiment resulted in estimation and comparison of educators depending on their primary orientation. The motivational orientation as well as motivational preferences of schoolteacher of Kazan (Russia) were studied. Besides, the problem areas in the work of teachers were revealed and further path of professional development of teachers was singled out. The results of the research can be used for rendering psychological aid to teachers, for certification of teachers, and for recruitment

Helping adolescents with health problems to become socially competent

© Author(s).The purpose of the article is to present and analyze the results of experimental work to verify the efficiency of the developed and approved program aimed at the formation of social competence in adolescents with physical problems. The leading method in the study of this problem is a consequent version of the pedagogical experiment. The results of this experimental work approved the consistency of the proposed program “I'm in the world of people” to improve the overall indicator level of social competence in adolescents with physical illness and its components, such as cognitive, value- meaningful, activity-based and communicative. The developed program includes content, a variety of forms and methods of pedagogical interaction with teenage pupils with physical problems. The paper identified the differences in systemically important components of social competence of adolescents with poor health at the ascertaining and control stages of the experiment, determined specific nature of socialization and social networking features of the sample participants. The program developed for the formation of social competence in adolescents can be used in the practice of special institutions for children with physical illnesses, as well as recommended for the comprehensive school, contributing to the expansion of the arsenal of tools used for the formation of social competence in adolescents

The development of teenagers’ responsible and creative attitude to learning activity

© 2016 Drozdikova-Zaripova and Kalatskaya.Social reality in education of present day youth capable to think independently and creatively, to implement their plans, to aware and be responsible for the results of their activity provides the relevance of the paper. The objective of the research is to verify experimentally psychology-pedagogical conditions aimed to develop teenagers’ responsible and creative attitude to learning activity. Pedagogical experiment in a parallel variant is applied as the leading method in the research of this problem. 60 teenagers (aged between 12-13 years) studying at comprehensive schools of the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia) took part in the empirical research. The complex of diagnostic techniques to identify cognitive-informative, emotional-motivational and effective-volitional components of teenagers’ responsible and creative attitude to learning activity is used in the work. The paper suggests results of experimental work testifying to the efficiency of psychology-pedagogical conditions aimed to develop teenagers’ responsible and creative attitude to learning activity. The following conditions are treated as necessary in training and educational process: introduction of a set of programs aimed to form learners’ ideas of responsibility and creativity, to develop motives of duty and responsibility within the frames of academic subjects, motives of creative self-expression and their interrelation, formation of an adequate self-assessment, and emotional, volitional and communicative qualities of the personality necessary for implementation of successful creative and social-responsible activity; initiation of school students’ creative and responsible attitude through their independent educational creative activity; encouragement of teenagers to use their competences in school educational environment (including extra-curricular time, e.g. work with underachievers, patronage of primary school children, etc.). Statistical processing of empirical research data was carried out by means of standard methods of mathematical statistics (Student t-criterion, methods of correlation data analysis). Materials from the paper are of practical value for teachers and psychologists of educational institutions

Regularities of Changes in Structure and Texture of Low Modulus Alloy Zr-25Nb at Cold Rolling of Monocrystals with Different Orientations

The paper presents the results of studying the regularities of formation of the rolling texture in single crystals of Zr-25%Nb alloy, with different initial orientation relative to the external principal directions in the sheet: normal (ND) and rolling direction (RD). Varying the initial orientation of the single crystal made it possible to reveal stable orientations, among which are textural components {001} <100>, {001} <110>, {111} <110> and {111} <112>. For orientation <111> of single crystal, in the matrix of a quasi-single crystal it was possible to detect a finely dispersed ω-phase, which causes the appearance of an extended halo in the diffraction spectrum. The presence o

Ways to help the child cope with anxiety?

© 2016 Kalatskaya and Drozdikova-Zaripova.The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the fact that the number of children experiencing restlessness, uncertainty and emotional instability is increasing; such children are considered anxious. Therefore the relevance of issues covered in the paper is apparent. The paper provides experimental data to confirm the necessity to prevent and correct school anxiety in primary school children. The purpose of the research was to study anxiety in primary school children and render correctional and preventive help at an early stage of school training in due time. Results were collected before and after the developing program was realized. Batteries of tests were applied for diagnostics. According to the goal of the research the following methods were used: theoretical (analysis, comparison, generalization); empirical (pedagogical experiment, testing). By means of the developing program we could help children to overcome increased restlessness, uncertainty and emotional instability. Reliability of obtained results is statistically proved. Materials from the article are of practical value for psychologists in the sphere of education, high school teachers and teachers working with anxious children and their parents

Prevention of student youth’s victim behavior

© 2015, Review of European Studies. All right reserved. New times put forward new tasks for teachers, psychologists, social workers. Prevention of student youth’s victim behavior is determined by social and practical importance of society democratization and humanization; by the necessity to develop physically and spiritually healthy, actively creating and socially adapted personality, by the increased demand for victimologic prevention and correction. The article substantiates the essence and motives of student youth’s victim behavior; it also reveals specific characteristics of student age: emotional immaturity, insufficient ability to control own behavior and other factors that increase the risk of becoming “a victim” due to adverse conditions of socialization. The research has resulted in defining pedagogical conditions aimed to prevent victim behavior: diagnostics to identify victim behavior among students; development and introduction of comprehensive prevention program “Life out of danger!”. The conducted research allowed to draw a conclusion that the approved program due to included various forms and methods offers an effective way to prevent student youth’s victim behavior

The research of educational motivation of working and nonworking Russian students

© 2015 by the authors. The modern society has established high standards for the system of higher education responsible for the training of highly qualified, competitive specialists. The improvement of the educational process in a higher educational institution, the formation of students’ vocational competence is possible through the realization of students’ educational activity the important component of which is motivation. Such issues as levels of educational motivation, hierarchy and dynamics of educational motives in the course of mastering a profession peculiar to Russian working and nonworking full-time students seeking a bachelor’s degree in the sphere of psychology and pedagogics have been studied in the article. There have been revealed systemic motives in the structure of educational motivation of working and nonworking students at each year of studies. There have been defined problem areas of students’ educational activity, and there have been designated tendencies for further development of students’ educational motivation. The following techniques have been applied as psycho diagnostic tools: “Definition of students’ motivation for studies”, “Diagnostics of students’ educational motivation”. New opportunities for psychological and pedagogical approaches to solve the issues of students’ educational cognitive activity optimization, extra curricular activity within the frames of higher educational institution and outside have been revealed due to the of research of the structure and specificity of educational motivation of students seeking a bachelor’s degree with their secondary employment in view

Effect of NO Synthase Blockade on Myocardial Contractility of Hypokinetic Rats during Stimulation of β-Adrenoreceptors

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.Stimulation of β-adrenoreceptors with low (10–8 and 10–7 M) or high (10–6 M) doses of isoproterenol in hypokinetic rats treated with L-NAME (a non-selective blocker of NO synthases) decreased or increased myocardial contractility, respectively. In control rats, all examined doses of isoproterenol used under blockade of NO synthases inhibited myocardial contractility