Ancient glass alteration and advancement in active conservation strategies

Glass finds application in multiple domains, from the technological field to the artistic one. The study of its durability is central to determining its potential as a recyclable and sustainable material capable of replacing several dangerous and polluting constituents such as plastics, particularly in the upcoming era of circular economy. Because of the thermodynamic properties of this material and its high variety of compositions, the evaluation of glass durability and alteration mechanisms remains a challenge. In this work we propose a complete strategy to approach the problem of glass corrosion and stabilization. Combining the results of the macroscopic characterization of archaeological glass samples and artificially aged mock-ups, we define a novel silica-based formulation for the consolidation and protection of ancient glass

What Our 6-Year Research about Travel Across Borders for Abortion Care Tells Us: It’s Not a Solution

The US Supreme Court’s Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization decision reversing the right to abortion is devastating for women and pregnant people, and alarming for scholars and activists who research reproductive rights and justice. We are cultural and medical anthropologists and, since 2016, we have been conducting extensive interdisciplinary research in Europe, funded by the European Research Council (ERC), exploring the experiences of hundreds of women who traveled across national and international borders to seek abortions. We urge cultural, medical, and public anthropologists to expand research about how women and pregnant people experience the new reality of abortion access in the United States, and to translate such research into information that is usable by policymakers and advocacy organizations

A review of glass corrosion: the unique contribution of studying ancient glass to validate glass alteration models

Glass has been used in widespread applications within several sectors since ancient times and it has been systematically studied under different perspectives. However, its thermodynamic properties and the variety of its compositions, several aspects related to its durability and its alteration mechanisms remain still open to debate. This literature review presents an overview of the most relevant studies on glass corrosion and the interaction between glass and the environment. The review aims to achieve two objectives. On one hand, it aims to highlight how far research on glass corrosion has come by studying model systems created in the laboratory to simulate different alteration conditions and glass compositions. On the other, it seeks to point out what are the critical aspects that still need to be investigated and how the study of ancient, altered glass can add to the results obtained in laboratory models. The review intends also to demonstrate how advanced analytical techniques commonly used to study modern and technical glass can be applied to investigate corrosion marks on ancient samples

"The first difficulty is time": The impact of gestational age limits on reproductive health and justice in the context of cross-border travel for abortion care in Europe

Drawing on qualitative and quantitative data collected during a 5-year multi-disciplinary European research project, in this article we show how restrictions on access to legal abortion, and particularly gestational age (GA) limits at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy, negatively affect women and pregnant people living in European countries where abortion is legal on request or on broad grounds. First, we examine why most Eu-ropean legislations establish GA limits, and illustrate how abortion is framed in national laws and in the current national and international legal and political debates on abortion rights. We then show, based on research data we collected during our 5-year project and contextualized with existing data and statistics, how these restrictions force thousands of people to travel across borders from European countries where abortion is legal, delaying access to care, and increasing pregnant people's health risks. Finally, we explore, from an anthropological perspective, how pregnant people who travel across borders for abortion care conceptualize abortion access, and the relationship between the right to abortion care and the GA restrictions that limit this right. Our study par-ticipants criticize the time restrictions established by the laws in their countries of residence as failing to meet pregnant people's needs, highlight the crucial importance of easy, timely access to abortion care even beyond the first trimester of pregnancy, and suggest a more relational approach to the right to access safe, legal abortion. Abortion travel is also a matter of reproductive justice because access to care depends on specific resources including finances, information, support, citizenship status, and social networks. Our work contributes to scholarly and public debates about reproductive governance and justice, by shifting the locus of attention to GA limits and its impact on women and pregnant people, particularly in geopolotical settings where abortion laws are deemed liberal

Contratualização das relações afetivas : contrato de namoro e o posicionamento dos cartórios de Curitiba

Orientadora: Marília Pedroso XavierMonografia (graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Jurídicas, Curso de Graduação em DireitoInclui referênciasResumo: As relações familiares brasileiras passaram a acompanhar as mudanças globais que sugeriram novas e múltiplas configurações de entidades familiares, e suas variações. Nesta toada, o presente trabalho possui como objetivo a análise do contrato de namoro, novidade para a legislação brasileira, bem como discorrer sobre sua eficácia, validade e usabilidade. Para realizar a exposição proposta, o presente trabalho traça um paralelo entre o investigado contrato de namoro, o casamento civil e o instituto da união estável brasileira. Em um primeiro momento, analisa-se os traços históricos do casamento civil, a partir da sua tomada de autonomia perante o casamento religioso e suas consequências, perpassando ao surgimento da união estável e seus princípios garantidores, seguindo por um processo ideológico para compreender o surgimento do contrato de namoro e o aproveitamento que tal modalidade de negócio jurídico pode garantir para os novos modelos de relações amorosas e entidades familiares no Brasil. Ainda, foi realizada coleta de dados junto aos cartórios do município de Curitiba, capital do Paraná, para a realização de amostragem quanto à aderência e conhecimento desses à respeito do contrato de namoro. Por meio da análise aqui proposta, verifica-se a forte relação entre as transformações do modelo familiar tradicional, a validade, aplicabilidade e a inovação do que pode ser considerado como um importante instrumento de regulamentação do relacionamento afetivo denominado "namoro".Abstract: Brazilian family relationships began to follow global changes that suggested new and multiple configurations of family entities, and their variations. In this vein, the present work aims to analyze the dating contract, a novelty for Brazilian legislation, as well as to discuss its effectiveness, validity, and usability. To carry out the proposed exposition, the present work draws a parallel between the investigated dating contract, civil marriage, and the Brazilian stable union institute. In a first moment, the historical traces of civil marriage are analyzed, from its taking of autonomy in the face of religious marriage and its consequences, passing through the emergence of the stable union and its guaranteeing principles, following by an ideological process to understand the emergence of the dating contract and the use that this modality of legal business can guarantee for the new models of love relationships and family entities in Brazil. Also, data was collected from the registry offices in the city of Curitiba, capital of Paraná, to carry out sampling regarding their adherence and knowledge regarding the dating contract. Through the analysis proposed here, is it possible to verify the strong relationship between the transformations of the traditional family model, the validity, applicability, and innovation of what can be considered as an important instrument for regulating the affective relationship called "dating"

'To be vigilant to leave no trace': secrecy, invisibility and abortion travel from the Republic of Ireland

Until 2018, abortion in the Republic of Ireland was banned in almost all circumstances under one of the most restrictive legal regimes in Europe. The main solution for Irish women and pregnant people seeking abortion services had been to pursue care abroad, typically in clinics in England. In this paper we focus on the hardships of waiting for abortion care experienced by Irish residents leading up to their travel for appointments in England in 2017 and 2018. Based on in-depth interviews with 53 Irish women collected at three British Pregnancy Advisory Services (BPAS) clinics in England we analyse women's experiences as they navigated an 'environment of secrecy' in Ireland. This included making specific secrecy efforts when navigating travel arrangements, conversations, movement, health records, and the travel itself. Despite the expansion of abortion access in Ireland in 2018, the need to travel abroad continues for many women. We argue that the continued need for secrecy when women have to travel abroad for care perpetuates this important phenomenon's invisibility. This argument also applies to other countries where abortion access is restricted, and women are forced to travel for care. We also caution against the presumption that all Irish residents are able to travel internationally for healthcare

L’impatto della pandemia di Covid-19 sull’interruzione di gravidanza. L’aborto farmacologico in tre diverse realtà nazionali

During the Covid-19 pandemic medical abortion has been at the centre of a public debate about the possibility of continuing to grant abortion access in different coun- tries. Through a comparative analysis of the British, Brazilian and Italian national contexts, this paper will examine emergent claims by feminist pro-choice movements and scientific societies and the multiple policies and practices developed around this practice. Such an investigation will shed lights on the cultural, political and social com- ponents characterising the use of medical abortion before and during the pandemic and the emergent process of (de)medicalisation