Analisi dei meccanismi di incompatibilita' e di origine di Cocus sativus L.

Dottorato di ricerca in biologia cellulare e molecolare. 12. cicloConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Biblioteca Centrale - P.le Aldo Moro, 7, Rome; Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale - P.za Cavalleggeri, 1, Florence / CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle RichercheSIGLEITItal

Familias formadas a partir de técnicas de reproducción humana asistida heterólogas: Un aporte interdisciplinario

Families formed from human assisted reproduction heterologous techniques: an interdisciplinary contribution Abstract Assisted Reproduction Techniques (TRAs) can be homologous or heterologous. The difference between the two refers to whether the gametes participating in the process are their own or alien to the couple / parent.In this range of possibilities, the heterologous TRAs are used both to overcome infertility reproductive conditions and to accomplish everyone's right to form a family without distinguishing both their gender identity and their marital status.The present work is the result of an interdisciplinary research at Facultad de Psicología UNMDP- Department of Psychology of the National University in Mar del Plata-, and it describes the main characteristics of these techniques from the professionals' perspective within different disciplines when interacting with couples or people undergoing TRAs. The application of the complex TRAs emerges as a tool based on the social-cultural history that has shaped and still shapes our subjectivity conceptually, so that the analysis of the professionals' view may be useful for a proper interdisciplinary intervention-supportive approach for the families in question. Las Técnicas de Reproducción  Asistida (TRAs) pueden ser homólogas o heterólogas. La diferencia entre ambas refiere a si los gametos que participan en el proceso son propios o ajenos a la pareja/persona parental. En este abanico de posibilidades, las TRAs heterólogas se utilizan tanto para superar condiciones reproductivas de infertilidad, como para concretar el derecho de toda persona a formar una familia, sin distinguir su identidad de género y estado civil. El presente trabajo es producto de una investigación interdisciplinaria en el seno de la Facultad de Psicología de la UNMDP, en el que se realiza una descripción de las principales características que revisten estas técnicas desde la perspectiva de profesionales de diferentes disciplinas que interactúan con las parejas o personas que transitan por estas nuevas metodologías para formar sus familias. La aplicación de las TRAs complejas emerge como herramienta sobre la base de una historia sociocultural que ha formado y forma conceptualmente a nuestra subjetividad  y a nuestra sociedad, por lo que el análisis y estudio de la consideración que los profesionales hacen de estas técnicas y su aplicación, puede ser de utilidad para un correcto abordaje interdisciplinario de acompañamiento e intervención en las familias que las atraviesan

Development of Resistance to the Atypical Retinoid, ST1926, in the Lung Carcinoma Cell Line H460 Is Associated with Reduced Formation of DNA Strand Breaks and a Defective DNA Damage Response

Atypical retinoids are potent inducers of apoptosis, but activation of the apoptotic pathway seems to be independent of retinoid receptors. Previous studies with a novel adamantyl retinoid, ST1926, have shown that apoptosis induction is associated with an early genotoxic stress. To better understand the relevance of these events, we have selected a subline of the H460 lung carcinoma cell line resistant to ST1926. Resistant cells exhibited cross-resistance to a related molecule, CD437, but not cross-resistance to agents with different mechanisms of action. In spite of a lack of defects in intracellular drug accumulation, induction of DNA strand breaks in resistant cells required exposure to a substantially higher concentration, which was consistent with the degree of resistance. At drug concentrations causing a similar antiproliferative effect (IC(80)) and a comparable extent of DNA lesions in sensitive and resistant cells, the apoptotic response was a delayed and less marked event in resistant cells, thus indicating a reduced susceptibility to apoptosis. In spite of recognition of DNA lesions in resistant cells, as supported by phosphorylation of p53 and histone H2AX, resistant cells exhibited no activation of the mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis. Following exposure to equitoxic drug concentrations, only sensitive cells exhibited a typical stress/DNA damage response, with activation of the S-phase checkpoint. The cellular resistance to ST1926 reflects alterations responsible for a reduced generation of DNA lesions and for an enhanced tolerance of the genotoxic stress, resulting in lack of activation of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. The defective DNA damage response, accompanied by a reduced susceptibility to apoptosis in resistant cells, provides further support to the involvement of genotoxic stress as a critical event in mediating apoptosis induction by ST1926

ST1926, a novel and orally active retinoid-related molecule inducing apoptosis in myeloid leukemia cells: Modulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis

Retinoid-related mols. (RRMs) are derivs. of retinoic acid and promising antileukemic agents with a mechanism of action different from that of other common chemotherapeutics. Here, we describe a novel chem. series designed against the RRM prototype, CD437. This includes mols. with apoptotic effects in acute promyelocytic leukemia and other myelogenous leukemia cell lines, as well as ST2065, an RRM with antagonistic properties. The most interesting apoptotic agent is ST1926, a compd. more powerful than CD437 in vitro and orally active in vivo on severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice that received transplants of NB4 cells. ST1926 has the same mechanism of action of CD437, as indicated by the ability to trans-activate retinoic acid receptor g, to induce the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, and to down-regulate the expression of many genes neg. modulated by CD437. ST1926 causes an immediate increase in the cytosolic levels of calcium that are directly related to the apoptotic potential of the RRMs considered. The intracellular calcium elevation is predominantly the result of an inhibition of the mitochondrial calcium uptake. The phenomenon is blocked by the ST2065 antagonist, the intracellular calcium chelator BAPTA 1,2 bis (2-aminophenoxy) ethane-N, N, N', N'-tetraacetic acid tetrakis (acetoxymethyl ester), and by high concns. of calcium blockers of the dihydropyridine type, compds. that suppress ST1926-induced apoptosis