Perlakuan Agens Hayati untuk Mengendalikan Hawar Daun Bakteri dan Meningkatkan Produksi Benih Padi Sehat

The research objectives were to evaluate biological agent treatments in controlling bacterial leaf blight (BLB) and increasing plant growth and seed production of rice. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse and field using the same experimental design (randomized block design with two factors) and three replications. The first factor was seed treatments, i.e. negative control, positive control, streptomycin sulphate 0.2%, Pseudomonas diminuta + Bacillus subtilis, matriconditioning + streptomycin sulphate 0.2%, and matriconditioning + P. diminuta + B. subtilis. Spraying plants (second factor): untreated control, streptomycin sulphate 0.2%, biological agent F112, biological agent F198, and biological agent F57. In the greenhouse, matriconditioning + P. diminuta + B. subtilis improved seed germination, plant height, and plant dry weight. Spraying plants with biological agent F112 increased plant dry weight. Meanwhile, matriconditioning + P. diminuta + B. subtilis followed by spraying plants with biological agent F112 reduced the BLB severity. In the field, matriconditioning + P. diminuta + B. subtilis improved seedling dry weight. Matriconditioning + P. diminuta + B. subtilis and spraying plants with biological agents F112 controlled BLB and increased plant growth. However, all treatments were not able to increase healthy seed production

Knowledge management initiative and solution: a case study in International Islamic University of Malaysia(IIUM)

Universities are the important place for learning and sharing information internally or externally where the knowledge management (KM) implementation will give sustainable competitive advantage, achieving substantial savings, improve significant performance and establish the long-term existence among the others. The International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM) is a private publicly funded university in Malaysia while eight different governments from the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) as its financial sponsor. So far, IIUM does not really have a system in managing the knowledge to inculcate a knowledge culture in development of education in Malaysia. This paper represents KM initiative and solution through investigating resource content and organization culture in IIUM in developing the appropriate KM framework that include set of plan and strategy based on ontology approach

ISLAMISM IN MADURA: From Religious Symbolism to Authoritarianism

The article scrutinizes the role and action of a number of Muslim organizations established by some prominent kiais in Pamekasan Madura, namely Badan Silaturrahmi Ulama Pesantren Madura (BASSRA/The Board of Madurese Pesantren Ulama), Aliansi Ulama Madura (AUMA/The Alliance of Madurese Ulama), and Forum Kiai Muda (FKM/The Forum of Young Kiais). These orga­ni­za­tions, on the basis of their religious thoughts and movements, have been able to massively mobilize and organize their followers while at the same time create a multi-layered sectarianism. The sectarianism promulgated by these organizations seems to disrespectfully neglect interreligious and interethnic relations which rest within heteroge­neous reality of the Madurese society. Consequently, the domination of the religious elites seems to “lock” the freedom of thought in religion. This article argues that Islamism in Pamekasan—as a variant of Islam in response to the global phenomena on religious fundamen­talism—has uniquely focused on what so-called “nationalization of Islam”. It implies that the Islamist groups in Pamekasan attempt to mobilize their followers, on behalf of Islam, in order to not only establish an Islamic state but also to renovate Indonesia

Association of mutation and expression of the brother of the regulator of imprinted sites (BORIS) gene with breast cancer progression

INTRODUCTION: The BORIS, 11 zinc-finger transcription factors, is a member of the cancer-testis antigen (CTA) family. It is mapped to chromosome number 20q13.2 and this region is genetically linked to the early onset of breast cancer. The current study analyzed the correlation between BORIS mutations and the expression of the protein in breast cancer cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A population-based study including a total of 155 breast cancer tissue samples and an equal number of normal adjacent tissues from Indian female breast cancer patients was carried out. Mutations of the BORIS gene were detected by polymerase chain reaction-single standard confirmation polymorphisms (PCR-SSCP) and automated DNA sequencing and by immunohistochemistry for BORIS protein expression were performed. The observed findings were correlated with several clinicopathological parameters to find out the clinical relevance of associations. RESULTS: Of all the cases 16.12% (25/155) showed mutations in the BORIS gene. The observed mutations present on codon 329 are missense, leading to Val\u3e Ile (G\u3eA) change on exon 5 of the BORIS gene. A significant association was observed between mutations of the BORIS gene and some clinicopathological features like nodal status (p = 0.013), estrogen receptor (ER) expression (p = 0.008), progesterone receptor (PR) expression (p = 0.039), clinical stage (p = 0.010) and menopausal status (p = 0.023). The protein expression analysis showed 20.64% (32/155) samples showing low or no expression (+), 34.19% (53/155) with moderate expression (++), and 45.17% (70/155) showing high expression (+++) of BORIS protein. A significant association was observed between the expression of BORIS protein and clinicopathological features like clinical stage (p = 0.013), nodal status (p = 0.049), ER expression (p = 0.039), and PR expression (p = 0.027). When mutation and protein expression were correlated in combination with clinicopathological parameters a significant association was observed in the category of high (+++) level of BORIS protein expression (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION: The BORIS mutations and high protein expression occur frequently in carcinoma of the breast suggesting their association with the onset and progression of breast carcinoma. Further, the BORIS has the potential to be used as a biomarker

Recombinant expression and preliminary characterization of Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans-isomerase Rrd1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Sacchromycescerevisiae Peptidyl-prolylcis/trans-isomerase Rrd1 has been linked to DNA repair, bud morphogenesis, advancement of the G1 phase, DNA replication stress, microtubule dynamics and is also necessary for the quick decrease in Sgs1p levels in response to rapamycin. In present study, Rrd1 gene was amplified by standard PCR and subsequently cloned downstream to bacteriophage T7 inducible promoter and lac operator of expression vector pET21d(+). Additionally, immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) was used to purify the protein upto its homogeneity, and its homogeneous purity was further confirmed through western blotting. Size exclusion chromatography implies that Rrd1 is existing as monomer in its natural state. Foldwise Rrd1 protein belongs to PTPA-like protein superfamily. Rrd1 showed characteristic negative minima at 222 and 208 nm represent protein typically acquired α helix in the far-UV CD spectra. Fluorescence spectra showed properly folded tertiary structures of Rrd1 at physiological conditions. Rrd1protein can be identified from different species using a fingerprint created by PIPSA analysis. The protein's abundance could aid in its crystallization, biophysical characterization and identification of other-interacting partners of Rrd1 protein

Untargeted Metabolomics Showed Accumulation of One-Carbon Metabolites to Facilitate DNA Methylation during Extracellular Matrix Detachment of Cancer Cells

Tumor cells detached from the extracellular matrix (ECM) undergo anoikis resistance and metabolic reprogramming to facilitate cancer cell survival and promote metastasis. During ECM detachment, cancer cells utilize genomic methylation to regulate transcriptional events. One-carbon (1C) metabolism is a well-known contributor of SAM, a global substrate for methylation reactions, especially DNA methylation. DNA methylation-mediated repression of NK cell ligands MICA and MICB during ECM detachment has been overlooked. In the current work, we quantitated the impact of ECM detachment on one-carbon metabolites, expression of 1C regulatory pathway genes, and total methylation levels. Our results showed that ECM detachment promotes the accumulation of one-carbon metabolites and induces regulatory pathway genes and total DNA methylation. Furthermore, we measured the expression of well-known targets of DNA methylation in NK cell ligands in cancer cells, namely, MICA/B, during ECM detachment and observed low expression compared to ECM-attached cancer cells. Finally, we treated the ECM-detached cancer cells with vitamin C (a global methylation inhibitor) and observed a reduction in the promoter methylation of NK cell ligands, resulting in MICA/B re-expression. Treatment with vitamin C was also found to reduce global DNA methylation levels in ECM-detached cancer cells

Urolithin A and B Alter Cellular Metabolism and Induce Metabolites Associated with Apoptosis in Leukemic Cells

Leukemia is persistently a significant cause of illness and mortality worldwide. Urolithins, metabolites of ellagic acid and ellagitannins produced by gut microbiota, showed better bioactive compounds liable for the health benefits exerted by ellagic acid and ellagitannins containing pomegranate and walnuts. Here, we assessed the potential antileukemic activities of both urolithin A and urolithin B. Results showed that both urolithin A and B significantly inhibited the proliferation of leukemic cell lines Jurkat and K562, among which urolithin A showed the more prominent antiproliferative capability. Further, urolithin treatment alters leukemic cell metabolism, as evidenced by increased metabolic rate and notable changes in glutamine metabolism, one-carbon metabolism, and lipid metabolism. Next, we evidenced that both urolithins equally promoted apoptosis in leukemic cell lines. Based on these observations, we concluded that both urolithin A and B alter leukemic cell metabolome, resulting in a halt of proliferation, followed by apoptosis. The data can be used for designing new combinational therapies to eradicate leukemic cells