Impacts of C1-C3 alkyl nitrates on tropospheric ozone chemistry

Alkyl nitrates (RONO2) are important reservoirs of tropospheric reactive nitrogen. They are produced from the oxidation of their parent alkanes (RH) in the presence of NOx and emitted from oceanic and biomass burning sources. Due to their relatively long lifetime of a few days to a few months, alkyl nitrates can be destroyed far away from their sources by photolysis or OH oxidation and alter regional tropospheric ozone concentrations. While C1-C3 RONO2 chemistry is well understood, information about their oceanic and biomass burning sources is limited. We derived a new estimate of C1-C3 RONO2 biomass burning emissions from the Global Fire Emissions Database and implemented these emissions into a global 3D chemistry-climate model UM-UKCA, along with C1-C3 RONO2 chemistry from the Master Chemical Mechanism, dry deposition and oceanic emissions. We performed six perpetual year UM-UKCA simulations designed to explore the statistical significance of the global and localised impacts of C1-C3 RONO2 on tropospheric ozone chemistry. We also compared the regional mean vertical profiles of C1-C3 RH and RONO2, NOx and O3 observed during the Atmospheric Tomography mission and simulated by UM-UKCA in 8 remote regions in February and August. We found that C1-C3 RONO2 oceanic emissions have the largest global impact on tropospheric ozone chemistry among all alkyl nitrate sources considered in this study, while their biomass burning emissions have the smallest impact. The combination of C1-C3 RONO2 chemistry and emissions increases tropospheric ozone burden by 2.96±0.69 Tg (1.09±0.25%) and decreases methane lifetime by 0.151±0.036 yr (1.56±0.37%). Statistically significant increases in the seasonal mean ozone concentrations of up to 2 ppbv (_5%) are located within 0-5 km over the Southern Ocean during boreal winter and autumn and within 0-10 km near the equator during boreal winter, summer and autumn

The simulation model of the computer cluster

Simulation is often used in cases when it is impossible to carry out experiments with real complex objects. The article represents the description of the computer cluster simulation model. Parameters, which affect the cluster performance, were selected, a simulation model was designed, and experiments were conducted. The obtained model allowed finding the optimal variant of the cluster performance, which consists of five computers

Dynamic Distribution Simulation Model Objects Based on Knowledge

This paper presents the process of load balancing in simulation system Triad.Net, the architecture of load balancing subsystem. The main features of static and dynamic load balancing are discussed and new approach, controlled dynamic load balancing, needed for regular mapping of simulation model on the network of computers is proposed. The paper considers linguistic constructions of Triad language for different load balancing algorithms description

Software for Remote Parallel Simulation

This paper describes distributed/parallel simulation system Triad.Net and software, which allows geographical distributed users to participate collaboratively and remotely in simulation experiments and to observe simulation model behavior via Internet

Computer-aided research of ESP class materials: vocabulary potential and learning opportunities

The present study focuses on the assessment of vocabulary potential of teacher-created pedagogical materials to use in the class of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) taught to Russian undergraduates, majoring in Chemical Engineering, in a large public technical university. Specifically, the aim of the research is to examine the vocabulary distribution in the collection of course materials in terms of its range, frequency and variety. The motivation behind the study is that ESP instructors often have to rely on their own intuition during the text selection and material development due to the fact that there is the lack of pedagogical materials covering discipline-specific vocabulary of every specialization. ESP instructors teach English first, integrating the presentation of topics from subject matter classes and the major challenge consists in the lack of content-based knowledge of ESP instructors to select the domain vocabulary to L2 learners. Thus, to facilitate customized language acquisition (basic engineering, academic and specialized vocabulary) and to determine the extent to which the vocabulary contained in the texts is specialized and relevant to L2 learners’ domain, corpus software “Range” is used to run the analysis. The results suggest that the ESP corpus promotes the acquisition of high frequency English words (the first and the second 1,000), basic engineering and academic vocabulary. The results also demonstrate insufficient level of teacher-created materials for specialized vocabulary development and highlight the need to include texts of varying vocabulary types, and to optimize specialized wordlist

The simulation model of the computer cluster

Simulation is often used in cases when it is impossible to carry out experiments with real complex objects. The article represents the description of the computer cluster simulation model. Parameters, which affect the cluster performance, were selected, a simulation model was designed, and experiments were conducted. The obtained model allowed finding the optimal variant of the cluster performance, which consists of five computers

Teaching Literature to Foreign Audience at the Stage of Pre-University Training

AbstractThe paper considers the problems of applying the Russian as a foreign language teaching technique for teaching literature at pre-university department. In spite of the reduced scope of additional educational program in literature as provided for by the new requirements, in this audience, studying the Russian writers’ works corps is coupled with difficulties of both linguistic and mental nature. The teaching starts in groups having A1 mastery level of Russian, and, alongside with the non-mother tongue, the attendees have to master a course of Russian literature ranging from folklore and Old Russian literature to that of the 20th century within an incomplete academic year. The specific character of students’ audience and program requirements prescribe the necessary use of the main principles of RFL teaching – communicative, linguistic, didactic and psychological ones. The authors of the paper pay a special attention to practical application of the said principles giving numerous examples of study assignments and exercises of various types. The paper can be targeted to RFL teachers, students of philology and to everyone interested in problems of techniques of teaching literature in a non-mother tongues

Radiographic researches in radioecological monitoring

The possibilities of one of the radiographic methods - the method of fission-fragment radiography for evaluation of radiographic condition of territories, which are characterized by different source of man-caused and natural radiating loading, are considere

Big data analysis and changes in customer preferences in post-pandemic global tourism

The list of leading big data holders, whose market intelligence has the most authority for forecasting and planning in global tourism, as well as the reports based on big data analysis are of high importance to be verified. The study reveals a lack of attention to the big data potential for forecasting in tourism and use of traditional limited methods of consumer preferences research published in the annual reports and then circulate in media. Nevertheless, big data analysis implemented by various companies reflects a dramatic change in consumer priorities of the post-pandemic period and captures the demand for authenticity, variety, increased concern for physical and mental health, intangible luxury, and, in general, understanding that traveling is beginning to be perceived as one of essentials of healthy lifestyle. Given these limitations, the list of consumer preferences based on the reported tourism trends for 2023 is of practical relevance to all stakeholders in the industry

SERVICE FOR FOREIGN TOUR GROUPS IN MOSCOW AS A COMPONENT OF THE TOURIST REGION IMAGE (BASED ON 2015-2016)

The article covers issues of the notion and formation of a tourist region image and considers problems of the service for inbound tourists in Moscow Region