Bounds on an effective thermalization beyond the Zeno limit

Developing protocols for preserving information in quantum systems is a central quest for implementing realistic quantum computation. In this regard, the quantum Zeno effect has emerged as a widely utilized technique to safeguard classical information stored in quantum systems. However, existing results pertaining to this method often assume operations performed infinitely fast on the system of interest, which only serves as an approximation to real-world scenarios where the temporal resolution of any experimental apparatus is inherently finite. In this study, we go beyond this conventional assumption and derive the effective Zeno dynamics for any time interval between operations. Our analysis considers a qubit undergoing thermalization, as described by a generalized amplitude damping channel, while the operations performed consist of projections onto an orthonormal basis that may or may not coincide with the pointer basis to which the system is thermalizing. By obtaining the probability of successfully storing a bit of information after a given time, we investigate the performance of the protocol in two important scenarios: the limit of many interventions, with a first-order correction to the Zeno limit, and the limit of very few interventions. In doing so, we provide valuable insights into the protocol's performance by establishing bounds on its efficacy. These findings enhance our understanding of the practical applicability of the quantum Zeno effect in preserving classical information stored in quantum systems, allowing for better design and optimization of quantum information processing protocols

Gender Inequality and Science Education: Comparison with Brazilian Students in PISA and ENEM

Background: Natural sciences is considered a markedly masculine field of study. Despite the criticisms and changes observed in recent years, the effects on society of male science are still observed in school performance. Objectives: This study proposes to compare the performance inequality based on students’ gender in the contents of natural sciences in Brazil at the end of two learning cycles, lower secondary education (LSE) and upper secondary education or high school (USE). Design: The research was designed to identify the size of the effect on the performance of male and female groups in the International Student Assessment Program (PISA) and in the National High School Exam (ENEM) between 2009 and 2018. Setting and Participants: Public school students who, in the year in which the exam was taken, were in their final year of LSE or USE. Data collection and analysis: PISA performance data were collected from the PISA Data Explorer. From ENEM, they came directly from the database made available by INEP. We applied statistical significance tests to identify differences in performance in the natural sciences test of the two exams. Results: The PISA results indicate that there is no difference in the students’ performance based on gender. In contrast, the ENEM results indicate a difference of 0.3 standard deviations in favour of boys. Conclusions: The results point to an expansion of the gender-based differences in the contents of natural sciences during the EM.Background: Natural sciences is considered a markedly masculine field of study. Despite the criticisms and changes observed in recent years, the effects on society of male science are still observed in school performance. Objectives: This study proposes to compare the performance inequality based on students’ gender in the contents of natural sciences in Brazil at the end of two learning cycles, lower secondary education (LSE) and upper secondary education or high school (USE). Design: The research was designed to identify the size of the effect on the performance of male and female groups in the International Student Assessment Program (PISA) and in the National High School Exam (ENEM) between 2009 and 2018. Setting and Participants: Public school students who, in the year in which the exam was taken, were in their final year of LSE or USE. Data collection and analysis: PISA performance data were collected from the PISA Data Explorer. From ENEM, they came directly from the database made available by INEP. We applied statistical significance tests to identify differences in performance in the natural sciences test of the two exams. Results: The PISA results indicate that there is no difference in the students’ performance based on gender. In contrast, the ENEM results indicate a difference of 0.3 standard deviations in favour of boys. Conclusions: The results point to an expansion of the gender-based differences in the contents of natural sciences during the EM

PRÓTESES ARTICULARES: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA ACERCA DAS COMPLICAÇÕES E RISCOS

Joint replacement surgery is a significant milestone in orthopedic medicine, offering a valuable solution for patients suffering from chronic pain and loss of mobility due to debilitating joint conditions. These prostheses, designed to replace damaged or compromised joints, represent an effective approach to restoring function, relieving discomfort and improving quality of life. This article consists of an integrative review, in which it aims to discuss the complications and risks of joint prostheses, through considerations about them and their recovery and rehabilitation, in order to expand the knowledge of students and professionals in the area on the subject. in question. The work consists of an integrative literature review, in which a search was carried out in the databases. The use of joint prostheses is a notable achievement in orthopedic medicine, providing pain relief and restoration of mobility for countless patients. However, as with any medical procedure, there are complications and risks associated with these medical devices that must be fully understood and considered. In short, joint prostheses are a remarkable achievement in orthopedic medicine, offering pain relief and restoration of mobility for patients with debilitating joint conditions. However, the success of these medical devices depends on understanding the indications, choosing appropriate types and materials, performing an accurate surgical procedure, effective rehabilitation, and careful management of the associated risks and complications.A cirurgia de implantação de próteses articulares é um marco significativo na medicina ortopédica, oferecendo uma solução valiosa para pacientes que sofrem de dor crônica e perda de mobilidade devido a condições articulares debilitantes. Essas próteses, projetadas para substituir articulações danificadas ou comprometidas, representam uma abordagem eficaz para restaurar a função, aliviar o desconforto e melhorar a qualidade de vida. O presente artigo consiste em uma revisão integrativa, no qual tem como objetivo discorrer acerca das complicações e riscos das próteses articulares, mediante considerações sobre as mesmas e sua recuperação e reabilitação, no intuito de ampliar os conhecimentos de estudantes e profissionais da área acerca do tema em questão. O trabalho consiste em uma revisão de literatura do tipo integrativa, na qual foi realizada uma pesquisa nas bases de dados. A utilização de próteses articulares é uma notável conquista da medicina ortopédica, proporcionando alívio da dor e restauração da mobilidade para inúmeros pacientes. No entanto, como em qualquer procedimento médico, existem complicações e riscos associados a esses dispositivos médicos que devem ser compreendidos e considerados de forma abrangente. Em suma, as próteses articulares são uma notável conquista da medicina ortopédica, oferecendo alívio da dor e restauração da mobilidade para pacientes com condições articulares debilitantes. No entanto, o sucesso desses dispositivos médicos depende da compreensão das indicações, da escolha adequada dos tipos e materiais, da realização de um procedimento cirúrgico preciso, de uma reabilitação eficaz e da gestão cuidadosa dos riscos e complicações associados

Near-drowning-associated pneumonia with bacteremia caused by coinfection with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Edwardsiella tarda in a healthy white man: a case report

Abstract\ud \ud Background\ud \ud Edwardsiella tarda is an Enterobacteriaceae found in aquatic environments. Extraintestinal infections caused by Edwardsiella tarda in humans are rare and occur in the presence of some risk factors. As far as we know, this is the first case of near-drowning-associated pneumonia with bacteremia caused by coinfection with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Edwardsiella tarda in a healthy patient.\ud \ud \ud Case presentation\ud A 27-year-old previously healthy white man had an episode of fresh water drowning after acute alcohol consumption. Edwardsiella tarda and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus were isolated in both tracheal aspirate cultures and blood cultures.\ud \ud \ud Conclusion\ud This case shows that Edwardsiella tarda is an important pathogen in near drowning even in healthy individuals, and not only in the presence of risk factors, as previously known

Percepções de pessoas com hanseníase acerca da doença e tratamento

Objective: to understand the perceptions of people with leprosy about disease and treatment. Methods: qualitative study conducted with nine adults in chemotherapy treatment. Data was collected through semistructured interviews and submitted to content analysis in thematic modality. Results: participants reported a concern, distrust, and resistance to accepting the diagnosis. When diagnosed, they felt shame and fear of suffering prejudice. Living with the disease caused important changes, such as the inability to get out, to exercise or perform leisure activities, but the improvement resulting from treatment reassured them, and the need to care for a dependent care motivated them to do it. Families expressed attention, and care was recognized as important, and the absence of these events meant abandonment and exclusion. Conclusion: people with leprosy have demanded not always identified by health professionals, but they had repercussions in the management of the treatment and welfare of these people

Initial evidence for hypothalamic gliosis in children with obesity by quantitative T2 MRI and implications for blood oxygen-level dependent response to glucose ingestion

Objective: In adults, hypothalamic gliosis has been documented using quantitative T2 neuroimaging, whereas functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has shown a defective hypothalamic response to nutrients. No studies have yet evaluated these hypothalamic abnormalities in children with obesity. Methods: Children with obesity and lean controls underwent quantitative MRI measuring T2 relaxation time, along with continuous hypothalamic fMRI acquisition to evaluate early response to glucose ingestion. Results: Children with obesity (N = 11) had longer T2 relaxation times, consistent with gliosis, in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) compared to controls (N = 9; P = 0.004). Moreover, there was a highly significant group*region interaction (P = 0.002), demonstrating that signs of gliosis were specific to MBH and not to reference regions. Longer T2 relaxation times correlated with measures of higher adiposity, including visceral fat percentage (P = 0.01). Mean glucose-induced hypothalamic blood oxygen-level dependent signal change did not differ between groups (P = 0.11). However, mean left MBH T2 relaxation time negatively correlated with glucose-induced hypothalamic signal change (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Imaging signs of hypothalamic gliosis were present in children with obesity and positively associated with more severe adiposity. Children with the strongest evidence for gliosis showed the least activation after glucose ingestion. These initial findings suggest that the hypothalamus is both structurally and functionally affected in childhood obesity.142FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPSem informação2009/50809-

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2013: volume 2: metodologias de ensino e a apropriação de conhecimento pelos alunos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2013: volume 2: metodologias de ensino e a apropriação de conhecimento pelos alunos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP