Rio Grande do Sul as published by Livraria do Globo: Regionalist temporalities and publishing (1924-1960)

In this article I intend to analyze the nexuses between the editorial project of Livraria do Globo, a publishing house of Porto Alegre, andgaúcho regionalism in Rio Grande do Sul in three temporalities: the heroic gauchismo of the 1920s; the critique and downward path of regionalism in the 1930s; and the return to themes and topics involving the South by local intelligentsia, with new criteria, after the end of the Estado Novo (1937-1945). The publication of regionalist books took up a significant proportion of the life of Livraria do Globo, fluctuating according to the interest of the public, the political situation, the development of the Brazilian market, and the relatively increased autonomy in the cultural field. On the one hand it can be said that, as a literary and for a while political movement, gaúcho regionalism depended almost exclusively on Globo’s investments in publishing, which enabled efforts to reconfigure this line ideologically and esthetically. On the other, we know that at least at two points in time (in the second half of the 1920s and the 1950s) regionalism gave the business considerable financial returns: first, together with the translated literature published for the masses, it supported the expansion of the editorial structure of the old bookstore, and then it ensured a dependable revenue in times of crisis.Keywords: Editora Globo, gaúcho regionalism, History of Culture.In this article I intend to analyze the nexuses between the editorial project of Livraria do Globo, a publishing house of Porto Alegre, and gaúcho regionalism in Rio Grande do Sul in three temporalities: the heroic gauchismo of the 1920s; the critique and downward path of regionalism in the 1930s; and the return to themes and topics involving the South by local intelligentsia, with new criteria, after the end of the Estado Novo (1937-1945). The publication of regionalist books took up a significant proportion of the life of Livraria do Globo, fluctuating according to the interest of the public, the political situation, the development of the Brazilian market, and the relatively increased autonomy in the cultural field. On the one hand it can be said that, as a literary and for a while political movement, gaúcho regionalism depended almost exclusively on Globo’s investments in publishing, which enabled efforts to reconfigure this line ideologically and esthetically. On the other, we know that at least at two points in time (in the second half of the 1920s and the 1950s) regionalism gave the business considerable financial returns: first, together with the translated literature published for the masses, it supported the expansion of the editorial structure of the old bookstore, and then it ensured a dependable revenue in times of crisis.Keywords: Editora Globo, gaúcho regionalism, History of Culture

The amygdala and the relevance detection theory of autism: an evolutionary perspective

In the last few decades there has been increasing interest in the role of the amygdala in psy- chiatric disorders and, in particular, in its contribution to the socio-emotional impairments in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Given that the amygdala is a component structure of the “social brain,” several theoretical explanations compatible with amygdala dysfunction have been proposed to account for socio-emotional impairments in ASDs, including abnormal eye contact, gaze monitoring, face processing, mental state understanding, and empathy. Nevertheless, many theoretical accounts, based on the Amygdala Theory of Autism, fail to elucidate the complex pattern of impairments observed in this population, which extends beyond the social domain. As posited by the Relevance Detector theory (Sander etal., 2003), the human amygdala is a critical component of a brain circuit involved in the appraisal of self-relevant events that include, but are not restricted to, social stimuli. Here, we propose that the behavioral and social–emotional features of ASDs may be better understood in terms of a disruption in a “Relevance Detector Network” affecting the processing of stimuli that are relevant for the organism’s self-regulating functions. In the present review, we will first summarize the main literature supporting the involvement of the amygdala in socio-emotional disturbances in ASDs. Next, we will present a revised version of the Amygdala Relevance Detector hypothesis and we will show that this theoretical framework can provide a better understanding of the heterogeneity of the impairments and symptomatology of ASDs. Finally, we will discuss some predictions of our model, and suggest new directions in the investigation of the role of the amygdala within the more generally disrupted cortical connectivity framework as a model of neural organization of the autistic brain

Evaluation of tracing techniques in the rat spinal cord using a custom MATLAB application.

The objective of this research project is to evaluate the efficiency of traditional chemical tracing compared to dual-viral tracing for labeling long ascending propriospinal neurons (LAPNs) in the uninjured rat spinal cord, and to develop a MATLAB program which will accurately quantify this labeling. To evaluate chemical tracing, Fluoro-Ruby (FR) was injected at the level of the axon terminals, and the number of ipsilateral labeled cell bodies at lumbar level was quantified. Similarly, two dual-viral systems were evaluated, by either injecting retro-AAV-Cre or HiRet-Lenti-Cre unilaterally in combination with a Cre-dependent adeno-associated virus. The HiRet-Lenti and FR groups labeled significantly greater numbers of LAPNs than the retro-AAV group, showing that dual-viral systems utilizing retro-AAVs do not provide robust labeling when tracing LAPNs. Additionally, dual-viral tracing utilizing the HiRet-lentivirus provides more specificity than traditional chemical tracing with FR. Thus, dual-viral labeling utilizing HiRet-lentiviruses is preferred due to greater specificity and more prominent labeling. To automate the cell counting process, a MATLAB program was developed to accurately determine the number of ipsilateral cell bodies labeled by each of the tracing techniques. To validate the accuracy of the MATLAB program, the number of labeled cells counted for each tracing technique by manual counting was compared to the number generated by the MATLAB program. The number of LAPNs counted manually did not significantly differ from the number of LAPNs counted by the MATLAB application between labeling groups, and there was a highly significant correlation between the two methods

Giving the Giggles: Prediction, Intervention, and Young Children's Representation of Psychological Events

Adults recognize that if event A predicts event B, intervening on A might generate B. Research suggests that young children have difficulty making this inference unless the events are initiated by goal-directed actions. The current study tested the domain-generality and development of this phenomenon. Replicating previous work, when the events involved a physical outcome, toddlers (mean: 24 months) failed to generalize the outcome of spontaneously occurring predictive events to their own interventions; toddlers did generalize from prediction to intervention when the events involved a psychological outcome. We discuss these findings as they bear on the development of causal concepts.Templeton Foundation (Grant 12667)James S. McDonnell FoundationNational Science Foundation (U.S.). (CAREER Award 0744213

Rio Grande do Sul as published by Livraria do Globo: Regionalist temporalities and publishing (1924-1960)

Neste artigo, pretendo analisar os nexos entre o projeto editorial da Livraria do Globo, de Porto Alegre, e o regionalismo gaúcho, em três temporalidades: o gauchismo heroico, nos anos 1920; a crítica e o descenso do regional na década de 1930; e a retomada dos temas e assuntos do Sul pela intelectualidade local, sob novos critérios, após o fim do Estado Novo. A edição de livros regionalistas ocupou parcela significativa da vida da casa editora, oscilando de acordo com o interesse do público, a conjuntura política, o desenvolvimento do mercado brasileiro e a relativa autonomização do campo cultural. De um lado, pode-se afirmar que, enquanto movimento literário e, por certo tempo, político, o regionalismo gaúcho dependeu quase que exclusivamente dos investimentos da Globo em edição, o que permitiu os esforços de reconfiguração ideológica e estética da vertente. De outro, sabemos que, em pelo menos dois momentos (segunda metade da década de 1920 e anos 1950), a linha regionalista deu retorno financeiro considerável: primeiro, sustentando, juntamente com a literatura de massa traduzida, a expansão da estrutura editorial da antiga livraria; depois, garantindo numerário seguro em tempos de crise.Palavras-chave: Editora Globo, regionalismo gaúcho, História Cultural.In this article I intend to analyze the nexuses between the editorial project of Livraria do Globo, a publishing house of Porto Alegre, and gaúcho regionalism in Rio Grande do Sul in three temporalities: the heroic gauchismo of the 1920s; the critique and downward path of regionalism in the 1930s; and the return to themes and topics involving the South by local intelligentsia, with new criteria, after the end of the Estado Novo (1937-1945). The publication of regionalist books took up a significant proportion of the life of Livraria do Globo, fluctuating according to the interest of the public, the political situation, the development of the Brazilian market, and the relatively increased autonomy in the cultural field. On the one hand it can be said that, as a literary and for a while political movement, gaúcho regionalism depended almost exclusively on Globo’s investments in publishing, which enabled efforts to reconfigure this line ideologically and esthetically. On the other, we know that at least at two points in time (in the second half of the 1920s and the 1950s) regionalism gave the business considerable financial returns: first, together with the translated literature published for the masses, it supported the expansion of the editorial structure of the old bookstore, and then it ensured a dependable revenue in times of crisis.Keywords: Editora Globo, gaúcho regionalism, History of Culture