Erotyka w przekazach reklamowych

Zalejski, Jaroslaw. Eroticism in advertising message

Wybrane elementy procesu dostosowania polskiego mleczarstwa do standardów Unii Europejskiej

Zalejski, J. Selected elements of the process of adapting Polish dairy industry to the standards of the European Unio

ROLA KONSULTACJI SPOŁECZNYCH W ZARZĄDZANIU JEDNOSTKĄ SAMORZĄDU TERYTORIALNEGO NA PRZYKŁADZIE GMINY WASILKÓW

W opracowaniu zostanie przedstawiona problematyka konsultacji  jako przejawu partycypacji społecznej. Autor stawia sobie za cel ukazanie roli i znaczenia konsultacji społecznych w zarządzaniu Gminą Wasilków. Do realizacji założeń opracowania zostaną wykorzystane dwa modele, tzn. konsultacje w oparciu o relacje: władza - mieszkańcy oraz władza - inwestor - mieszkańcy.</p

Wizerunek i tożsamość jako elementy zarządzania miastem

Glińska, Ewa; Zalejski, Jaroslaw. Image and identity as elements of city managemen

Phospholipid Signaling Responses in Salt-Stressed Rice Leaves

Salinity is one of the major environmental factors limiting growth and productivity of rice plants. In this study, the effect of salt stress on phospholipid signaling responses in rice leaves was investigated. Leaf cuts were radiolabeled with 32P-orthophosphate and the lipids extracted and analyzed by thin-layer chromatography, autoradiography and phosphoimaging. Phospholipids were identified by co-migration of known standards. Results showed that 32Pi was rapidly incorporated into the minor lipids, phos-phatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidic acid (PA) and, interestingly, also into the structural lipids phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG), which normally label relatively slowly, like phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylinositol (PI). Only very small amounts of PIP2 were found. However, in response to salt stress (NaCl), PIP2 levels rapidly (<30 min) increased up to 4-fold, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. PA and its phosphorylated product, diacylglyc-erolpyrophosphate (DGPP), also increased upon NaCl stress, while cardiolipin (CL) levels decreased. All other phospholipid levels remained unchanged. PA signaling can be generated via the combined action of phospholipase C (PLC) and diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) or directly via phospholipase D (PLD). The latter can be measured in vivo, using a transphosphatidylation assay. Interestingly, these measurements revealed that salt stress inhibited PLD activity, indicating that the salt stress-induced PA response was not due to PLD activity. Comparison of the 32P-lipid responses in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars revealed no significant differences. Together these results show that salt stress rapidly activates several lipid responses in rice leaves but that these responses do not explain the difference in salt tolerance between sensitive and tolerant cultivars

Продвижение спортивных организаций в Польше

Zalejski, J. Promotion of sports organizations in Polan