Review of Cryptosporidiosis in Calves, Children and Hiv/Aids Patients

Cryptosporidiosis is among the most important protozoan parasitic diseases of animals and humans importance that commonly causes diarrheal disease in a wide range of vertebrate hosts, particularly, neonatal calves, Children, and HIV/Aids Patients. The host immune capacity is the most important factor affecting both the probability of infection and the severity of the subsequent disease. Commonly, humans and animals get an infection when they contact animal manure and consume food and drink containing Oocysts that contain four Sporozoites within this protozoan. Although the disease has occasionally been reported in adult animals and humans, the severity of the disease is common in neonatal calves, young children particularly in those < 5 years and HIV/AIDS patients. The prevalence of bovine Cryptosporidiosis ranges from 6.25 to 39.65% in different parts of the world and 2.3 to 27.8% in Ethiopia as well. Diagnosis of Cryptosporidiosis is mostly based on the detection of Oocysts from fecal samples. Animals and human sewage discharges are generally considered as the major sources of contamination. At present, there is no effective treatment and vaccines to prevent Cryptosporidiosis in either livestock farms or humans. Thus, the practice of good personal and dairy farm hygiene, prevention of environmental contamination of Oocystsare the best prevention methods in humans and animals. The objective of this paper is to review the current status of Cryptosporidiosis, the zoonotic implication of Cryptosporidiosis in both humans and animals

Magnitude of self-harm and associated factors among postnatal mothers attending immunization clinics at public health facilities in Boneya Boshe Woreda, Western Ethiopia, 2023: institution-based cross-sectional study design

BackgroundSelf-harm is a preventable, but a leading, cause of maternal morbidity and mortality all over the world, with a significant impact on healthcare systems.ObjectiveTo assess the magnitude of self-harm and associated factors among postnatal mothers attending immunization clinics.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was employed among postnatal mothers attending infant immunization clinics at public health facilities in Boneya Boshe Woreda, Western Ethiopia, 1 October to 30 October 2023. A pretested, face-to-face interviewer-administered structured questionnaire prepared by Kobo Toolbox was used to collect the data. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done. The level of significance was declared at p-value <0.05 with a 95% CI.ResultsAmong the 423 mothers enrolled in the study, 415 of them finally participated, at a response rate of 98.10%. The magnitude of self-harm was 12.53% (95% CI: 9.33, 15.73). Involvement of husband in maternity and child healthcare (AOR = 1.90; 95% CI: 1.12, 2.10), depression (AOR = 2.79; 95% CI: 2.14, 6.94), loneliness (AOR = 2.49; 95% CI: 1.15, 5.40), postpartum intimate partner violence (AOR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.01, 4.54), average monthly income (AOR = 3.70; 95% CI: 2.17, 10.50), and postnatal care (AOR = 2.72; 95% CI: 1.28, 5.80) were significantly associated factors.Conclusion and recommendationsThe study sought a magnitude of self-harm that was slightly higher than the previous study conducted in the northern part of Ethiopia. Therefore, healthcare providers should focus on identified factors during postnatal care to overcome them. Similarly, the concerned body should develop an effective strategy based on the identified factors to pay attention to postnatal mothers

Analysis of the Use of Modification Tools of Wave Jambu Fruit Skin (Anacardium Occidentale L) on the Quality of Jambu Mete

This study aims to determine the efficiency of the work efficiency of the tool by using a modification kacip, to determine the results of the quality of the cashew seeds produced with modified modifications determining the location of the study carried out intentionally (purposive) with respondents totaling 10 respondents. Data collection is done by interview and observation methods. Analysis of the data used design analysis with drawing rocks or skecap. The results of the analysis study were designed with two blades with 3 replications each time, large cashew fruit with an average of 0,3 kg /time, medium-size cashew with an average of 0,4 kg /time and small cashew fruit with an average of 0,31 kg /time, can be seen the working capacity of the equipment in tables 3, 4 and 5 with a total of 1,01 kg / time and an overall average of 0,33 kg /time. Whereas with one blade that has not been modified, with the working capacity of the tool in table 6. Large cashew fruit with an average of 0,25 kg /time, Medium cashew fruit with an average of 0,25 kg /time, and small cashew fruit with an average of 0,22 kg /time with an amount of 0,72 kg /time and an overall average of 0,24kg /time. To determine what percentage increase in working tools used by two blades and it turns out there is an increase in working tools with results 27.27%

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Talking Stick Terintegrasi Saintifik Berbantuan Media Charta Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif Peserta Didik Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 16 Halmahera Selatan

The scientifically integrated talking stick learning model assisted by charta media is a learning stage following the steps of the talking stick learning model with charta-assisted media to improve the ability of students' cognitive learning outcomes. This study aims to determine the effect of the scientifically integrated talking stick learning model assisted by chart media on students' cognitive learning outcomes. This research is a quasi-experimental research (Quasy Experiment). The sample of this study consisted of two classes, namely class VIII-1 as the experimental class and VIII-2 as the control class with a total of 35 students. The instrument used is a test to measure cognitive learning outcomes. Data analysis used the SPSS-assisted normality and homogeneity test, while the hypothesis test used the Anacova test. The results showed that the talking stick learning model with chart media had an effect on learning outcomes with a significant level of 0.05< 0.001