SOCIAL NETWORKS OF THE INTERNET WITHIN THE THEORY OF AUTOPOIESIS BY NIKLAS LUHMANN

The social networks existing for centuries as social communities in family and companionship, achieved new opportunities of self-updating and public expression with the emergence of the Internet and formation social networks in it. To reveal features of each of these phenomena authors give two definitions of social network. One of them characterizes the social network as a special social community, another emphasizes specifics of social networks of the Internet. By consideration of network interaction in the Internet as a social system authors are guided by the concept of an autopoiesis of N. Luman. Within the social networks of the Internet, according to authors, there is an autopoesis, spontaneous and self-making system which depends on information transfer in the course of interaction between members of network. The system of social networks of the Internet unlike mass media exists due to interpersonal communications. Privacy, personal information is its language and a cultural code

CROWDSOURCING TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEVELOPING CIVIL ACTIVITY IN RUSSIA (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PROJECT «ACTIVE CITIZEN»)

The article considers how crowdsourcing is used in the sphere of the public and municipal administration on the example of the Project «Active Citizen». The paper describes authors’ sociological research and analysis of features of network interaction of the regional authorities, the conclusion about possibility of crowdsourcing application for increase of social citizen activity is drawn

CROWDSOURCING TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEVELOPING CIVIL ACTIVITY IN RUSSIA (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PROJECT «ACTIVE CITIZEN»)

The article considers how crowdsourcing is used in the sphere of the public and municipal administration on the example of the Project «Active Citizen». The paper describes authors’ sociological research and analysis of features of network interaction of the regional authorities, the conclusion about possibility of crowdsourcing application for increase of social citizen activity is drawn

SOCIAL NETWORKS OF THE INTERNET WITHIN THE THEORY OF AUTOPOIESIS BY NIKLAS LUHMANN

The social networks existing for centuries as social communities in family and companionship, achieved new opportunities of self-updating and public expression with the emergence of the Internet and formation social networks in it. To reveal features of each of these phenomena authors give two definitions of social network. One of them characterizes the social network as a special social community, another emphasizes specifics of social networks of the Internet. By consideration of network interaction in the Internet as a social system authors are guided by the concept of an autopoiesis of N. Luman. Within the social networks of the Internet, according to authors, there is an autopoesis, spontaneous and self-making system which depends on information transfer in the course of interaction between members of network. The system of social networks of the Internet unlike mass media exists due to interpersonal communications. Privacy, personal information is its language and a cultural code

Capability assessment for application of clay mixture as barrier material for irradiated zirconium alloy structure elements long-term processing for storage during decommissioning of uranium-graphite nuclear reactors

The radionuclide composition and the activity level of the irradiated zirconium alloy E110, the radionuclide immobilization strength and the retention properties of the mixed clay barrier material with respect to the radionuclides identified in the alloy were investigated to perform the safety assessment of handling structural units of zirconium alloy used for the technological channels in uranium-graphite reactors. The irradiated zirconium alloy waste contained the following activation products:{93m}Nb and the long-lived {94}Nb, {93}Zr radionuclides. Radionuclides of {60}Co, {137}Cs, {90}Sr, and actinides were also present in the alloy. In the course of the runs no leaching of niobium and zirconium isotopes from the E110 alloy was detected. Leach rates were observed merely for {60}Co and {137}Cs present in the deposits formed on the internal surface of technological channels. The radionuclides present were effectively adsorbed by the barrier material. To ensure the localization of radionuclides in case of the radionuclide migration from the irradiated zirconium alloy into the barrier material, the sorption properties were determined of the barrier material used for creating the long-term storage point for the graphite stack from uranium-graphite reactors

Implementation of machine learning methods into eLearning to ensure personalized education of the student

Актуальность работы состоит в необходимости персонального онлайн обучения, включая высокое качество передачи знаний одновременно с автоматизацией и уменьшением затрат со стороны модераторов курса. Невозможность существующих систем обеспечить этим многих пользователей ведет к поиску новых подходов. Научная новизна основана на внедрении технологии интеллектуального чат бота с функциями обработки естественного языка в среду обучения и новом подходе к выполнению заданий, исключающем лимиты времени и количества попыток проверить ответ, а также декомпозиция сложных задач на шаги. Это позволит ученикам достичь правильный ответ самостоятельно, тем самым повышая вовлечение и мотивацию понять трудную тему. Работа содержит следующие стадии: литературный анализ, моделирование, проектирование, реализация, результаты и прогноз. Благодаря предложенному решению больше пользователей получат возможность внедрить приложение и распространить знания с улучшенной средой онлайн обучения. Студенты смогут иметь поддержку в течение всего образовательного процесса в любое время, а их прогресс будет обеспечен анализом данных и методами машинного обучения.The relevance of the work is grounded by the necessity of the personalized online learning, including the high-quality education providing with better automation and less efforts from moderators` side. Inability of the current systems to open these opportunities for many users leads to the exploration of new approaches. The scientific novelty is based on the embedment of the intellectual chatbot technology with Natural Language Processing features into the learning environment and the new approach of the assignments` accomplishment, which inferences the elimination of the time and attempt limits as well as complex tasks on steps segmentation. It gives the possibility for learners to reach the correct answer in more independent way, thereby increasing the engagement and motivation to perceive the difficult topics. The work contains stages: Literature analysis, Modeling, Designing, Implementation, Results and Forecast. Due to the solution more users are able to employ the application and distribute the knowledge with improved eLearning environment. The students get the opportunity to have the support during the educational process any time and their progress is maintained by the data analysis and advanced technologies

Unconventional magnetism of non-uniform distribution of Co in TiO2 nanoparticles

High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), magnetic methods, and density-functional theory (DFT) calculations were applied for the investigations of Co-doped anatase TiO2 nanoparticles (∼20 nm). It was found that high-spin Co2+ ions prefer to occupy the interstitial positions in the TiO2 lattice which are the most energetically favourable in compare to the substitutional those. A quantum mechanical model which operates mainly on two types of Co2+ – Co2+ dimers with different negative exchange interactions and the non-interacting paramagnetic Co2+ ions provides a satisfactorily description of magnetic properties for the TiO2:Co system. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.Russian Foundation for Basic Research. Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federatio

Methods of the determination of inorganic arsenic species by stripping voltammetry in weakly alkaline media

Two methods are considered for the direct determination of trace amounts of As(III) and As(V) in solutions by stripping voltammetry (SVA) using an ensemble of gold microelectrodes (Au-MEA) previously developed by the authors of this paper. In both methods, analyzing a mixture of As(III) and As(V), analysts first record an SVA signal of As(III) in a supporting Na2SO3 electrolyte. To record an analytical SVA signal of As(V), in the first method one should use the reduction of As(V) to As(III) on the surface of an Au-MEA catalyzed by the system Mn(II)/Mn(0) and followed by the formation of As(0) and its anode dissolution. In the second method, the photoreduction of As(V) to As(III) in a Na2SO3 solution is conducted under UV irradiation followed by the reduction of As(III) to As(0) and its electrooxidation on Au-MEA. The two methods are compared taking into account their performance characteristics and interfering ions. To improve the reliability of the results of analysis at an insignificant increase in its cost, we propose the consecutive use of both methods. The procedures are simple and rapid, do not require the removal of dissolved oxygen or toxic reactants, and can be used for the analysis of aqueous solutions at the place of sampling. The results of analyses of real objects, snow, river water, and process solutions are presented