Ethics of Public Administration in the Administration of Governance in Indonesia

Ethics is an important element which determines the successful implementation of organizations activities and public administration actors. The importance to implement public administration ethics in the Indonesia government bureaucracy was based to the ethical problems which happened, such as corruption, collusion and nepotism. This research used qualitative method, where is primary data obtained from observations, and secondary data obtained from media and literature study. From the research that has been conducted, it is known that few of government officials in Indonesia are lack of accountability in performing their duties, authorities and responsibilities and as a result the public bureaucracy in the reform era was much highlighted by the public and got criticism. To solve this problem, besides by enforcing the laws, the government also must to cultivate and implement the public administration ethics for their bureaucratic apparatus. &nbsp

Review of intrusion detection systems based on deep learning techniques: coherent taxonomy, challenges, motivations, recommendations, substantial analysis and future directions

This study reviews and analyses the research landscape for intrusion detection systems (IDSs) based on deep learning (DL) techniques into a coherent taxonomy and identifies the gap in this pivotal research area. The focus is on articles related to the keywords ‘deep learning’, ‘intrusion’ and ‘attack’ and their variations in four major databases, namely Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers’ Xplore. These databases are sufficiently broad to cover the technical literature. The dataset comprises 68 articles. The largest proportion (72.06%; 49/68) relates to articles that develop an approach for evaluating or identifying intrusion detection techniques using the DL approach. The second largest proportion (22.06%; 15/68) relates to studying/applying articles to the DL area, IDSs or other related issues. The third largest proportion (5.88%; 4/68) discusses frameworks/models for running or adopting IDSs. The basic characteristics of this emerging field are identified from the aspects of motivations, open challenges that impede the technology’s utility, authors’ recommendations and substantial analysis. Then, a result analysis mapping for new directions is discussed. Three phases are designed to meet the demands of detecting distributed denial-of-service attacks with a high accuracy rate. This study provides an extensive resource background for researchers who are interested in IDSs based on DL

DOES THE "PROGRAMS AND PERFORMANCE BUDGET" SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF THE GENERAL BUDGET DEFICIT OF THE GOVERNMENT IN IRAQ / EXPLORATORY STUDY?

Abstract The general government budget is one of the most important financial tools for achieving financial and economic balance in the country. Iraq, like many other countries, is facing huge financial challenges, as the general budget is witnessing a large deficit, which causes a negative impact on the stability of the national economy and the ability of the government to provide basic services to citizens. One of the main reasons behind this deficit is declining government revenues and increasing public expenditures. This exploratory study aims to analyze the role of the "Programs and Performance Budget" in addressing the problem of the general budget deficit of the Iraqi government. The researcher used the inductive approach with regard to the theoretical side, and used the questionnaire method to collect primary data from a random sample of experts and university professors with financial specializations. The research concluded with a number of recommendations