Educational need assessment of infertile women admitted to yazd reproductive sciences institute

The purpose of this study was to assess the educational need of infertile women admitted to Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted in Yazd, Iran. The statistical population included 200 infertile women who were selected through convenience sampling method. The data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire with statistical validity and reliability. Data were collected through interviews and self-reports and then analyzed using SPSS v.16 along with descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: The mean awareness scores of factors related to infertility, sexual satisfaction and nutritional needs were 4.36, 4.03, and 5.02, respectively. There was a significant relationship between awareness of infertility factors and variables such as level of education, spouse’s level of education and place of residence. Moreover, there was a non-significant relationship between awareness of infertility factors and variables such as age, spouse’s age, profession, spouse’s profession, number of referrals to the institute, and insurance type. There was also a significant relationship between awareness of nutritional needs and profession; whereas a non-significant relationship was seen between the specified awareness and variables such as age, spouse’s age, spouse’s profession, level of education, spouse’s level of education, number of referrals to the institute, place of residence and insurance type. Conclusion: Since the studied participants exhibited limited awareness of related factors to infertility, it appears that developing a proper training program to raise awareness of infertility followed by its implementation and evaluation is necessary

Thermal aggregation of hen egg white lysozyme: effect of polyamines

Protein aggregation is a serious problem for both biotechnology and cell biology. Diseases such as prion misfolding, Alzheimer’s, and other amyloidosis are phenomena for which protein aggregation in our living cells is of considerable relevance. Human lysozyme has been shown to form amyloid fibrils in individuals suffering from nonneuropathic systemic amyloidosis, all of which have point mutations in the lysozyme gene. In this study, we investigated effect of small additives on the thermal aggregation of lysozyme. The main finding of this work is that multiple amine groups, spermine and spermidine, play pivotal roles in preventing the thermal aggregation of lysozyme. Our results showed that effect of spermine is more than spermidine

UNSUPERVISED DYNAMIC TOPIC MODEL FOR EXTRACTING ADVERSE DRUG REACTION FROM HEALTH FORUMS

The relationship between drug and its side effects has been outlined in two websites: Sider and WebMD. The aim of this study was to find the association between drug and its side effects. We compared the reports of typical users of a web site called: "Ask a patient" website with reported drug side effects in reference sites such as Sider and WebMD. In addition, the typical users' comments on highly-commented drugs (Neurotic drugs, Anti-Pregnancy drugs and Gastrointestinal drugs) were analyzed, using deep learning method. To this end, typical users' comments on drugs' side effects, during last decades, were collected from the website “Ask a patient”. Then, the data on drugs were classified based on deep learning model (HAN) and the drugs' side effect. And the main topics of side effects for each group of drugs were identified and reported, through Sider and WebMD websites. Our model demonstrates its ability to accurately describe and label side effects in a temporal text corpus by a deep learning classifier which is shown to be an effective method to precisely discover the association between drugs and their side effects. Moreover, this model has the capability to immediately locate information in reference sites to recognize the side effect of new drugs, applicable for drug companies. This study suggests that the sensitivity of internet users and the diverse scientific findings are for the benefit of dis¬tinct detection of adverse effects of drugs, and deep learning would facilitate it

Association between social cognitive theory constructs and fruit and vegetable's consumption in adolescent girls

Background: Unfortunately just a few numbers of children and adolescents use sufficient amounts of fruit and vegtabless. This study aimed to investigate the Association between social cognitive theory constructs and fruit and vegetables consumption in adolescent girls. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive analytic study conducted on 308 high school girls (first grade) who were selected by cluster sampling method in Shahrekord, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. A researcher made questionnaire was used to collect the needed data like demographic variables, substructures of perceived self-efficacy, outcome expectations and outcome evaluation. In order to investigate the fruit and vegetables consumption status, the standard questionnaire of Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used. The data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 software. Results: The mean scores of outcome expectation, outcome evaluation and perceived self-efficacy were 35.52±16.26, 34.60±20.21 and 32.55±19.81, respectively of the total score of 100. The mean scores of fruit and vegetables consumption and vegetables consumption were reported as 1.45±0.68 and 1.47±0.95, respectively, as well. There was a direct significant correlation between adolescents' perceived self-efficacy and outcome expectations (P = 0.034, r = 0.040). A direct significant correlation was also observed between fruit consumption and both outcome evaluation (P = 0. 033, r = 0.012), and perceived self-efficacy (P = 0.051, r =0.064). Conclusion: Regarding the status of fruit and vegetables consumption and the mean scores of social cognitive theory constructs and relationship between them and also the importance of promoting healthy diet in the critical period of adolescence, it seems necessary to use efficient patterns and theories of health education and promotion has been considered

Effect of polyamines on thermal inactivation of hen egg white lysozyme

     Lysozyme is considered as part of the innate immune system. It has stimulated considerable interest as a natural food preservative. Lysozyme has been shown to be effective in preserving a variety of foods such as fresh fruits and vegetables, meats, seafood and wine, for which many Japanese patents have been granted. The relatively high thermal stability of lysozyme also makes it attractive for use in pasteurized and heat-sterilized food products, possibly allowing reduced thermal processes, and therefore, minimized nutritional and sensory quality loss. In this study, we investigated effect of polyamines on the thermal inactivation of lysozyme by kinetics curves. Our results showed that polyamines can decrease the thermal inactivation of lysozyme; the effect of spermine on the thermal inactivation of lysozyme was more than that of the spermidine.

The Prevalence of Domestic Violence and Its Association with Gestational Hypertension in Pregnant women

Background: Violence against women forms one of the most brutal consequences of the economic, social, political, and cultural inequalities that exist between men and women. Violence can lead to less participation in social activities, unhappiness, emotional distress, and increased risks of maternal medical conditions such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, which are leading causes of maternal mortality worldwide.Methods: We conducted a case–control study at Shahid-Beheshti hospital in Maragheh, Azarbaijan, Iran. About 110 women with pregnancy revealed hypertension and proteinuria (i.e., preeclampsia), and 451 normotensive women were interviewed to identify the prevalence of domestic violence. Information concerning women’s exposure to physical, emotional, and sexual violence during pregnancy was collected during personal interviews conducted after delivery and while patients were in hospital. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated from logistic regression models.Results: The prevalence of IPV was 56.1% among cases and 24.3% among controls. Women with some exposure to IPV during pregnancy revealed a 2.07-fold increased risk of preeclampsia compared to those who were not exposed to IPV (OR=2.07; 95% CI: 1.5–3.02). The association between IPV and preeclampsia was strengthened slightly after adjusting for maternal age, parity and pre-pregnancy adiposity (OR=2.43; 95% CI: 1.7–3.24).Conclusions: Violence as a social issue is affected by social and cultural diferences .So that ,empowering of women and adolscents as a group that by knowing the factors that lead to the violence and its probable effects ,we can prevent it

The Effects of Parental Socioeconomic Status on Children’ Physical Activity: Mediating Role of Motivation

Background: An important determinant of health and wellbeing is socioeconomic status as it can influence an individual’s exposure to several risk factors across the lifespan. Previous studies, using the self-report scales, have demonstrated that parental socioeconomic status is associated with physical activity in children. However, due to limitations of self-reporting methods, we aimed to assess the association between the parental socioeconomic statuses with accelerometer-measured physical activity among children. Motivation was included as a mediator.Method: 126 participants (45 girls, mean age of 10.92±1.89 years) wore the accelerometer for seven consecutive days. Parental socioeconomic status was measured by two items, namely, the parents’ education level and household income. The Intrinsic Motivation Scale was applied to measure motivation. Structural equation modeling was performed to analyze data.Results: 74% of our sample was at medium level of parental socioeconomic status. Accelerometer data demonstrated that children spent 74.29% of the total time in sedentary behaviors, 17.20% in light physical activity, and 8.81% in Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA). On average, the daily time spent in MVPA was 45.19 minutes, which is below the WHO guideline. In fact, 27.7% (n=35) of children fulfilled the guideline. The results showed that parental socioeconomic status had significant effects on motivation (T=4.129) and MVPA (T=5.097). Moreover, motivation had a significant effect on MVPA (T=2.679). Finally, motivation significantly mediated the association between socioeconomic status and MVPA (P<0.001).Conclusion: As demonstrated in the findings, the socioeconomic statuses of parents and physical activity have become critical concerns about children. Accordingly, in order to increase the level of MVPA among children, large scale programs should be developed by the stakeholders to increase the parents’ socioeconomic status level

The Prevalence of Domestic Violence and Its Association with Gestational Hypertension in Pregnant women

Background: Violence against women forms one of the most brutal consequences of the economic, social, political, and cultural inequalities that exist between men and women. Violence can lead to less participation in social activities, unhappiness, emotional distress, and increased risks of maternal medical conditions such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, which are leading causes of maternal mortality worldwide.Methods: We conducted a case–control study at Shahid-Beheshti hospital in Maragheh, Azarbaijan, Iran. About 110 women with pregnancy revealed hypertension and proteinuria (i.e., preeclampsia), and 451 normotensive women were interviewed to identify the prevalence of domestic violence. Information concerning women’s exposure to physical, emotional, and sexual violence during pregnancy was collected during personal interviews conducted after delivery and while patients were in hospital. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated from logistic regression models.Results: The prevalence of IPV was 56.1% among cases and 24.3% among controls. Women with some exposure to IPV during pregnancy revealed a 2.07-fold increased risk of preeclampsia compared to those who were not exposed to IPV (OR=2.07; 95% CI: 1.5–3.02). The association between IPV and preeclampsia was strengthened slightly after adjusting for maternal age, parity and pre-pregnancy adiposity (OR=2.43; 95% CI: 1.7–3.24).Conclusions: Violence as a social issue is affected by social and cultural diferences .So that ,empowering of women and adolscents as a group that by knowing the factors that lead to the violence and its probable effects ,we can prevent it

Correlation between Physical Activity and Depression, Perceived Health, Physical Function, and Quality of Life in Older Women with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Background: While the beneficial effects of PA on the mental and physical well-being of elderly individuals are recognized, there has been little focus on its effects on older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Therefore, the objective of this investigation was to examine the correlations between physical activity (PA) and depression, perceived health, physical function, and quality of life (QoL) among older women with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).Methods: This study employed a descriptive-correlation design. The statistical population comprised women with MCI (scoring 21 to 24 on the Mini–Mental State Examination) over 65 years residing in nursing homes in Tehran, Iran in 2023. The sample of this study consisted of 334 women (mean age=69.12±3.68) with MCI who were selected using a purposive sampling method. Standard tools were utilized for measuring PA, depression, balance, muscle strength, and QoL, respectively. Perceived health status was assessed using one item. Pearson correlation test and independent t-test were employed for data analysis.Results: The results showed that 66% of the entire sample suffered from depression. The participants engaged, on average, in 14.69 minutes of moderate physical activity (MPA) per day. Only 22% of the participants met the WHO’s guidelines of 30 minutes of MPA daily. It was found that higher MPA was significantly correlated with lower depression (P<0.001) and higher perceived health, physical function (both balance and muscle strength), and QoL (all P<0.001). On the other hand, higher sedentary time was significantly correlated with higher depression (P<0.001) and lower perceived health, physical function (both balance and muscle strength), and QoL (all P<0.001).Conclusions: The results suggested that strategies to improve health-oriented PA status in the elderly with MCI are necessary. In this regard, it is especially recommended that nurses plan recreational physical and sports activities for the elderly in groups or individually so that they can enjoy the benefits of PA

Oligodendrogliogenesis and axon remyelination after traumatic spinal cord injuries in animal studies: a systematic review

© 2019 IBRO Extensive oligodendrocyte death after acute traumatic spinal cord injuries (TSCI) leads to axon demyelination and subsequently may leave axons vulnerable to degeneration. Despite the present evidence showing spontaneous remyelination after TSCI the cellular origin of new myelin and the time course of the axon ensheathment/remyelination remained controversial issue. In this systematic review the trend of oligodendrocyte death after injury as well as the extent and the cellular origin of oligodendrogliogenesis were comprehensively evaluated. The study design was based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA)-guided systematic review. PubMed and EMBASE were searched with no temporal or linguistic restrictions. Also, hand-search was performed in the bibliographies of relevant articles. Non-interventional animal studies discussing different types of myelinating cells including oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) were evaluated. The extent of oligodendrocyte death, oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination were the pathophysiological outcome measures. We found 12,359 studies, 34 of which met the inclusion criteria. The cumulative evidence shows extensive oligodendrocytes cell death during the first week post-injury (pi). OPCs and peripheral invading Schwann cells are the dominant cells contributing in myelin formation. The maximum OPC proliferation was observed at around 2 weeks pi and oligodendrogliogenesis continues at later stages until the number of oligodendrocytes return to normal tissue by one month pi. Taken together, the evidence in animals reveals the potential role for endogenous myelinating cells in the axon ensheathment/remyelination after TSCI and this can be the target of pharmacotherapy to induce oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin formation post-injury