Relationship between the Patients’ Setup Errors with Dosimetric and Radiobiologic Parameters in Whole Breast Radiotherapy

parameters for left-sided Whole-Breast Irradiation (WBI) in three different radiotherapy techniques, including Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT), Field-In-Field (FIF), and Conventional Wedge (CW). Materials and Methods: Computed Tomography (CT) images of 10 female patients with early-stage left-sided breast cancer were used to simulate different radiotherapy techniques (IMRT, FIF, and CW). The dosimetric parameters; Conformity Index (CI), Homogeneity Index (HI), the dose received by at least 95% (D95%) of Planning Tumor Volume (PTV), the volume of lung and heart that respectively received at least 20% (V20%) and 40% (V40%) of the prescribed dose, as well as, the radiobiologic parameters, including Tumor Control Probability (TCP) and Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) were assessed for setup errors in patients. The setup errors were assessed by shifting the isocenters and gantry angles of the treatment plans. Results: The D95% of the PTV for an isocenter misplacement plan in the posterior direction decreased by 66.99 (IMRT), 71.86 (CW), and 68.25% (FIF). The TCP of the PTV was reduced by 26.66, 39.16, and 36.97% for IMRT, CW, and FIF techniques, respectively. Increasing gantry angle by a ±10 degree caused a 43%, 41%, and 41% decrease in the D95% of IMRT, FIF, and CW techniques, respectively. The TCP values decreased about 18% in all three techniques with a ±10 degree gantry angle shift; however, the NTCP values of the heart and lungs increased for all three methods. The CI and HI values had significantly more changes with increasing setup errors in the IMRT than in the two techniques. Conclusion: The radiobiologic parameters in IMRT were less sensitive to setup errors compared to FIF and CW techniques. The radiobiological parameters can help estimate the setup errors along with physical parameters during breast radiotherapy

The moderating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in relation between spiritual/religious perfectionism with mental health indices and depression/anxiety symptoms

Background: A great majority of research has extensively identified that maladaptive perfectionism is highly related to more negative emotions, anxiety, hostility and shame. In comparison to this kind of maladaptive perfectionism, religious/spiritual perfectionism is a new term which has recently been introduced as an adaptive type of perfectionism but its effects on mental health indices and depression/anxiety symptoms have only been explored in few studies. Aims: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the moderating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between spiritual/religious perfectionism with mental health indices and depression/anxiety symptoms. Methods: A total of 510 individuals (381 men, 126 women) participated in the study. Participants were asked to complete an onlie questionnaire including the Mental Health Invetory-28 (Veit & Ware, 1983), Depression/Anxiety/Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), (Spiritual/Religious Perfectionism Scale-14 (Besharat, 2019), and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006; Garnefski, Kraaij, & Spinhoven, 2001). Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Hierarchical Linear Regression were used to analyze the data. Results: Result showed that spiritual/religious perfectionism had a significant positive association with mental well-being and a significant negative association with mental distress and depression/anxiety symptoms (p<0.01). Result also revealed that although the relationship between spiritual/religious perfectionism with mental health indices and depression was not moderated by cognitive emotion regulation strategies, the relation between this kind of perfectionism and anxiety was moderated by maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (p<0.01). Conclusion: Spiritual/religious perfectionism is an adaptive dimension of perfectionism and people who experience higher degrees of this type of perfectionism do not experience negative emotions, anxiety, and depression when they experience failure to achieve spiritual and religious perfection. Now, if some of these people use maladaptive emotion regulation strategies to regulate their unpleasant emotions, their anxiety will increase

DNA-based Nanostructures as Novelty in Biomedicine

The application of nanocarriers in medicine and pharmaceuticals suggests a new procedure in nanotechnologyterminology, nanomedicine. DNA has been significantly highlighted due to its amazing functionality and natureas a nanomaterial in biomedicine. Given that DNA is biocompatible, its use as a nanomaterial in medicineprovides an excellent prospect for the rational engineering of DNA nanostructures. According to newapproaches in disease treatment at gene levels, gene therapy, DNA as a nanomedicine plays an essential role inthe medical sciences. In this field, researchers have published enormous documents regarding the applicationsof DNA and DNA-based nanostructures as drug or gene nanocarriers, DNA-based diagnostics, and DNA nanovaccines. In this review, the novelty of DNA-based nanomedicine has been considered

Does Opium Dependency Affect the Pattern of Involvement in Laryngeal Cancer?

Introduction: Laryngeal cancer is the second most common cancer involving the respiratory tract, second only to lung cancer. Previous studies have shown opium dependency to be a possible risk factor for laryngeal cancer. Opium consumption is a major problem in some parts of the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of opium consumption on the pattern of involvement in laryngeal cancer.   Methods and materials: In this analytical cross-sectional study, 44 patients diagnosed with laryngeal cancer (41 male and three female) were studied. Data were collected using a questionnaire, physical examination, and paraclinical studies. Patients were defined as opium dependent based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) (DSM-IV) criteria and duration of opium consumption.   Results: Patients were categorized into two groups: opium-dependent (32.6%) and non-opium-dependent (67.4%) patients. The average age of the patients was 58.5±3.2 years in the opium-dependent group and 60.7±2.8 years in the non-opium-dependent group (P=non-significant). An analysis of the pattern of involvement in each group showed glottis involvement in 56%, subglottis involvement in 8%, supraglottis involvement in 32%, and hypopharyngeal involvement in 4% of the opium-dependent group compared with glottis involvement in 55.9%, subglottis involvement in 11.8%, supraglottis involvement in 32.4%, and hypopharyngeal involvement in none of the non-opium-dependent group (P=non-significant).   Conclusion: There was a poor correlation between opium dependency and pattern of involvement in laryngeal cancer. Opium dependency did not lead to the development of laryngeal cancer at a younger age, based on our study