Effect of EGCG on granule cell proliferation in the adult dentate gyrus of the Ts65Dn mouse

poster abstractDown syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic disorder that results in cognitive abnormalities and occurs in approximately 1 in 700 live births. This disorder is caused by an extra copy of human chromosome 21 (Hsa21) which increases the dosage of the genes on that chromosome. Ts65Dn mice, which are the most studied mouse model for DS, are trisomic for segments of mouse chromosome 16 (Mmu16) which contain approximately half the genes found on Hsa21. These mice express some of the physical and behavioral abnormalities associated with DS. Previous research has shown impaired performance of Ts65Dn mice in hippocampaldependent tasks, such as in the radial arm maze task, compared to euploid control mice. Success in such tasks is thought to depend on the ability of the hippocampus to generate granule cells within the dentate gyrus. Young granule cells are highly active after integration and are required for memory formation. Previous research shows that Ts65Dn have a reduction in the formation of granule cells which leads us to hypothesize that Ts65Dn mice will perform worse in the radial arm maze compared to euploid controls. This leads us to conclude that Ts65Dn mice have reduced granule cell proliferation relative to controls. We are investigating the effects of EGCG, a polyphenolic component of green tea, on granule cell proliferation in adult mice. Different pathways are suggested to be effected by EGCG, such as by inhibiting Dyrk1a that is overproduced in DS mice or by up-regulation of the sonic hedgehog receptor Patched. Using BrdU peroxidase immunohistochemistry to label newly generated granule cells in the adult mouse dentate gyrus, we hypothesize that EGCG will increase cell proliferation in the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus

Hybrid mamdani fuzzy rules and convolutional neural networks for analysis and identification of animal images

Accurate, fast, and automatic detection and classification of animal images is challenging, but it is much needed for many real-life applications. This paper presents a hybrid model of Mamdani Type-2 fuzzy rules and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) applied to identify and distinguish various animals using different datasets consisting of about 27,307 images. The proposed system utilizes fuzzy rules to detect the image and then apply the CNN model for the object’s predicate category. The CNN model was trained and tested based on more than 21,846 pictures of animals. The experiments’ results of the proposed method offered high speed and efficiency, which could be a prominent aspect in designing image-processing systems based on Type 2 fuzzy rules characterization for identifying fixed and moving images. The proposed fuzzy method obtained an accuracy rate for identifying and recognizing moving objects of 98% and a mean square error of 0.1183464 less than other studies. It also achieved a very high rate of correctly predicting malicious objects equal to recall = 0.98121 and a precision rate of 1. The test’s accuracy was evaluated using the F1 Score, which obtained a high percentage of 0.99052

Deep learning versus spectral techniques for frequency estimation of single tones: Reduced complexity for software-defined radio and iot sensor communications

Despite the increasing role of machine learning in various fields, very few works considered artificial intelligence for frequency estimation (FE). This work presents comprehensive analysis of a deep-learning (DL) approach for frequency estimation of single tones. A DL network with two layers having a few nodes can estimate frequency more accurately than well-known classical techniques can. While filling the gap in the existing literature, the study is comprehensive, analyzing errors under different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), numbers of nodes, and numbers of input samples under missing SNR information. DL-based FE is not significantly affected by SNR bias or number of nodes. A DL-based approach can properly work using a minimal number of input nodes N at which classical methods fail. DL could use as few as two layers while having two or three nodes for each, with the complexity of O{N} compared with discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-based FE with O{Nlog2 (N)} complexity. Furthermore, less N is required for DL. Therefore, DL can significantly reduce FE complexity, memory cost, and power consumption, which is attractive for resource-limited systems such as some Internet of Things (IoT) sensor applications. Reduced complexity also opens the door for hardware-efficient implementation using short-word-length (SWL) or time-efficient software-defined radio (SDR) communications

Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in Kenya: MYC, BCL2, and the Cell of Origin

Purpose: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most commonly diagnosed non-Hodgkin lymphoma in adults in Kenya. Cell of origin (COO) and double expression of MYC and BCL2 are two important prognostic factors for DLBCL. A small subset (5% to 10%) of DLBCL cases show positivity for CD5 and are associated with poor prognosis, whereas CD30 antigen, seen in up to 10% of cases, may be a useful target for therapy. We sought to determine the prevalence of MYC/BCL2 double expression, COO, and proportion of Epstein-Barr virus positivity among patients with DLBCL diagnosed at a tertiary referral laboratory in Kenya. Patients and Methods: All cases of DLBCL diagnosed from 2012 through 2015 in our pathology department were analyzed. Tumor tissue microarray sections were stained with CD20, CD3, CD5, CD30, BCL2, BCL6, CD10, MUM1, MYC, and Ki67, classified for COO on the basis of the Hans algorithm, and subjected to Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs in situ hybridization. Results: Among 165 DLBCL cases, the median age was 50 years, and there was no sex predilection. Only 18 (10.9%) cases showed double expression for MYC and BCL2. Germinal center B (GCB)-cell type DLBCL accounted for 67 cases (40.6%) and 97 cases (59.4%) were classified as non-GCB. The mean Ki67 proliferation index was significantly higher in the double-expressing (45%) and non-GCB groups (36%) compared with the non-double-expressing group (29%) and GCB group (26%). Sixteen cases (9.7%) were Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs positive, 12 (75%) of which were non-GCB. Conclusion: DLBCL in Kenya is seen in much younger patients with the poor prognostic non-GCB-type accounting for 59.4% of cases. MYC and BCL2 double expression was seen in fewer tumors than reported in the literature and in significantly older patients

Audio Encryption Framework Using the Laplace Transformation

Digital information, especially multimedia and its applications, has grown exponentially in recent years. It is important to strengthen sophisticated encryption algorithms due to the security needs of these innovative systems. The security of real-time audio applications is ensured in the present study through a framework for encryption. The design framework protects the confidentiality and integrity of voice communications by encrypting audio applications. A modern method of securing communication and protecting data is cryptography. Using cryptography is one of the most important techniques for protecting data and ensuring the security of messaging. The main purpose of this paper is to present a novel encryption scheme that can be used in real-time audio applications. We encrypt the sound using a combination of an infinite series of hyperbolic functions and the Laplace transform, and then decrypt it using the inverse Laplace transform. The modular arithmetic rules are used to generate the key for the coefficients acquired from the transformation. There is no loss of data or noise in the decryption sound. We also put several sound examples to the tes

PERHITUNGAN MUATAN BATU BARA DENGAN METODE DRAFT SURVEY DI MV. SHANTHI INDAH

ABSTRAKSI Zulhafiz Zahir Rasyid, 2019, NIT: 51145234 N, “Perhitungan muatan batu bara dengan metode draft survey di MV. Shanthi Indah”, Program studi Nautika, Program Diploma IV, Politeknik Ilmu Pelayaran Semarang, Pembimbing I: Capt. I Kadek Laju, S.H, M.M, M.Mar, Pembimbing II: Poernomo Dwiatmojo, S.H, M.H. Draft Survey merupakan sarana penting dalam perhitungan jumlah muatan yang telah dimuat atau dibongkar dari kapal, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk prosedur pelaksanaan perhitungan jumlah muatan, cara perhitungan draft survey antara cara manual dan dengan rumus program di MV. Shanthi Indah. Constant merupakan nilai berat di atas kapal yang tidak dapat diperkirakan, constant dihitung setelah pelaksanaan initial draft survey pada saat kapal tiba di pelabuhan muat. Sedangkan total cargo dapat dihitung setelah pelaksanaan final draft survey yang dilakukan setelah kegiatan memuat selesai dilaksanakan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara. Prosedur data yang diarahkan untuk menjawab rumusan masalah telah dirumuskan dalam proposal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) prioritas prosedur pelaksanaan perhitungan jumlah muatan draft survey di MV. Shanthi Indah (2) cara perhitungan draft survey yang diterapkan di MV. Shanthi Indah dengan menerapkan koreksi draft, trim dan density. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (a) prosedur pelaksanaan perhitungan jumlah muatan draft survey di MV. Shanthi Indah sesuai dengan ketetapan UN ECE, (b) keseluruhan cara perhitungan draft survey di MV. Shanthi Indah sesuai dengan cara perhitungan draft survey UN ECE forms. ABSTRACT ZulhafizZahirRasyid, 2019, NIT: 51145234 N, “Calculation of coal load with the draft survey method in MV. Shanthi Indah”,NauticalDeepartment, Diploma IV Program, Merchant Marine Polytechnic of Semarang, Material Advicer(I): Capt. I KadekLaju, S.H, M.M, M.Mar., Methodology Advicer (II): PoernomoDwiatmojo, S.H, M.H. Draft Survey is an important means in calculating the loaded cargo or unloaded cargo from the vessel, this research goals are to know the steps of procedure for calculating total cargo, how to calculate the draft survey and the cause of differences in the results of calculations between the manual and the formula of the program in the MV. Shanthi Indah.Constant is weight on board that undetermined, constant calculated after the implementation of the initial draft survey at the time the vessels at the loading port, while the total cargo can be calculated after the final draft survey conducted when the loading activity has been completed. The research method used is quantitative, with data collection techniques based on the results of observations and interviews. Data procedure directed to answer the problem formulation has been formulated in the proposal. The results of the study show (1) priority procedure for calculating the draft survey loads in the MV. Shanthi Indah (2) how to calculate the draft survey applied in the MV. Shanthi Indah by applying draft, trim and density corrections. The conclusion of this study shows that (a) the implementation procedure for calculating the total draft survey loads in the MV. Shanthi Indah is in accordance with the provisions of the UN ECE, (b) the overall method of calculating the draft survey in the MV. Shanthi Indah according to how to calculate the draft survey of the UN ECE forms

Experimental assessment of a novel eutectic binary molten salt-based hexagonal boron nitride nanocomposite as a promising PCM with enhanced specific heat capacity

In this study, novel nanocomposites containing the pre-defined mass ratio of binary molten salt (NaNO3-KNO3: 60-40 wt. %) dispersed with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanoparticles with nominal size of 70 nm, were prepared through one-phase preparation method. Four different types of samples including pure binary molten salt and binary molten salt-based hBN nanocomposites with loading concentrations of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 wt. % were prepared. The proposed amount of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate was added to certain amount of DI water, comprising with 0.5, 1 and 1.5 wt. % concentration of hBN nanoparticles. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) was conducted to evaluate the uniformity of the synthesized binary molten salt-based hBN nanocomposites. The SEM images revealed uniform dispersion of hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles and fractal-like structures were observed clearly. Specific heat capacity (cp) and melting temperature measurements were performed using a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The experimental achieved data for melting temperature proved that hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles do not affect the melting temperature of the synthesized nanocomposites. The experimentally achieved data for the average cp values of the binary molten salt in solid and liquid phases were 1.14 and 1.13 J/g K, respectively. While, the average cp values for the binary molten salt-based hBN nanocomposite with the highest loading concentration of nanoparticles (1.5 wt. %) in solid and liquid phases were 2 and 3.17 J/g K, respectively. The measured average cp value in the liquid phase for binary molten salt-based hBN nanocomposite with the highest loading concentration (1.5 wt. %) of nanoparticles revealed enhancement of ~180% in comparison with pure binary molten salt. Thermal stability measurements expressed enhancement of thermal stability in binary molten salt induced with hBN nanoparticles. Binary molten salt-based hBN nanocomposite with loading concentration of 1.5 wt. % represented ~16% enhancement in thermal stability over the binary molten salt