Explanation for twin tunnelling-induced surface settlements by changes in soil stiffness on account of stress history

In this article, a group of representative centrifuge tests were selected for numerical modelling to explain the surface settlements induced by sequential twin tunnelling. Both Modified Cam Clay model (MCC) and Three-Surface Kinematic Hardening model (3-SKH) were adopted in the simulation, which indicated the use of 3-SKH model conduced to mimicking more closely centrifuge model response. Via performing more contrastive numerical analyses with 3-SKH model, the influence of the first tunnel event on the stiffness of the soil around the second tunnel was quantitatively investigated, whereby the mechanism behind the observed surface settlements was finally made clear

Deltaron Dibaryon Structure in Chiral SU(3) Quark Model

We discuss the structure of Deltaron dibaryon in the chiral SU(3) quark model. The energy of Deltaron is obtained by considering the coupling of the $\Delta\Delta$ and $CC$ (hidden color) channels. The effects of various parameters on the Deltaron mass are also studied. It is shown that the mass of Deltaron is lower than the mass of $\Delta\Delta$ but higher than the mass of $\Delta N \pi$.Comment: 15 pages, Late

Preparation and characterization of diamond–silicon carbide–silicon composites by gaseous silicon vacuum infiltration process

Diamond–SiC–Si composites have been prepared using gaseous silicon vacuum infiltration. The evolution of the phases and microstructures of the composites have been analyzed using X-ray diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy. It has been found that the diamond–SiC–Si composite is composed of β-SiC, diamond, and residual Si. The diamond particles were distributed homogeneously in the dense matrix of the composites. Besides, the effects of particle size and content of diamond on the properties of diamond–SiC–Si composites have been analyzed. The thermal conductivity of the composites increases with particle size and content of diamond. When the particle size and content of diamond are 300 µm and 80 wt %, respectively, the thermal conductivity of the composites approaches the value of 280 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹.Проведен анализ эволюции фаз и микроструктуры композитов алмаз–SiC–Si, изготовленных с использованием процесса вакуумной инфильтрации газообразного кремния. Исследование выполнено с помощью дифракции рентгеновских лучей и сканирующей электронной микроскопии. Установлено, что композит алмаз–SiC–Si состоит из β-SiC, алмаза и остаточного Si. Алмазные частицы распределены однородно в плотной матрице композитов. Также проанализировано влияние размера частиц и содержания алмазов на свойства композитов алмаз–SiC–Si. Показано, что теплопроводность композитов возрастает с увеличением размера частиц и содержания алмазов. Теплопроводность композитов приближается к значению 280 Вт∙м⁻¹∙K⁻¹ при размере частиц и содержании алмаза 300 мкм и 80 % (по массе), соответственно.Проведено аналіз еволюції фаз і мікроструктури композитів алмаз–SiC–Si, виготовлених з використанням процесу вакуумної інфільтрації газоподібного кремнію. Дослідження виконано за допомогою дифракції рентгенівських променів і скануючої електронної мікроскопії. Встановлено, що композит алмаз–SiC–Si складається з β-SiC, алмазу і залишкового Si. Алмазні частки розподілені однорідно в щільній матриці композитів. Також проаналізовано вплив розміру частинок і вмісту алмазів на властивості композитів алмаз–SiC–Si. Показано, що теплопровідність композитів зростає зі збільшенням розміру частинок і вмісту алмазів. Теплопровідність композитів наближається до значення 280 Вт∙м⁻¹∙K⁻¹ при розмірі частинок і вмісту алмазу 300 мкм і 80 % (за масою) відповідно.This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 51102282) and Aid Program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in Higher Educational Institutions of Hunan Province

LSGAN-AT: enhancing malware detector robustness against adversarial examples

Adversarial Malware Example (AME)-based adversarial training can effectively enhance the robustness of Machine Learning (ML)-based malware detectors against AME. AME quality is a key factor to the robustness enhancement. Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) is a kind of AME generation method, but the existing GAN-based AME generation methods have the issues of inadequate optimization, mode collapse and training instability. In this paper, we propose a novel approach (denote as LSGAN-AT) to enhance ML-based malware detector robustness against Adversarial Examples, which includes LSGAN module and AT module. LSGAN module can generate more effective and smoother AME by utilizing brand-new network structures and Least Square (LS) loss to optimize boundary samples. AT module makes adversarial training using AME generated by LSGAN to generate ML-based Robust Malware Detector (RMD). Extensive experiment results validate the better transferability of AME in terms of attacking 6 ML detectors and the RMD transferability in terms of resisting the MalGAN black-box attack. The results also verify the performance of the generated RMD in the recognition rate of AME. © 2021, The Author(s)

An Algorithm for Probabilistic Alternating Simulation

In probabilistic game structures, probabilistic alternating simulation (PA-simulation) relations preserve formulas defined in probabilistic alternating-time temporal logic with respect to the behaviour of a subset of players. We propose a partition based algorithm for computing the largest PA-simulation, which is to our knowledge the first such algorithm that works in polynomial time, by extending the generalised coarsest partition problem (GCPP) in a game-based setting with mixed strategies. The algorithm has higher complexities than those in the literature for non-probabilistic simulation and probabilistic simulation without mixed actions, but slightly improves the existing result for computing probabilistic simulation with respect to mixed actions.Comment: We've fixed a problem in the SOFSEM'12 conference versio

Superconductivity and non-metallicity induced by doping the topological insulators Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3

We show that by Ca-doping the Bi2Se3 topological insulator, the Fermi level can be fine tuned to fall inside the band gap and therefore suppress the bulk conductivity. Non-metallic Bi2Se3 crystals are obtained. On the other hand, the Bi2Se3 topological insulator can also be induced to become a bulk superconductor, with Tc ~ 3.8 K, by copper intercalation in the van der Waals gaps between the Bi2Se3 layers. Likewise, an as-grown crystal of metallic Bi2Te3 can be turned into a non-metallic crystal by slight variation of the Te content. The Bi2Te3 topological insulator shows small amounts of superconductivity with Tc ~ 5.5 K when reacted with Pd to form materials of the type PdxBi2Te3

Large scale numerical investigation of excited states in poly(phenylene)

A density matrix renormalisation group scheme is developed, allowing for the first time essentially exact numerical solutions for the important excited states of a realistic semi-empirical model for oligo-phenylenes. By monitoring the evolution of the energies with chain length and comparing them to the experimental absorption peaks of oligomers and thin films, we assign the four characteristic absorption peaks of phenyl-based polymers. We also determine the position and nature of the nonlinear optical states in this model.Comment: RevTeX, 10 pages, 4 eps figures included using eps

Stochastic Lagrangian Particle Approach to Fractal Navier-Stokes Equations

In this article we study the fractal Navier-Stokes equations by using stochastic Lagrangian particle path approach in Constantin and Iyer \cite{Co-Iy}. More precisely, a stochastic representation for the fractal Navier-Stokes equations is given in terms of stochastic differential equations driven by L\'evy processes. Basing on this representation, a self-contained proof for the existence of local unique solution for the fractal Navier-Stokes equation with initial data in \mW^{1,p} is provided, and in the case of two dimensions or large viscosity, the existence of global solution is also obtained. In order to obtain the global existence in any dimensions for large viscosity, the gradient estimates for L\'evy processes with time dependent and discontinuous drifts is proved.Comment: 19 page

Impurity corrections to the thermodynamics in spin chains using a transfer-matrix DMRG method

We use the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) for transfer matrices to numerically calculate impurity corrections to thermodynamic properties. The method is applied to two impurity models in the spin-1/2 chain, namely a weak link in the chain and an external impurity spin. The numerical analysis confirms the field theory calculations and gives new results for the crossover behavior.Comment: 9 pages in revtex format including 5 embedded figures (using epsf). To appear in PRB. The latest version in PDF format can be found at http://fy.chalmers.se/~eggert/papers/DMRGimp.pd

Estimates for measures of sections of convex bodies

A $\sqrt{n}$ estimate in the hyperplane problem with arbitrary measures has recently been proved in \cite{K3}. In this note we present analogs of this result for sections of lower dimensions and in the complex case. We deduce these inequalities from stability in comparison problems for different generalizations of intersection bodies