48 research outputs found
Avaliação da resistĂȘncia de clones de Eucalyptus camaldulensis DEHN. ao psilĂdeo-de-concha Glycaspis brimblecombei moore (Hemiptera: Psyllidae).
Seção: Silvicultura e Produção de Biomassa
Efeito da aplicação de diferentes fontes e doses de silĂcio, em plantio comercial de Eucalyptus camaldulensis na indução de resistĂȘncia a Glycaspis brimblecombei (Moore) (Hemiptera: Aphididae).
Resumo
ResistĂȘncia de clones de Eucalyptus ao psilĂdeo-de-concha.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resistĂȘncia de clones comerciais de E. camaldulensis e E. urophylla ao ataque de Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae). O experimento foi conduzido entre maio de 2007 e abril de 2008, em JoĂŁo Pinheiro, MG, com cinco clones de E. camaldulensis e cinco de E. urophylla. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, contendo 25 plantas por parcela, com quatro repetiçÔes. Mensalmente foram coletadas quatro folhas das nove plantas centrais de cada parcela, quantificando o nĂșmero de ovos e ninfas do inseto. As maiores mĂ©dias para ovos e ninfas foram observadas para os clones de E. camaldulensis, os quais foram classificados como altamente suscetĂveis ao ataque do psilĂdeo-de-concha. Os clones de E. urophylla apresentaram menores mĂ©dias para ovos e ninfas, sendo classificados como resistentes
Identification of potential leafhoppers vectors of phytoplasmas (16SrIII group) associated with broccoli stunt disease in Brazil.
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Previous issue date: 2015-01-14bitstream/item/115498/1/art-10.1007-s13313-014-0293-8.pd
Absorção e translocação de silĂcio em mudas de Eucalyptus camaldulensis.
A busca pela alta produtividade e qualidade de plantas de eucalipto que sejam mais resistentes ao ataque de insetos-praga vem sendo cada vez mais estudada. Dentro deste contexto, realizou-se o estudo da absorção e a translocação de silĂcio em plantas de Eucalyptus camaldulensis. O experimento foi realizado com o clone 58, em viveiro comercial da empresa Votorantim Siderurgia /Vazante ? MG, onde foi avaliada a aplicação de silĂcio via solo (silicato de cĂĄlcio) e via foliar (silicato de potĂĄssio), com trĂȘs doses diferentes. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com oito tratamentos, 20 repetiçÔes, totalizando 160 plantas. A avaliação do experimento foi realizada com base na anĂĄlise do teor de silĂcio presente no substrato (%) e na matĂ©ria seca das raĂzes e parte aĂ©rea das plantas (mg planta-1). Foram realizadas trĂȘs avaliaçÔes aos 30, 60 e 90 dias apĂłs aplicação das doses de silĂcio em folhas e raĂzes. Para o substrato foram realizadas quatro avaliaçÔes, sendo a primeira no dia da instalação do experimento (antes da aplicação de Si) e as demais aos 30, 60 e 90 dias apĂłs semeadura do eucalipto. Nas anĂĄlises foliares realizadas, os maiores valores em relação ao teor de silĂcio foram observados para o tratamento com aplicação de silicato de potĂĄssio (10mL/ planta), T8, que foi em mĂ©dia 3 vezes maior, quando comparado aos tratamentos sem aplicação de silĂcio (adubação padrĂŁo+110 gramas de CaO) ? T1 e sem aplicação de silĂcio (adubação padrĂŁo+1,71gramas de KCl) ? T2. Os tratamentos nĂŁo diferiram estatisticamente entre si nas avaliaçÔes realizadas, em relação Ă percentagem de silĂcio presente nas raĂzes de Eucalyptus camaldulensis. No substrato verificou-se um aumento significativo no teor do mineral aos 30, 60 e 90 dias, em função das doses crescentes de silicato, nas duas formas de aplicação, destacando o T8. Assim, foi possĂvel concluir que Eucalyptus camaldulensis Ă© capaz de absorver e translocar o mineral
Gut Bacterial Communities in the Giant Land Snail Achatina fulica and Their Modification by Sugarcane-Based Diet
The invasive land snail Achatina fulica is one of the most damaging agricultural pests worldwide representing a potentially serious threat to natural ecosystems and human health. This species is known to carry parasites and harbors a dense and metabolically active microbial community; however, little is known about its diversity and composition. Here, we assessed for the first time the complexity of bacterial communities occurring in the digestive tracts of field-collected snails (FC) by using culture-independent molecular analysis. Crop and intestinal bacteria in FC were then compared to those from groups of snails that were reared in the laboratory (RL) on a sugarcane-based diet. Most of the sequences recovered were novel and related to those reported for herbivorous gut. Changes in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were observed when the snails were fed a high-sugar diet, suggesting that the snail gut microbiota can influence the energy balance equation. Furthermore, this study represents a first step in gaining a better understanding of land snail gut microbiota and shows that this is a complex holobiont system containing diverse, abundant and active microbial communities
Patterns of deep-sea genetic connectivity in the New Zealand region : implications for management of benthic ecosystems
© The Author(s), 2012. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PLoS One 7 (2012): e49474, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049474.Patterns of genetic connectivity are increasingly considered in the design of marine protected areas (MPAs) in both shallow and deep water. In the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), deep-sea communities at upper bathyal depths (<2000 m) are vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbance from fishing and potential mining operations. Currently, patterns of genetic connectivity among deep-sea populations throughout New Zealandâs EEZ are not well understood. Using the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I and 16S rRNA genes as genetic markers, this study aimed to elucidate patterns of genetic connectivity among populations of two common benthic invertebrates with contrasting life history strategies. Populations of the squat lobster Munida gracilis and the polychaete Hyalinoecia longibranchiata were sampled from continental slope, seamount, and offshore rise habitats on the Chatham Rise, Hikurangi Margin, and Challenger Plateau. For the polychaete, significant population structure was detected among distinct populations on the Chatham Rise, the Hikurangi Margin, and the Challenger Plateau. Significant genetic differences existed between slope and seamount populations on the Hikurangi Margin, as did evidence of population differentiation between the northeast and southwest parts of the Chatham Rise. In contrast, no significant population structure was detected across the study area for the squat lobster. Patterns of genetic connectivity in Hyalinoecia longibranchiata are likely influenced by a number of factors including current regimes that operate on varying spatial and temporal scales to produce potential barriers to dispersal. The striking difference in population structure between species can be attributed to differences in life history strategies. The results of this study are discussed in the context of existing conservation areas that are intended to manage anthropogenic threats to deep-sea benthic communities in the New Zealand region.This work was funded in part by a Fulbright Fellowship administered by Fulbright New Zealand and the U.S. Department of State, awarded in 2011 to EKB. Funding and support for research expedition was provided by Land Information New Zealand, New Zealand Ministry of Fisheries, NIWA, Census of Marine Life on Seamounts (CenSeam), and the Foundation for Research, Science and Technology. Other research funding was provided by the New Zealand Ministry of Science and Innovation project âImpacts of resource use on vulnerable deep-sea communitiesâ (FRST contract CO1X0906), the National Science Foundation (OCE-0647612), and the Deep Ocean Exploration Institute (Fellowship support to TMS)