Expression of Green Fluorescence Protein (GFP) in Zebrafish Muscle through Injection: A Gene Therapy Model

Expression of the target gene is important for gene therapy. Presently, localized transgenesis is used for gene therapy which can be achieved by a target gene expression. Here, we have reported the plasmid mediated gene therapy to zebrafish model. For this purpose, we have chosen green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a target gene because the expression can be detected easily. GFP was inserted in a plasmid vector, pQE30 to develop the vector pQE30GFP. The plasmid pQE30GFP was constructed form plasmid, pQE30 and pEGFPC2. pQE30GFP injected directly in one group of fish into the muscle where luciferase expression was noted. In another group, after injection electroporation was performed where we have also noted luciferase expression; but, electroporation cause muscle injury to the zebrafish. In our case, the expression was very strong at the site of injection in first group in compare to electroporation group and in both the cases expression was stable more than two weeks

Bilateral Waveform Similarity Overlap-and-Add Based Packet Loss Concealment for Voice over IP

This paper invested a bilateral waveform similarity overlap-and-add algorithm for voice packet lost. Since Packet lost will cause the semantic misunderstanding, it has become one of the most essential problems in speech communication. This investment is based on waveform similarity measure using overlap-and-Add algorithm and provides the bilateral information to enhance the speech signal reconstruction. Traditionally, it has been improved that waveform similarity overlap-and-add (WSOLA) technique is an effective algorithm to deal with packet loss concealment (PLC) for real-time time communication. WSOLA algorithm is widely applied to deal with the length adaptation and packet loss concealment of speech signal. Time scale modification of audio signal is one of the most essential research topics in data communication, especially in voice of IP (VoIP). Herein, the proposed the bilateral WSOLA (BWSOLA) that is derived from WSOLA. Instead of only exploitation one direction speech data, the proposed method will reconstruct the lost voice data according to the preceding and cascading data. The related algorithms have been developed to achieve the optimal reconstructing estimation. The experimental results show that the quality of the reconstructed speech signal of the bilateral WSOLA is much better compared to the standard WSOLA and GWSOLA on different packet loss rate and length using the metrics PESQ and MOS. The significant improvement is obtained by bilateral information and proposed method. The proposed bilateral waveform similarity overlap-and-add (BWSOLA) outperforms the traditional approaches especially in the long duration data loss

Формування субрегіонів як напрям підвищення конкурентоспроможності та інвестиційної активності території

Характерною особливістю регіону є виконання ним не тільки економічних, а й соціальних функцій. Саме тут криється принципова відмінність між різними ланками відтворювального процесу. Кінцева мета відтворювального процесу регіону – матеріальний добробут населення, покращення навколишнього середовища, створення нормальних умов для праці й відпочинку, можливостей духовного розвитку особи і т. п

Multi-neutron transfer coupling in sub-barrier 32S+90,96Zr fusion reactions

The role of neutron transfers is investigated in the fusion process below the Coulomb barrier by analyzing 32S+90Zr and 32S+96Zr as benchmark reactions. A full coupled-channel calculation of the fusion excitation functions has been performed for both systems by using multi-neutron transfer coupling for the more neutron-rich reaction. The enhancement of fusion cross sections for 32S+96Zr is well reproduced at sub-barrier energies by NTFus code calculations including the coupling of the neutron-transfer channels following the Zagrebaev semiclassical model. We found similar effects for 40Ca+90Zr and 40Ca+96Zr fusion excitation functions.Comment: Minor corrections, 11 pages, 4 figures, Fusion11 Conference, Saint Malo, France, 2-6 mai 201

Quantitative structure-activity relationships for the pre-steady state of Pseudomonas species lipase inhibitions by p-nirophenyl-N-substituted carbamates

The pre-steady states of Pseudomonas species lipase inhibitions by p-nitrophenyl-N-substituted carbamates (1-6) are composed of two steps: (1) formation of the non-covalent enzyme-inhibitor complex (E:I) from the inhibitor and the enzyme and (2) formation of the tetrahedral enzyme-inhibitor adduct (E-I) from the E:I complex. From a stopped-flow apparatus, the dissociation constant for the E:I complex, K-S, and the rate constant for formation of the tetrahedral E-I adduct from the E:I complex, k(2) are obtained from the non-linear least-squares of curve fittings of first-order rate constant (k(obs)) versus inhibition concentration ([I]) plot against k(obs)=k(2)+k(2)[I]/(K-S+[I]). Values of pK(S), and log k(2) are linearly correlated with the rho(*) values with the rho(*) values of -2.0 and 0.36, respectively. Therefore, the E:I complexes are more positive charges than the inhibitors due to the rho(*) value of -2.0. The tetrahedral E-I adducts on the other hand are more negative charges than the E:I complexes due to the rho(*) value of 0.36. Formation of the E:I complex from the inhibitor and the enzyme are further divided into two steps: (1) the pre-equilibrium protonation of the inhibitor and (2) formation of the E:I complex from the protonated inhibitor and the enzyme

A self-consistent method to analyze the effects of the positive Q-value neutron transfers on fusion

AbstractConsidering the present limitation of the need for external parameters to describe the nucleus–nucleus potential and the couplings in the coupled-channels calculations, this work introduces an improved method without adjustable parameter to overcome the limitation and then sort out the positive Q-value neutron transfers (PQNT) effects based on the CCFULL calculations. The corresponding analysis for Ca+Ca, S,Ca+Sn, and S,Ca+Zr provides a reliable proof and a quantitative evaluation for the residual enhancement (RE) related to PQNT. In addition, the RE for S32,Ca40+Zr94 shows an unexpected larger enhancement than S32,Ca40+Zr96 despite the similar multi-neutron transfer Q-values. This method should rather strictly test the fusion models and be helpful for excavating the underlying physics

Light‐limited photosynthesis under energy‐saving film decreases eggplant yield

Glasshouse films with adjustable light transmittance and energy‐efficient designs have the potential to reduce (up to 80%) the high energy cost for greenhouse horticulture operations. Whether these films compromise the quantity and quality of light transmission for photosynthesis and crop yield remains unclear. A “Smart Glass” film ULR‐80 (SG) was applied to a high‐tech greenhouse horticulture facility, and two experimental trials were conducted by growing eggplant (Solanum melongena) using commercial vertical cultivation and management practices. SG blocked 85% of ultraviolet (UV), 58% of far‐red, and 26% of red light, leading to an overall reduction of 19% in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 380–699 nm) and a 25% reduction in total season fruit yield. There was a 53% (season mean) reduction in net short‐wave radiation (radiometer range, 385–2,105 nm upward; 295–2,685 nm downward) that generated a net reduction of 8% in heat load and reduced water and nutrient consumption by 18%, leading to improved energy and resource use efficiency. Eggplant adjusted to the altered SG light environment via decreased maximum light‐saturated photosynthetic rates (Amax) and lower xanthophyll de‐epoxidation state. The shift in light characteristics under SG led to reduced photosynthesis, which may have reduced source (leaf) to sink (fruit) carbon distribution, increased fruit abortion and decreased fruit yield, but did not affect nutritional quality. We conclude that SG increases energy and resource use efficiency, without affecting fruit quality, but the reduction in photosynthesis and eggplant yield is high. The solution is to re‐engineer the SG to increase penetration of UV and PAR, while maintaining blockage of glasshouse heat gain

Effects of genuine dimension-six Higgs operators

We systematically discuss the consequences of genuine dimension-six Higgs operators. These operators are not subject to stringent constraints from electroweak precision data. However, they can modify the couplings of the Higgs boson to electroweak gauge bosons and, in particular, the Higgs self-interactions. We study the sensitivity to which those couplings can be probed at future \ee linear colliders in the sub-TeV and in the multi-TeV range. We find that for $\sqrt s=500$ GeV with a luminosity of 1 ab$^{-1}$ the anomalous $WWH$ and $ZZH$ couplings may be probed to about the 0.01 level, and the anomalous $HHH$ coupling to about the 0.1 level.Comment: 21 pages, 17 figures; typos corrected and references adde

Hydrogen implanted 1.3 {micro}m vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers with dielectric and wafer-boned GaAs/AlAs mirrors

A 1.3 {micro}m wavelength vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) containing proton implanted isolation regions and a dielectric top mirror and a wafer-bonded GaAs/AlAs bottom mirror was fabricated. A room temperature pulsed threshold current density of 1.13 kA/cm{sup 2} and a threshold current of 2 mA have been demonstrated