EfficientTempNet: Temporal Super-Resolution of Radar Rainfall

Rainfall data collected by various remote sensing instruments such as radars or satellites has different space-time resolutions. This study aims to improve the temporal resolution of radar rainfall products to help with more accurate climate change modeling and studies. In this direction, we introduce a solution based on EfficientNetV2, namely EfficientTempNet, to increase the temporal resolution of radar-based rainfall products from 10 minutes to 5 minutes. We tested EfficientRainNet over a dataset for the state of Iowa, US, and compared its performance to three different baselines to show that EfficientTempNet presents a viable option for better climate change monitoring.Comment: Published as a workshop paper at Tackling Climate Change with Machine Learning, ICLR 202

Determination of Vertical Movement for Deformation Monitoring of a Bridge Using GPS Technique

Deformation analysis using height differences is imperative to the determination of vertical movements in engineering structures, landslide areas and crustal deformations. GNSS technology and data processing software have made these observations much more convenient, accurate and cost-effective tool for monitoring of natural and man-made structures. Here, we determine the vertical movement of a bridge with respect to control network established on stable grounds. These include pre-analysis, survey design, data collection, data reduction, adjustments determination of maximum expected displacement and its accuracy requirement. The observations are carried out in geodetic monitoring network in three epochs (2017, 2018 and 2019), and by this way stable network are verified. The instrument employed is Pro-mark3 and its accessories for measuring planimetric positions and elevations of points. Once the survey have been conducted, GNSS Solutions provides accurately determine site locations within the parameters establish. Least squares adjustment was used for rigorous adjustment of GPS carrier-phase measurements. The statistical test was carried out using Fisher Table and by computing T- test values. Finally the results obtained portrayed that the bridge, even though has minor vertical movement is found to be stable.Keywords: Engineering Structure, Vertical Movement, Deformation Monitoring, GNSS, T-tes

Blast mitigation of reinforced concrete structures incorporating shear walls in modern building designs

Material science advancements have resulted in the development of high-strength concrete and steel reinforcement, allowing more efficient and stable buildings against natural and manmade disasters. Increasing security concerns and the potential threat from terrorist activities have led to the safety and resilience of structures against blast loads in modern construction. The present study investigates the performance of reinforced concrete shear walls in mitigating blast-induced vibrations. The study examines four different reinforced concrete buildings based on their shapes, namely square, rectangular, C-shaped, and L-shaped, to understand the blast behaviours with and without shear walls. The study presents a methodology to protect the regular and irregular buildings equipped with shear walls against blast loads at varying standoff distances of 100 m, 200 m, 300 m, and 400 m, respectively. The study also compares the efficiency of passive control dampers and shear walls in enhancing the buildings’ performance against blast vibrations. The best placement of the shear walls is also evaluated for all the selected buildings. The study also considers the effect of shear wall thickness in mitigating blast-induced vibrations in multi-storey buildings. The study also discusses the design guidelines and reinforcement detailing of shear walls to protect buildings against detrimental blast effects

Augmented and virtual realities : the future of building design and visualization

The present study precisely conveys the methodology of developing a three-dimensional (3D) architectural model of a villa with its walk-through and displaying the model in virtual reality, which as a result, be used by the clients to spectate, customize and buy the real estate property. Additionally, the case study highlights the advancement in architecture, as certain specifications of each element of a 3D model can be viewed in a virtual environment. Virtual reality is a transpiring platform, and in addition to that, the real-estate sector shows its incorporation in designing, marketing, and selling projects. The teaching and learning process can be eased out by intervening it with technology that generates an enhanced visualization environment. These technologies, when used constructively, save time and energy and also hoard economic standards ensuing lucrative benefits

Border Gateway Protocol to provide failover in multihoming environment

Nowadays Internet access across the globe is very crucial because of the huge size of useful data that the Internet stores. This stimulates most ISPs to choose a reliable routing protocol in order to preserve the security and guarantee of customer’s data on the Internet. By multi-homing a network using BGP, a more control of balancing the traffic load and achieving redundancy becomes possible. This will enhance network performance, quality throughput and better routing policies on the Internet. Single-homed Internet communication link between networks’ Internet service provider does not inspire with confidence because of excessive traffic and device or human error that may arise. We use BGP because of its ability to choose the best path to a destination particularly in a Multihoming environment. Our simulation results are achieved using GNS3 emulator and Wireshark network analyser. We carried out two simulations to run BGP Multihoming to the same service provider and to different service provider. In both scenarios we run the simulations in failover mode and in load-shearing mode. Simulation results show that BGP Multihoming to different service providers provides failover to ISP networks. For a home and enterprise network to have a certain level of failover or redundancy there is a need to employ the use of BGP Multihoming to different service provider

Performance of Turbo Code in CDMA under AWGN Channel

Carrier Division Multiple Access is considered as an efficient technique in wireless communication due to its high possibility to serve an unlimited number of users. CDMA uses the same frequency concurrently with wireless communication. In this paper, the performance and evaluation of turbo code are duly presented followed by the examination of CDMA under AWGN channel was highlighted. The simulation estimated to achieve bit error rate of less than 10-2 frame size. To this end, the results of the simulation show that the Bit Error Rate is inversely proportional to the size of the frame and directly proportional the number of iteration in the decoder

Use of Information and Communication Technologies among Extension Agents In Kano State, Nigeria

The study assessed the use of ICTs among extension agents in Kano State Nigeria. Two hundred and twenty-one (221) extension agents were randomly selected from the 44 local government areas. Data for the study were obtained with the aid of structured questionnaire administered to extension agents. Majority of extension agents were in the age range of 41-50 years. Majority (87.3%) of them were males and married (100%), with family sizes of 5-14 (53.95%). The entire extension agents had formal education including HND (35.8%), OND (33.3%) and secondary school certificate (27.2%). Most of the extension agents had an annual income of N100,000- N300,000, with N376,984 as mean. They were aware and had access to radio, television, telephone, DVD, video, camera, computer, satellite and printer. They however recorded a low usage of the Web, satellite, e-mail, CD-ROM, search engines, scanner, fax and Web publishing. The result also indicates a positive correlation between ICT use and socio-economic characteristics of the agents; including age, work experience, membership of agricultural associations (p<0.05). It was concluded that the benefits of the ICTs were not fully utilized by extension workers in the state due to some factors associated with low income, ICTs training, awareness and access