Accumulation of three-body resonances above two-body thresholds

We calculate resonances in three-body systems with attractive Coulomb potentials by solving the homogeneous Faddeev-Merkuriev integral equations for complex energies. The equations are solved by using the Coulomb-Sturmian separable expansion approach. This approach provides an exact treatment of the threshold behavior of the three-body Coulombic systems. We considered the negative positronium ion and, besides locating all the previously know $S$-wave resonances, we found a whole bunch of new resonances accumulated just slightly above the two-body thresholds. The way they accumulate indicates that probably there are infinitely many resonances just above the two-body thresholds, and this might be a general property of three-body systems with attractive Coulomb potentials.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

A versenyképesség növelésének stratégiája a gyümölcságazatban az EU-ba lépés után = The strategy of increase of competitiveness of fruit production after step in the EU

1. A koncentráció alakulása A 2007-es felmérés csak négy gyümölcsfajra terjedt ki, míg a 2001-es teljeskörű volt. Így csak erre a négy fajra végeztem el az összehasonlítást (alma, körte, őszibarack kajszibarack,). Megállapítható a koncentráció vizsgálata alapján: az összes ültetvényterület 14 %-kal kisebb 2007-ben. Ezen belül: - az almaültetvények területe 15 %-kal csökkent - a körteültetvényeké 28 %-kal nőtt - az őszibaracké 23 %-kal csökkent - a kajszibaracké 13 %-kal esett vissza 2. Az öntözés, mint a versenyképes gyümölcstermesztés alapfeltétele Mind a négy gyümölcsfaj esetében nőtt az öntözött terület aránya 2007-re, legnagyobb százalékban a körténél 14,1 %-kal, de lényeges növekedés volt az őszibaracknál (65 %) és kajszibaracknál (102 %) is. Az almánál viszont csak 2,8 %-os volt az öntözött terület növekedése. 3. Az ültetvények kezeltsége A jól kezelt ültetvények aránya átlagosan 30,3 %-kal nőtt, ami jelentős javulás. Különösen erős volt a körténél 33,1 %-os. Az almánál viszont 3,1 %-os csökkenés mutatkozik. 4. Az ültetvények kora Az 5 év alatti korú ültetvények arány csak a körte esetében megfelelő. A gyümölcsexport-import alakulása* A friss gyümölcskivitel 2000 és 2007 között mennyiségben 18 %-kal, értékben 24 %-kal csökkent. A friss gyümölcsimport 2000 és 2007 között mennyiségben 12-szeresére, értékben pedig hétszeresére nőtt. Az export-import egyenleg a friss gyümölcsnél negatív. | The competitiveness of four fruit species (apple, pear, peach, apricot) decreased between years 2001 and 2007 in consequence the reduction of size of plantations. The irigation increased of four species from 14 % for 18 %. The treatement of four species was better in category of good tratement with 13,5 %. The role of production organizations is very big because of the big proportion of little size plantations. Our fresh fruit export continuited to decreased, increased the export of conserved and frozen fruit, but in very big case the home fruits as basic material was deputized with import. The whole export-import balance (without southern fruits) was positive in year 2007 24,6 Mrd Ft, in overage 2004-07 31,8 Mrd Ft

Stretched exponential relaxation in the mode-coupling theory for the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation

We study the mode-coupling theory for the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation in the strong-coupling regime, focusing on the long time properties. By a saddle point analysis of the mode-coupling equations, we derive exact results for the correlation function in the long time limit - a limit which is hard to study using simulations. The correlation function at wavevector k in dimension d is found to behave asymptotically at time t as C(k,t)\simeq 1/k^{d+4-2z} (Btk^z)^{\gamma/z} e^{-(Btk^z)^{1/z}}, with \gamma=(d-1)/2, A a determined constant and B a scale factor.Comment: RevTex, 4 pages, 1 figur

Heterogeneous Diffusion in Highly Supercooled Liquids

The diffusivity of tagged particles is demonstrated to be very heterogeneous on time scales comparable to or shorter than the $\alpha$ relaxation time $\tau_{\alpha}$ ($\cong$ the stress relaxation time) in a highly supercooled liquid via 3D molecular dynamics simulation. The particle motions in the relatively active regions dominantly contribute to the mean square displacement, giving rise to a diffusion constant systematically larger than the Einstein-Stokes value. The van Hove self-correlation function $G_s(r,t)$ is shown to have a long distance tail which can be scaled in terms of $r/t^{1/2}$ for t \ls 3\tau_{\alpha}. Its presence indicates heterogeneous diffusion in the active regions. However, the diffusion process eventually becomes homogeneous on time scales longer than the life time of the heterogeneity structure ($\sim 3 \tau_{\alpha}$).Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Asymptotic laws for tagged-particle motion in glassy systems

Within the mode-coupling theory for structural relaxation in simple systems the asymptotic laws and their leading-asymptotic correction formulas are derived for the motion of a tagged particle near a glass-transition singularity. These analytic results are compared with numerical ones of the equations of motion evaluated for a tagged hard sphere moving in a hard-sphere system. It is found that the long-time part of the two-step relaxation process for the mean-squared displacement can be characterized by the $\alpha$-relaxation-scaling law and von Schweidler's power-law decay while the critical-decay regime is dominated by the corrections to the leading power-law behavior. For parameters of interest for the interpretations of experimental data, the corrections to the leading asymptotic laws for the non-Gaussian parameter are found to be so large that the leading asymptotic results are altered qualitatively by the corrections. Results for the non-Gaussian parameter are shown to follow qualitatively the findings reported in the molecular-dynamics-simulations work by Kob and Andersen [Phys. Rev. E 51, 4626 (1995)]

Calculation of the Free Energy and Cooperativity of Protein Folding

Calculation of the free energy of protein folding and delineation of its pre-organization are of foremost importance for understanding, predicting and designing biological macromolecules. Here, we introduce an energy smoothing variant of parallel tempering replica exchange Monte Carlo (REMS) that allows for efficient configurational sampling of flexible solutes under the conditions of molecular hydration. Its usage to calculate the thermal stability of a model globular protein, Trp cage TC5b, achieves excellent agreement with experimental measurements. We find that the stability of TC5b is attained through the coupled formation of local and non-local interactions. Remarkably, many of these structures persist at high temperature, concomitant with the origin of native-like configurations and mesostates in an otherwise macroscopically disordered unfolded state. Graph manifold learning reveals that the conversion of these mesostates to the native state is structurally heterogeneous, and that the cooperativity of their formation is encoded largely by the unfolded state ensemble. In all, these studies establish the extent of thermodynamic and structural pre-organization of folding of this model globular protein, and achieve the calculation of macromolecular stability ab initio, as required for ab initio structure prediction, genome annotation, and drug design

Kondo Effect on Mesoscopic Scale (Review)

Following the discovery of the Kondo effect the bulk transport and magnetic behavior of the dilute magnetic alloys have been successfully described. In the last fifteen years new directions have been developed as the study of the systems of reduced dimensions and the artificial atoms so called quantum dots. In this review the first subject is reviewed starting with the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) study of a single magnetic impurity. The next subject is the reduction of the amplitude of the Kondo effect in samples of reduced dimension which was explained by the surface magnetic anisotropy which blocks the motion of the integer spin nearby the surface. The electron dephasing and energy relaxation experiments are discussed with the possible explanation including the surface anisotropy, where the situation in cases of integer and half-integer spins is very different. Finally, the present situation of the theory of dynamical structural defects is briefly presented which may lead to two-channel Kondo behavior.Comment: 8 pages, submitted to the JPSJ Special Issue "Kondo effect -- 40 years after the Discovery

Towards Better Territorial Governance in Europe. A guide for practitioners, policy and decision makers based on contributions from the ESPON TANGO Project

Guides help you do things. You turn to them when you need to find out how to solve a problem. They are a form of knowledge transfer, written by experts but in a way that is accessible and helpful to a wide group of users. This Guide was written by the researchers on the ESPON applied research study of Territorial Approaches to New Governance (TANGO). It aims to help those persons and institutions that are delivering territorial governance across Europ

Strongly Correlated Quantum Fluids: Ultracold Quantum Gases, Quantum Chromodynamic Plasmas, and Holographic Duality

Strongly correlated quantum fluids are phases of matter that are intrinsically quantum mechanical, and that do not have a simple description in terms of weakly interacting quasi-particles. Two systems that have recently attracted a great deal of interest are the quark-gluon plasma, a plasma of strongly interacting quarks and gluons produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions, and ultracold atomic Fermi gases, very dilute clouds of atomic gases confined in optical or magnetic traps. These systems differ by more than 20 orders of magnitude in temperature, but they were shown to exhibit very similar hydrodynamic flow. In particular, both fluids exhibit a robustly low shear viscosity to entropy density ratio which is characteristic of quantum fluids described by holographic duality, a mapping from strongly correlated quantum field theories to weakly curved higher dimensional classical gravity. This review explores the connection between these fields, and it also serves as an introduction to the Focus Issue of New Journal of Physics on Strongly Correlated Quantum Fluids: from Ultracold Quantum Gases to QCD Plasmas. The presentation is made accessible to the general physics reader and includes discussions of the latest research developments in all three areas.Comment: 138 pages, 25 figures, review associated with New Journal of Physics special issue "Focus on Strongly Correlated Quantum Fluids: from Ultracold Quantum Gases to QCD Plasmas" (http://iopscience.iop.org/1367-2630/focus/Focus%20on%20Strongly%20Correlated%20Quantum%20Fluids%20-%20from%20Ultracold%20Quantum%20Gases%20to%20QCD%20Plasmas