Economical, Heritage and Existential Evaluation of the National Park and Tandureh Protected Area Using the Conditional Method

In this article, a research has been conducted using conditional method, aiming to economically, based on heritage, and existentially, estimate and evaluate the National Park and Tandureh protected area. The required data were collected through libraries and field visits and questionnaires answered by visitors of the National Park and Tandureh protected area. Gender, number of family members, distance and income affected people’s willingness to pay and was statistically significant, and ultimately, the economical, heritage-based, and existential evaluation of the National Park and Tandureh protected area was determined by gathering information, collecting qualitative and quantitative data concerning the National Park and Tandureh protected area, visiting the park site, conducting and writing questionnaires, answering the questionnaires by the visitors, and determining the willingness to pay (WTP), and eventually by analyzing the collected information by using the Excel and Eviews

Economical, Heritage and Existential Evaluation of the National Park and Tandureh Protected Area Using the Conditional Method

In this article, a research has been conducted using conditional method, aiming to economically, based on heritage, and existentially, estimate and evaluate the National Park and Tandureh protected area. The required data were collected through libraries and field visits and questionnaires answered by visitors of the National Park and Tandureh protected area. Gender, number of family members, distance and income affected people’s willingness to pay and was statistically significant, and ultimately, the economical, heritage-based, and existential evaluation of the National Park and Tandureh protected area was determined by gathering information, collecting qualitative and quantitative data concerning the National Park and Tandureh protected area, visiting the park site, conducting and writing questionnaires, answering the questionnaires by the visitors, and determining the willingness to pay (WTP), and eventually by analyzing the collected information by using the Excel and Eviews

Perception from barrier and facilitator for providing early rehabilitation care for RTI victims

Background: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a major public health problem and the most important cause of disability, morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early rehabilitation can play a significant role in minimizing complications, morbidity and mortality. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe perceptions of barriers precluding provision of early rehabilitation care for RTI victims. Patients and Methods: A qualitative content analysis was carried out on 15 nurses with at least one year experience caring for RTI victims. The nurses were selected from various wards (emergency, orthopedic, neurosurgery, and clinic) of Sina and Imam Khomeini Hospitals via targeted sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and targeted sampling until data saturation. Data were analyzed and assessed. Results: After continuous analysis and comparison of data, major causes precluding nurses from early rehabilitation of RTI patients were retrieved. These barriers included: (a) lack of insight, (b) lack of comprehensive care (c) excessive costs; facilitating factors included (d) training for cooperation and (e) support for coping. Conclusions: The findings of this study show that the need for early rehabilitation in the hospital phase of care for RTI victims is needed. Knowledge about the barriers precluding nurses from early rehabiltiation of RTI patients and facilitators that can help health care workers and policy makers eliminate the barriers precluding early rehabilitation can help health care workers, especially nurses enable patients get over their disability and gain social and family support. © 2015, Trauma Monthly

A comparative study on some biological parameters in broodstock and juvenile kutum, Rutilus kutum in the southern Caspian Sea basin

Some biological characteristics of broodstock and juvenile kutum, Rutilus kutum. were investigated using data collected from the estuaries of Tajen and Shirood Rivers (TR and SR) (south Caspian Sea basin) as well as from the Caspian Sea in 2012. The results showed higher condition factors (CF) in the male broodstocks than those estimated in the female broodstock of both TR and SR. The female juveniles displayed a greater level of CF. The Von Bertalanffy's growth equations were calculated as: Lt = 40.67(1 – e−2.27(t−18.84)) and Lt = 50.11(1 – e−0.48(t+1.814)) for the broodstocks of SR and TR, respectively, and for the juveniles as: [Lt = 48.36 (1 – e−0.537 (t+ 0.913]. The males of SR presented a negative allometric growth pattern. The females and males of both SR and TR presented similar isometric growth patterns. Both male and female juveniles from TR exhibited a positive allometric growth pattern. The calculated equations for total length and weight were as: W = 3E−06 L3.2069 and W = 5E−07 L3.4745 for the male broodstock of SR and TR, respectively, and as: W = 5E−07 L3.4745 for the juveniles. The measured parameters may reflect the role of fish habitat characteristics such as food availability, population density, and age classes depending on sex and season

The effect of tactile-kinesthetic stimulation on growth indices of healthy neonates

Abstract Therapeutic touch is emphasized by healthcare professionals for improvement of neonates' growth and development. However, inconsistencies exist regarding effects and methods of massage in neonates. The purpose of this clinical trial is to assess and comprise intervention and control groups regarding the effects of tactile-kinesthetic stimulation (TKS) by mothers on growth indices of healthy term neonates. Sixty healthy term neonates were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. Mothers of neonates in the experimental group were trained to perform TKS for their newborns at home before feeding for at least 28 consecutive days, two times a day, and 15 min each time. Neonates in the control group were not required to receive this intervention. The neonates’ growth indices were measured within 24 h after birth, and then at days 14 and 28. During the study and the three consecutive measurements, no significant difference was found between the mean weights, heights, and head circumferences of the neonates in the two groups (p > 0.05). Keywords: Tactile-kinesthetic stimulation Growth indices Neonates Mother's touc

The Comparison of Motivational Beliefs, Metacognitive Skills and Self-Regulation Learning between Gifted & Ordinary Students of the City of Isfahan

The present study aimed to compare the motivational beliefs, metacognitive skills and self-regulation learning between gifted and ordinary female students in third grade of the middle school in the city of Isfahan. Research method is causal-comparative. The population of the study was included all gifted and ordinary female students in third grade of Farzanegan Amin middle school in the city of Isfahan. The sample was included 60 gifted students who were randomly selected from a special school for gifted children and 60 ordinary students who were selected using multi-stage sampling from normal schools. Research’s instruments were the Demographic and the Motivational Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Data were analyzed by ANOVA. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups in terms of motivational beliefs (

How much is the use values of forest ecosystem services? Case study: north forests of Iran

Forests play a significant role for human’s well-being. Economists’ attention is mostly drawn on the market value of forest products. The trend, however, is changing as non-market values of forests are increasingly appreciated and measured. Recently, the ecosystem value of forest has been studied by natural resource economists and its role on human welfare is ensured. This paper indicates that the annual use value of the ecosystem services such as water conservation, soil protection, carbon fixation, nutrient cycling, water purification, air pollution absorption and recreation provided by forests is not only worth millions of dollars, but also in per hectare terms much more than hitherto known. This value for the Mazandaran forest reserve (MFR) ranged US$14.2–14.8 million or about US$ 6676.9–6785.6 per ha. If these are accounted for, then governments and societies faced with the development versus conservation dilemma can create more understanding decisions and policies that will assist conserve forests and the ecosystem services they provide, and thereby promulgate human well-being and sustainable development. Realization about these significant intangible benefits will assist in more informed decisions and policies that will help conserve forest ecosystems and the services they provide as well as promote human well-being and sustainable development