Economical, Heritage and Existential Evaluation of the National Park and Tandureh Protected Area Using the Conditional Method

In this article, a research has been conducted using conditional method, aiming to economically, based on heritage, and existentially, estimate and evaluate the National Park and Tandureh protected area. The required data were collected through libraries and field visits and questionnaires answered by visitors of the National Park and Tandureh protected area. Gender, number of family members, distance and income affected people’s willingness to pay and was statistically significant, and ultimately, the economical, heritage-based, and existential evaluation of the National Park and Tandureh protected area was determined by gathering information, collecting qualitative and quantitative data concerning the National Park and Tandureh protected area, visiting the park site, conducting and writing questionnaires, answering the questionnaires by the visitors, and determining the willingness to pay (WTP), and eventually by analyzing the collected information by using the Excel and Eviews

Economical, Heritage and Existential Evaluation of the National Park and Tandureh Protected Area Using the Conditional Method

In this article, a research has been conducted using conditional method, aiming to economically, based on heritage, and existentially, estimate and evaluate the National Park and Tandureh protected area. The required data were collected through libraries and field visits and questionnaires answered by visitors of the National Park and Tandureh protected area. Gender, number of family members, distance and income affected people’s willingness to pay and was statistically significant, and ultimately, the economical, heritage-based, and existential evaluation of the National Park and Tandureh protected area was determined by gathering information, collecting qualitative and quantitative data concerning the National Park and Tandureh protected area, visiting the park site, conducting and writing questionnaires, answering the questionnaires by the visitors, and determining the willingness to pay (WTP), and eventually by analyzing the collected information by using the Excel and Eviews

The Relationship between Perceived Stress and Attitude towards Delivery and Choosing Mode of Delivery among Pregnant Women

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Since choosing mode of delivery is one of the most important choices in a woman's life, the factors affecting this choice are necessary to be considered. In recent years, the effect of various psychological factors on attitude towards delivery has been considered. One of these factors is the mother's perceived stress. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between perceived stress and attitude towards delivery and choosing mode of delivery among pregnant women. METHODS: This prospective cohort study was conducted among 305 pregnant women who were at week 32 of their pregnancy or above who referred to selected health centers of Ahvaz in 2016. "Demographic information", "Perceived stress" and "Attitude towards mode of delivery" were collected using a questionnaire. Perceived stress score was from zero to 56 (higher score indicates higher perceived stress), and attitude towards delivery score was from 68 to 204 (higher score indicates more positive attitude towards delivery). FINDINGS: The mean perceived stress score in subjects with positive, neutral and negative attitudes toward delivery were 27.08±10.86, 25.70±8.82 and 22.36±15.14, respectively, and in women with virginal and cesarean deliveries were 26.45±10.18 and 25.24±10.44, respectively. There was no significant correlation between perceived stress and attitude towards delivery (p=0.22) and choosing mode of delivery (p=0.49). CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that there is no relationship between perceived stress and attitude towards delivery and choosing mode of delivery

A consensus statement on detection of hippocampal sharp wave ripples and differentiation from other fast oscillations

Decades of rodent research have established the role of hippocampal sharp wave ripples (SPW-Rs) in consolidating and guiding experience. More recently, intracranial recordings in humans have suggested their role in episodic and semantic memory. Yet, common standards for recording, detection, and reporting do not exist. Here, we outline the methodological challenges involved in detecting ripple events and offer practical recommendations to improve separation from other high-frequency oscillations. We argue that shared experimental, detection, and reporting standards will provide a solid foundation for future translational discovery.This work was funded by K23NS104252 (A.A.L.) R01 MH117777 (E.B., J.W.R.) Whitehall Foundation (KH) 5F31NS120783-02 (Z.L.) 1U19NS104590 (A.L.) R01NS106611-02 (J.S., M.K.) MTEC-20-06-MOM013 (J.S., M.K.) 1U19NS107609-01 (I.S., J.L.) 1U19NS104590 (A.L., J.S.F., I.S.) 1U19NS107609 (E.A.B., J.W.R., J.J.L., I.S.) La Caixa LCF/PR/HR21/52410030 (A.N.O., L.dl.P) European Research Council Consolidator Grant 101001121 (B.P.S.) U.S.-Israel BSF grant 2017015 (RM)U01-NS113198 (J.J.) NSF CAREER IOS-1844935 (M.vdM.) 1R01NS121764-01 (B.L.M.) R01 MH122391 (G.B.) 30MH126483 (J.A.G.) Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale EQU202103012768 (M.Z.) 1R16-NS131108-01 (L.L.)

Investigation of the Effects of Clodinafop and Dicamba+2, 4-D on Kautskey Curve and Chlorophyll Fluorescence

Measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence is noninvasive, highly sensitive, fast and easy way to give important information about the photosynthetic apparatus. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and Kautsky curves of wild oat and wild mustard sprayed by clodinafop and Dicamba+2, 4-D respectively was investigated at two green house experiments. The results indicated significant reduction at trend of Fv/Fm، Fvj and Area parameters five days after clodinafop spraying. The shapes of the Kautsky curves were affected by clodinafop five days after spraying. The maximum fluorescence (Fm) reduced significantly At 5 days after spraying. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters revealed clodinafop efficiency one week before herbicide symptoms occurred. Chlorophyll fluorescence could be an alternative method to study herbicide efficacy compare to the classical method (measuring dry or fresh weight). At wild mustard the shape of the Kautsky curve at higher doses of Dicamba+2, 4-D (371.2 and 165.1 g ai./ha) was affected one day after spray. The Kautsky curve quenching after 1000 ms did not occur two days after spray at the recommended dose (371.2 g ai./ha) but its decay was observed at under recommended doses at both one and two days after spray. Finally although clodinafop and Dicamba+2, 4-D are not directly PSII inhibitor but they could change the Kautsky curves shape and form before revealing visual symptoms of these herbicides