Trabajo, miserias y recompensas: Asistentes sociales, enfermeras y matronas en la construcción de la política sanitaria chilena a mediados del siglo XX

The article seeks to show the contribution made by social workers, nurses and midwives to the successful public health policy implemented in the mid-twentieth century in Chile by the National Health Service in the context of a statist and welfare development model. Documentary sources of different types and testimonies of social workers, nurses and midwives who were interviewed for this research were used. These professionals, mainly responsible for operational tasks and in close contact with the users of the National Health Service, were responsible for the establishment of a true health pedagogy that changed the epidemiological pattern and touched the culture of the Chilean population, influencing its estimation of self-care and prevention. As executors of the policy, they avoided the difficulties inherent to the bureaucratized work of social programs, gaining, at the same time, satisfaction at the affective and altruistic level, which made them feel like the protagonists of a historical process.El artículo busca mostrar el aporte realizado por asistentes sociales, enfermeras y matronas a la exitosa política de salud pública de mediados del siglo XX en Chile, llevada a cabo por el Servicio Nacional de Salud en el marco de un modelo de desarrollo estatista y benefactor. Se han utilizado fuentes documentales de diverso tipo y testimonios de asistentes, enfermeras y matronas entrevistadas para la investigación. Las profesionales, encargadas fundamentalmente de tareas operativas y en contacto directo con la población usuaria del Servicio Nacional de Salud, fueron artífices de la instalación de una verdadera pedagogía sanitaria que cambió el patrón epidemiológico y trastocó la cultura de la población chilena, incidiendo en la valoración del autocuidado y la prevención. Como ejecutoras, sortearon las dificultades inherentes al trabajo burocratizado de los programas sociales pero, a la vez, recibieron gratificaciones diversas de tipo afectivo y altruista, que las hizo sentirse protagonistas de una construcción histórica

Presentación: Cuidado y género: Reflexiones interdisciplinarias, Argentina, Brasil, Colombia y Chile, Siglo XX

Recurriendo a una amplia bibliografía internacional y al uso de fuentes primarias como documentos oficiales, estadísticas, manuscritos inéditos, publicaciones de congresos, monografías sanitarias, fuentes orales, este dossier presenta algunas reflexiones sociohistóricas sobre cuidados, asistencia y políticas de bienestar, y casos de estudio referidos a profesiones, género y cuidados para Argentina, Brasil, Colombia y Chile.Fil: Zárate Campos, María Soledad. Universidad Alberto Hurtado; Chile

Family planning in the Chilean cold war: Health policy and international cooperation, 1960-1973 Planejamento familiar na Guerra Fria chilena: Política sanitária e cooperaç ão internacional, 1960-1973 Planificación familiar en la guerra fría Chilena: Polít

This article seeks to document the links between the Chilean Family Planning Program and organizations such as the Population Council, the Rockefeller Foundation, the International Planned Parenthood Federation and the UN between 1960 and 1973. Within the framework of the population policies imposed by the Cold War, it analyzes the trajectory of the Chilean medical community, which, by sharing in the ideological guidelines of the international agencies, understood said relationship more as an efficient instrument for limiting high abortion rates than as means to significantly reduce population growth

Curar, prevenir y asistir: Medicina y salud en la historia chilena

This article identifies and describes part of the bibliography available about history of medicine and public health related to Chile in the colonial and republican periods. The literature reviewed gathers studies produced by physicians and professional historians, commenting on the contributions in terms of topics and methodologies of both communities. Also, this study recognises analytical limits and some weaknesses of this historiography and suggests new questions for future research