Phosphomolybdic acid-responsive Pickering emulsions stabilized by ionic liquid functionalized Janus nanosheets

<p><b>A</b> Representative photomicrographs of Caspase-3 immunofluorescence staining (400×). <b>B</b> Quantification of Caspase-3 fluorescence intensity in different groups. <b>C</b> Representative Western blot band of Caspase-3 activation in the ischemic cortex at 24 h after reperfusion. <b>D</b> Effect of LBP (40 mg/kg) on the Caspase-3 activation in MCAO mice cortex at 24 h after reperfusion. Data are expressed as mean±SEM (n = 6). ^##P<0.01 vs. sham-operated group; **P<0.01 vs. vehicle group.</p

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for paraquat poisoning: A systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies

<div><p>Background</p><p>Paraquat (PQ) poisoning can cause multiple organ failure, in which the lung is the primary target organ. There is currently no treatment for PQ poisoning. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which differentiate into multiple cell types, have generated much enthusiasm regarding their use for the treatment of several diseases. The aim of this study was to systematically review and analyze published preclinical studies describing MSC administration for the treatment of PQ poisoning in animal models to provide a basis for cell therapy.</p><p>Methods</p><p>The electronic databases PubMed and CBMdisc were searched in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The MSC treatment characteristics of animal models of PQ poisoning were summarized. After quality assessment was performed, the effects of MSC transplantation were evaluated based on the survival rate, lung wet/dry weight, fibrosis scores, oxidative stress response, and inflammatory response. Publication bias was assessed.</p><p>Results</p><p>Eleven controlled preclinical studies involving MSC transplantation in animal models of PQ poisoning were included in this review. MSC therapy improved the survival rate and reduced the lung wet/dry weight and histopathological fibrosis changes in most studies. MSCs decreased serum or plasma malondialdehyde levels in the acute phase after 7 and 14 d and increased serum or plasma superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels at the same time points. IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF-β1 levels in blood or lung tissues were decreased to different degrees by MSCs. Lung hydroxyproline was decreased by MSCs after 14 d. No obvious evidence of publication bias was found.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>MSCs showed anti-fibrosis therapeutic effects in animal models of lung injury caused by PQ poisoning, which may be related to reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine levels. Our review indicates a potential therapeutic role for MSC therapy to treat PQ poisoning and serves to augment the rationale for clinical studies.</p></div

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for paraquat poisoning: A systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies - Fig 5

<p><b>Funnel Plot of MDA (A), SOD (B) and GSH (C) Data.</b> SE: standard error; SMD: standard mean difference.</p

Forest plots showing the effects of MSCs on MDA levels.

<p>Control: PQ group; Experimental: MSC treatment group; CI: confidence interval; IV: independent variable; SD: standard deviation.</p

Summary of the major experimental results.

<p>Summary of the major experimental results.</p

Forest plots showing the effects of MSCs on SOD levels.

<p>Control: PQ group; Experimental: MSC treatment group; CI: confidence interval; IV: independent variable; SD: standard deviation.</p

Characteristics of the included studies.

<p>Characteristics of the included studies.</p

Forest plots showing the effects of MSCs on GSH levels.

<p>Control: PQ group; Experimental: MSC treatment group; CI: confidence interval; IV: independent variable; SD: standard deviation.</p

Included and excluded studies.

<p>Included and excluded studies.</p

Free-Standing Porous Carbon Nanofiber/Ultrathin Graphite Hybrid for Flexible Solid-State Supercapacitors

A micrometer-thin solid-state supercapacitor (SC) was assembled using two pieces of porous carbon nanofibers/ultrathin graphite (pCNFs/G) hybrid films, which were one-step synthesized by chemical vapor deposition using copper foil supported Co catalyst. The continuously ultrathin graphite sheet (∼25 nm) is mechanically compliant to support the pCNFs even after etching the copper foil and thus can work as both current collector and support directly with nearly ignorable fraction in a SC stack. The pCNFs are seamlessly grown on the graphite sheet with an ohmic contact between the pCNFs and the graphite sheet. Thus, the accumulated electrons/ions can duly transport from the pCNFs to graphite (current collector), which results in a high rate performance. The maximum energy density and power density based on the whole device are up to 2.4 mWh cm^–3 and 23 W cm^–3, which are even orders higher than those of the most reported electric double-layer capacitors and pseudocapacitors. Moreover, the specific capacitance of the device has 96% retention after 5000 cycles and is nearly constant at various curvatures, suggesting its wide application potential in powering wearable/miniaturized electronics