Analisis Pengaruh Jumlah Obyek Wisata, Jumlah Wisatawan dan Pendapatan Perkapita Terhadap Pendapatan Retribusi Obyek Pariwisata 35 Kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Tengah

One of the indicators used to determine the impact of tourism on the economy of the region, and also as one of the deciding factors for high rates of economic growth of revenue areas is through tourism object is received. Where this certainly describes the situation good economy where every tourist trip will certainly be beneficial to the economy of a region on the visit. From this common saying that the condition of the economy in Central Java is good enough. And imposes to GDP which certainly will also increase.. This research aims to (i) Analyze the factors that influenced the development of the income levy tour destinations in 35 counties/cities of Central Java region; (ii) analyzing the factors that most affect the revenue development of tourist objects in 35 levy kabupaten/kota region of Central Java. The purpose of this research is accomplished by a method of Analysis Models used are data with Fixed approaches penel Effect Model (FEM) or Least Square Dummy Variable (LSDV) model, using data time series for five years (2006-2010) and data cross section as much as 35 county/city in Central Java. The LSDV model can get results estimates expected a more efficient. This is due to the high number of observations that have implications on data that is more informative, more varied, and the increased degree of freedom (df). From analysis in mind that variable number of objects of tourism, the number of tourists and income per capita impact positively and significantly to revenue retribution in tourism object 35 counties/cities of Central Java

Firma Karakteristiginin Sermaye Yapisi Uzerindeki Analizi

Financial policies about asset usage and resource gathering which firms use in order to maintain optimal capital structure, define firm characteristics. In this study the effects of firm characteristics on capital structure analyzed empirically with panel data analysis. A capital structure determinant which represents firm characteristics is used as; debt ratio, liquidity ratio, interest coverage ratio, firm size and growth ratios. Research conducted through Basic Metal Industry, Metal Goods, Machinery and Tool Industry companies which operate in Istanbul Stock Exchange. According to the results all the determinants of firm characteristics except firm size have a negative impact on capital structureOptimal Capital Structure, Leverage Ratio, Firm Size, Panel Data Analysis

STUDI MENGENAI PENGEMBANGAN HUBUNGAN JANGKA PANJANG PERUSAHAAN DAN PENGECER

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai pengembangan hubungan antara perusahaan dan pengecer yang diupayakan untuk pembinaan hubungan jangka panjang. Untuk membina hubungan jangka panjang maka perusahaan memerlukan kepercayaan pengecer yang didukung oleh faktor-faktor karakteristik perusahaan dan karakteristik tenaga penjualan. Masalah penelitian diajukan adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana mewujudkan hubungan jangka panjang antara perusahaan dan pengecer melalui faktor-faktor karakteristik perusahaan dan karakteristik tenaga penjualan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka diajukan sebuah model teoritis dan lima hipotesis untuk diuji. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah para pengecer minuman Pepsicola di kota Semarang. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara kepuasan, reputasi perusahaan, dan kepercayaan pada tenaga penjualan dengan kepercayaan pada perusahaan, keandalan tenaga penjualan dengan kepercayaan pada tenaga penjualan, dan kepercayaan pada perusahaan dengan hubungan jangka panjan

ANALISIS YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPERCAYAAN DAMPAKNYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT MENABUNG NASABAH (Studi Kasus Pada Bank BRI (Persero) KCP Ambarawa)

Persaingan yang semakin ketat dengan perbankan swasta, terbatasnya sumber daya manusia yang profesional, teknologi informasi dan telekomunikasi yang terus berkembang, serta peningkatan harga bahan pangan menjadi hambatan besar bagi bank pemerintah dalam mengakomodasi dana masyarakat. Kondisi ini mendorong Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) berupaya mengembangkan berbagai strategi untuk menarik dan mempertahankan nasabahnya melalui peningkatan minat menabung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara nilai nasabah, reputasi, kepercayaan terhadap minat menabung PT. BRI di Kantor Cabang Pembantu Ambarawa. Permasalahan yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana meningkatkan minat menabung nasabah melalui pengelolaan nilai nasabah, reputasi, kepercayaan terhadap minat menabung nasabah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh nilai nasabah, reputasi,kepercayaan dalam mempertimbangkan menabung di bank. Responden yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah calon nasabah PT. Bank BRI KCP Ambarawa yang berjumlah 108 responden. Model teoritis yang terdiri dari 4 variabel dengan 4 hipotesis akan diuji dengan menggunakan alat analisis SEM melalui program AMOS. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 4 hipotesis yang diajukan 3 hipotesis diterima dan 1 diantaranya ditolak yaitu hipotesis ketiga. Hipotesis ketiga yang berbunyi bahwa semakin tinggi nilai nasabah , maka semakin tinggi minat menabung tidak dapat dibuktikan secara statistik atau ditolak. Oleh karena itu, disarankan agar peningkatan minat menabung lebih fokus pada peran nilai nasabah pada kepercayaan, sehingga akan menciptakan kepercayaan yang positif dan berdampak pada peningkatan minat menabung

Economic burden of illness of acute coronary syndromes: medical and productivity costs

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The significant economic burden associated with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) provides a need to evaluate both medical costs and productivity costs, according to evolving guideline-driven ACS treatment strategies, medical management (MM), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Commercially insured individuals, aged 18-64, with an emergency room (ER) visit or hospitalization accompanied by an ACS diagnosis (index event) were identified from a large claims database between 01/2004 and 12/2005 with a 1-year follow-up period. Patients who had an ACS diagnosis in the 12 months prior to their index event were excluded. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to treatment strategies during the index event: MM, PCI, or CABG. A subset of patients was identified for the productivity cost analysis exploring short-term disability and absenteeism costs. Multivariate generalized linear models were performed to examine the ACS costs by 3 different treatment strategies.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 10,487 patients were identified for the medical cost analysis. The total 1-year medical costs (index event costs plus the 1-year follow-up costs) were lowest for MM patients ($34,087), followed by PCI patients ($52,673) and CABG patients ($86,914). Of the 3,080 patients in the productivity costs analysis, 2,454 patients were identified in the short-term disability cohort and 626 patients were identified in the absenteeism cohort. Both the estimated mean total 1-year short-term disability and absenteeism costs were highest for CABG patients ($17,335, $14,960, respectively) compared to MM patients ($6,048, $9,826, respectively) and PCI patients ($9,221, $9,460, respectively).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Both total 1-year medical costs and 1-year productivity costs are substantial for working-aged individuals with ACS. These costs differ according to the type of treatment strategy, with CABG having higher costs compared to either PCI or MM.</p

Pediatric Bacterial Meningitis Surveillance in Nigeria From 2010 to 2016, Prior to and During the Phased Introduction of the 10-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine

Background: Historically, Nigeria has experienced large bacterial meningitis outbreaks with high mortality in children. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus), and Haemophilus influenzae are major causes of this invasive disease. In collaboration with the World Health Organization, we conducted longitudinal surveillance in sentinel hospitals within Nigeria to establish the burden of pediatric bacterial meningitis (PBM). Methods: From 2010 to 2016, cerebrospinal fluid was collected from children <5 years of age, admitted to 5 sentinel hospitals in 5 Nigerian states. Microbiological and latex agglutination techniques were performed to detect the presence of pneumococcus, meningococcus, and H. influenzae. Species-specific polymerase chain reaction and serotyping/grouping were conducted to determine specific causative agents of PBM. Results: A total of 5134 children with suspected meningitis were enrolled at the participating hospitals; of these 153 (2.9%) were confirmed PBM cases. The mortality rate for those infected was 15.0% (23/153). The dominant pathogen was pneumococcus (46.4%: 71/153) followed by meningococcus (34.6%: 53/153) and H. influenzae (19.0%: 29/153). Nearly half the pneumococcal meningitis cases successfully serotyped (46.4%: 13/28) were caused by serotypes that are included in the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. The most prevalent meningococcal and H. influenzae strains were serogroup W and serotype b, respectively. Conclusions: Vaccine-type bacterial meningitis continues to be common among children <5 years in Nigeria. Challenges with vaccine introduction and coverage may explain some of these finding. Continued surveillance is needed to determine the distribution of serotypes/groups of meningeal pathogens across Nigeria and help inform and sustain vaccination policies in the countr

Lifestyle physical activity among urban Palestinians and Israelis: a cross-sectional comparison in the Palestinian-Israeli Jerusalem risk factor study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Urban Palestinians have a high incidence of coronary heart disease, and alarming prevalences of obesity (particularly among women) and diabetes. An active lifestyle can help prevent these conditions. Little is known about the physical activity (PA) behavior of Palestinians. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of insufficient PA and its socio-demographic correlates among urban Palestinians in comparison with Israelis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>An age-sex stratified random sample of Palestinians and Israelis aged 25-74 years living in east and west Jerusalem was drawn from the Israel National Population Registry: 970 Palestinians and 712 Israelis participated. PA in a typical week was assessed by the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) questionnaire. Energy expenditure (EE), calculated in metabolic equivalents (METs), was compared between groups for moderate to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and for domain-specific prevalence rates of meeting public health guidelines and all-domain insufficient PA. Correlates of insufficient PA were assessed by multivariable logistic modeling.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Palestinian men had the highest median of MVPA (4740 METs-min_*wk^-1) compared to Israeli men (2,205 METs-min_*wk^-1<it>p </it>< 0.0001), or to Palestinian and Israeli women, who had similar medians (2776 METs-min_*wk^-1). Two thirds (65%) of the total MVPA reported by Palestinian women were derived from domestic chores compared to 36% in Israeli women and 25% among Palestinian and Israeli men. A high proportion (63%) of Palestinian men met the PA recommendations by occupation/domestic activity, compared to 39% of Palestinian women and 37% of the Israelis. No leisure time PA was reported by 42% and 39% of Palestinian and Israeli men (<it>p </it>= 0.337) and 53% and 28% of Palestinian and Israeli women (<it>p </it>< 0.0001). Palestinian women reported the lowest level of walking. Considering all domains, 26% of Palestinian women were classified as insufficiently active versus 13% of Palestinian men (<it>p </it>< 0.0001) who did not differ from the Israeli sample (14%). Middle-aged and elderly and less educated Palestinian women, and unemployed and pensioned Palestinian men were at particularly high risk of inactivity. Socio-economic indicators only partially explained the ethnic disparity.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Substantial proportions of Palestinian women, and subgroups of Palestinian men, are insufficiently active. Culturally appropriate intervention strategies are warranted, particularly for this vulnerable population.</p

The cumulative effect of core lifestyle behaviours on the prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia

Background: Most cardiovascular disease (CVD) occurs in the presence of traditional risk factors, including hypertension and dyslipidemia, and these in turn are influenced by behavioural factors such as diet and lifestyle. Previous research has identified a group at low risk of CVD based on a cluster of inter-related factors: body mass index (BMI) < 25 Kg/m2, moderate exercise, alcohol intake, non-smoking and a favourable dietary pattern. The objective of this study was to determine whether these factors are associated with a reduced prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia in an Irish adult population. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional survey of 1018 men and women sampled from 17 general practices. Participants completed health, lifestyle and food frequency questionnaires and provided fasting blood samples for analysis of glucose and insulin. We defined a low risk group based on the following protective factors: BMI <25 kg/m2; waist-hip ratio (WHR) <0.85 for women and <0.90 for men; never smoking status; participants with medium to high levels of physical activity; light alcohol consumption (3.5–7 units of alcohol/week) and a "prudent" diet. Dietary patterns were assessed by cluster analysis. Results: We found strong significant inverse associations between the number of protective factors and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and dyslipidemia. The prevalence odds ratio of hypertension in persons with 1, 2, 3, ≥ 4 protective factors relative to those with none, were 1.0, 0.76, 0.68 and 0.34 (trend p < 0.01). The prevalence odds ratio of dyslipidemia in persons with 1, 2, 3, ≥ 4 protective factors relative to those with none were 0.83, 0.98, 0.49 and 0.24 (trend p = 0.001). Conclusion: Our findings of a strong inverse association between low risk behaviours and two of the traditional risk factors for CVD highlight the importance of 'the causes of the causes' and the potential for behaviour modification in CVD prevention at a population level

A prospective Swedish study on body size, body composition, diabetes, and prostate cancer risk

Obesity may be associated with increased risk of prostate cancer (PCa). According to one hypothesis, obesity could lower the risk of non-aggressive tumours, while simultaneously increasing the risk of aggressive cancer. Furthermore, central adiposity may be independently associated with PCa risk; it is also associated with diabetes, which itself may influence risk of PCa. We studied the associations between height, body composition, and fat distribution, diabetes prevalence and risk of total, aggressive, and non-aggressive PCa in 10 564 initially cancer-free men (aged 45–73 years) of the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. Anthropometric and body composition measurements, including bioelectrical impedance for estimation of fat mass, were performed by study nurses. Diabetes prevalence was self-reported. Cancer cases and clinical characteristics were ascertained through national and regional registry data. Dietary and other background data were obtained through a modified diet history method and an extensive questionnaire. During a mean follow-up of 11.0 years, 817 incidental PCa cases were diagnosed. Of these, 281 were classified as aggressive. There were 202 cases occurring before 65 years of age. Height was positively associated with total and non-aggressive PCa risk. Waist–hip ratio (WHR), a measure of central adiposity, was positively associated with PCa before age 65, and less strongly, with total PCa. This association was independent of body mass index (BMI) and other potential confounders. General adiposity, expressed as BMI or body fat percentage, and prevalent diabetes were not associated with PCa risk. In this study, WHR and body height were stronger PCa predictors than general adiposity