Improving the maneuverability of vehicles by using front swivel axles with separate electric wheels

There is a need for vehicles to maneuver when there are traffic jams, to overcome narrow streets and various obstacles. This leads to increased requirements for dynamism and maneuverability of vehicles. The authors present the results of the development and research of the steering control of the vehicle, which provides increased maneuverability. Such circumstances significantly affect the increase in maneuverability of wheeled vehicles, including tractors, for which the use of front suspension axles is possible in terms of layout. The use of a front swing axle with electric motor-wheels with separate control will increase the maneuverability of a two-axle vehicle and minimize the steering effort when turning. When solving the task, a mathematical model of the movement of the vehicle on a turn was created. The forces in the contact of the wheels with the road surface were determined, which made it possible to determine the forces and moments of resistance to the rotation of the front axle. Rational laws of control of turning the front axle, providing minimal resistance to the movement of the vehicle, were obtained. A vehicle turning control option is proposed, in which the wheels of the outer and inner sides are alternately braked when the vehicle enters and exits the turn. In addition, it is possible to alternately create a torque difference on the wheels of the outer and inner sides of the front axle. Using the proposed turn control options, it is possible to create a multi-axle vehicle with a rocking axle. The materials of the article on the controllability of vehicles depending on the design of the steering and front axle are of interest to researchers, designers of mobile equipment, graduate students and students of engineering specialtie

What Motivates Ukrainian Women to Choose a Military Service in Warfare?

Despite the fact that large-scale active hostilities have been ongoing in Ukraine since 2014, in recent years there has been a tendency to increase the number of women who want to connect their lives with the military profession.Objectives: to identify the characteristics of the professional motivation of female military personnel (N = 477) of the National Guard of Ukraine with different professional status.Methodology: the survey method using three questionnaires: “Questionnaire for determining the effectiveness of the service and combat missions by female military personnel”, “Questionnaire for studying the motivation for the professional choice of a law enforcement profession”, “Questionnaire for the study of the socio-psychological characteristics of women in military service”.Results. The survey revealed the types of motivation that ensure the adaptation and self-realization of women in the military sphere: among female contract service members the pragmatic type prevails, and by female cadets – institutional type. For female cadets who had just begun to study the military profession, the main motives for choosing were self-realization in professional activity, achieving success in a military career and usefulness to society. Female contract service members with experience of military service consider professional self-realization and material support as the main motives when choosing a profession. Currently, these motives contribute to the high-quality performance of official duties by Ukrainian women military personnel and ensure the high efficiency of their service in ordinary and extreme conditions.</em

Methodology for the formation of university teacher readiness for the digitalization of the educational process

The article discusses the methodology of forming the teacher's readiness to use the electronic educational environment by immersion technology. The relevance of the study is determined by the challenges of our time. During the pandemic, all educational institutions of the Russian Federation had to switch to distance learning for students. Which presupposes possession of digital technologies by all participants in the educational process. To bridge the «digital divide» in the student-teacher relationship, a methodology has been developed to improve the qualifications of the teaching staff, which allows them to organize their professional activities using digital technologies. The leading method of researching this problem was a pedagogical experiment conducted among teachers and students, which made it possible to identify a positive trend in the willingness of teachers to use the capabilities of the University's electronic information and educational environment based on the results of the proposed methodology. The article clarifies the structure of a teacher's readiness to use the electronic information and educational environment of an educational organization, substantiates the effectiveness of the methodology for the formation of readiness using immersion technology

Psychological Markers of Suicides in Military Service During Wartime: A Contemporary Example

To determine the types of suicidal activity of Ukrainian military personnel who took part in hostilities in 2014-2016 in the War in the East of Ukraine. The materials of the post-mortem pathopsychological research of the Ukrainian military personnel who participated in hostilities and committed suicide in the interval 2014-2016 were analyzed. Psychodiagnostical data of suicides was used according to the following methodologies: R. Cattell’s 16-factor Questionnaire, “Suicidal Risk Questionnaire”, “Determining the Type of Accentuation of Character Traits and Temperament”, “Adaptability”. Cluster analysis was used to identify the personality types of the military personnel who committed suicide. It was revealed that the increase in suicides occurred at the expense of professionally and psychologically unprepared military who signed the first contract, as well as conscripted during martial law period, volunteers. It was found out that all suicides originated from destructive families, that had problems in civilian life. Combat psychological trauma followed by alcohol use provoked suicides in the period of early adaptation to combat conditions. “Demonstratively-exalted” type of suicidal activity, allowed determining that suicides in the period 2014-2016 were associated with a violation of adaptation to combat conditions, as-well-as the inability to compensate adequately the accentuated character traits formed in civilian life

XANES Measurements for Studies of Adsorbed Protein Layers at Liquid Interfaces

X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra for protein layers adsorbed at liquid interfaces in a Langmuir trough have been recorded for the first time. We studied the parkin protein (so-called E3 ubiquitin ligase), which plays an important role in pathogenesis of Parkinson disease. Parkin contains eight Zn binding sites, consisting of cysteine and histidine residues in a tetracoordinated geometry. Zn K-edge XANES spectra were collected in the following two series: under mild radiation condition of measurements (short exposition time) and with high X-ray radiation load. XANES fingerprint analysis was applied to obtain information on ligand environments around zinc ions. Two types of zinc coordination geometry were identified depending on X-ray radiation load. We found that, under mild conditions, local zinc environment in our parkin preparations was very similar to that identified in hemoglobin, treated with a solution of ZnCl2 salt. Under high X-ray radiation load, considerable changes in the zinc site structure were observed; local zinc environment appeared to be almost identical to that defined in Zn-containing enzyme alkaline phosphatase. The formation of a similar metal site in unrelated protein molecules, observed in our experiments, highlights the significance of metal binding templates as essential structural modules in protein macromolecules