Adhesion Formation and Intraperitoneal Catheters

OBJECTIVE: Aim of the present study was to determine effect of silicone and polyvinyl chloride in a rat model. STUDY DESIGN: A randomised blind study was performed using a rat model of laparotomy. Setting: Surgical Research laboratory in a university medical school. İntervention(s): Fifty four rats were divided into three groups:Group 1 (n:18),simple laparotomy; and group 2 (n:18) polyvinyl chloride were placed intraperitoneally;Group 3 (n:18),silicone was placed intraperitoneally. Main outcome measure(s): Three weeks after laparotomy,repeat laparotomy was performed and the adhesions were scored. RESULT General adhesion scores in groups 2 and 3 were higher than in group 1 (p<0.05). İn group 1, none of the rats presented adhesion.The results for groups 2 and 3 were similar. CONCLUSIONS: The overall adhesions score did not differed significantly between groups 2,3.Silicone and polyvinyl chloride causes adhesion development in rat model

Effect of Ovulation Induction on Ovarian Histologies in a Rat Model

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of human menopausal gonadotropin(HMG) and follitropinBeta (rFSH) on the ovarian histologies in a rat model. STUDY DESING:Thirty-nine female, one-year old rats were enrolled for the trial. They were divided into three groups. In the first group, 13 rats received, six cycles of ovulation induction with human menapausal gonadotropin.In the second group, 13 rats received six cycles of ovulation induction with folitropin beta the third study group consisted of 13 rats which received six cycles of saline intramuscularly. RESULT: The mean number of the cells that stained positive for Ki-67 was 42.3±20.6, 44.9±27.3and 42.5±24.8 in the folicles, respectively.The mean number of cells that stained positive for Ki-67 in epithelium was 0.15±0.42, 0.04±0.14,0.05±0.18, respectively. The mean dysplasiascore was 2.46±2.10, 1.69±13 and 1.62±1.89 in the ovarian epithelial cells respectively. CONCLUSION:Development of malignant lesion were not found in any of the rat ovaries after ovulation induction. As a result of this study, we found out that human menapausal gonodotropin and folitropin beta used in treatment of infertility, when administered for six cycles in accordence with the dosage determined, do not have the potential to develop neoplasia in rats

Effects of Spray Gel Compared with The Methods of Using Interceed Seprafilm and Ringer Lactate for The Prevention of The Postoperative Adhesions

OBJECTIVE: To compare the spray gel with the methods of using interceed, seprafilm or intraperitoneal lavage with ringer lactate, which are used to prevent the postoperative adhesions. STUDY DESIGN: The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups each including 10 rats. Laparatomy was performed via lower median incision. The first group (group 1) served as the control (nothing was given to prevent the adhesion). In group 2, 4 cc. Ringer lactate solution was instilled into the peritoneal cavity before abdominal closure. In group 3 Interceed (2 x 3 cm) was placed to the adhesion region. In the group 4 Seprafilm (2 x 3 cm) was used for to prevent adhesions. In the last group (group 5) spray gel was used 1 - 2 cc. to form 2 mm. thickness on the cauterized surface..Statistical evaluation was made using analysis of variance Kruskal - Wallis and Mann - Whitney U Tests and the results were accepted to be significant if the P<0.01. RESULTS: The postoperative average adhesion scores were found significantly decreased on the ringer lactate (p=0,00l), interceed (p=0,00l), seprafilm (p<0,001) and spray gel (p<0,001), groups compared to the control group.There were no statistical significant differences between the average adhesion scores of the groups which used spray gel: ringer lactate (p=0,473), interceed (P=0,888), and seprafilm (p= 1 ,000).(P>0,005). CONCLUSION: The effectiveness of the spray gel for the prevention of adhesion formation is found similar to the methods of ringer lactate, interceed and seprafilm

Her-2 Durumu İmmünohistokimya ile Negatif olan İnvaziv Meme Karsinomlarında İn Situ Hibridizasyon Yöntemi ile Değerlendirme (Ulusal Çok Merkezli Çalışma)

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Her-2 durumları önceden immünohistokimyasal olarak skor 0 veya 1+ olarak tanımlanmış meme karsinomu olgularında silver in situ hibridizasyon ile tekrar test yapılarak Her-2 pozitiflik oranının tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 9 merkezin katkısıyla, 552 olgu değerlendirildi. Çalışmaya, Her-2 immünohistokimya sonucu 0/1+ bulunmuş meme kanseri olguları alındı. Bu olgulara ait parafin blok kesitlerinde merkez laboratuvarında Her-2 durumu silver in situ hibridizasyon yöntemiyle yeniden değerlendirildi. Her-2 gen amplifikasyonu, Her-2/ CEP 17 oranının 2,2’den fazla olması şeklinde tanımlandı. Her-2/CEP 17 oranı 1,8-2,0 arasındaki olgular şüpheli ve 1,8’in altındaki olgular ise negatif olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: 552 olgunun in situ hibridizasyon ile tekrar değerlendirmesinde skor 0 olan olguların 11’i (%3,2) ve skor 1+ olanların 11’i (%5,3) olmak üzere toplam 22 olguda Her-2 gen amplifikasyonu saptandı. Skor 0 ve 1+ olan olgulardaki Her-2 gen amplifikasyon saptama oranları çalışma merkezlerinde %0 ile %10,48 arasında değişmekteydi. Skor 0 olan olguların 28’inde (%8,1) ve skor 1+ olan olguların 25’inde (%12,1) polizomi görüldü. Polizomi olan olgulardan 5’inde (%9,4) Her-2 gen amplifikasyonu olduğu, 48’inde ise (%90,6) olmadığı belirlendi. Sonuç: Çalışmanın bulguları, anti- Her-2 tedaviden yararlanma potansiyeli olan bir popülasyonun (%3,98) immünohistokimya yöntemi ile gözden kaçabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu sonuç, özellikle de çok sayıda meme kanseri olgusuyla karşılaşılan merkezi laboratuvarlarda kalite güvencesinin önemini ortaya koymaktadır.Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the rate of Her-2 gene amplification in breast cancer cases with a previous negative Her-2 result as determined by immunohistochemistry (score 0 or 1). Material and Method: 552 cases of invasive breast carcinoma were assessed with the contribution of 9 centers. Previous immunohistochemistry score was either 0 or 1+ in all cases. These cases were re-tested by Her-2 silver in situ hybridization in the central laboratory. Her-2 gene amplification was defined as Her-2/CEP 17 ratio of more than 2.2. Cases with a ratio between 1.8 and 2.0 were defined as equivocal and cases with a ratio of less than 1.8 were defined as negative. Results: Re-testing of the 552 cases with silver in situ hybridization showed a total of 22 cases with Her-2 gene amplification, of which 11 (3.2%) were found to be score 0, and 11 were found to be score 1+ (5.3%) by immunohistochemistry previously. Her-2 gene amplification rate of cases (score 0 and 1+) ranged from 0% to 10.48% among the centers. Polysomy was found in 28 (8.1%) of the score 0 cases and 25 (12.1%) among the score 1+ cases. Five (9.4%) of the cases with polysomy were found to be amplified, and 48 (90.6%) were not. Conclusion: The results of the study show that a group of cases (3.98%) with a potential to benefit from anti-Her-2 therapy may be missed with the immunohistochemical method. This indicates the importance of quality assurance, especially in central laboratories with many breast cancer cases in daily practice

In situ hybridization analysis of invasive breast carcinomas with immunohistochemically negative her-2 status (a national multicenter study)

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the rate of Her-2 gene amplification in breast cancer cases with a previous negative Her-2 result as determined by immunohistochemistry (score 0 or 1). Material and Method: 552 cases of invasive breast carcinoma were assessed with the contribution of 9 centers. Previous immunohistochemistry score was either 0 or 1+ in all cases. These cases were re-tested by Her-2 silver in situ hybridization in the central laboratory. Her-2 gene amplification was defined as Her-2/CEP 17 ratio of more than 2.2. Cases with a ratio between 1.8 and 2.0 were defined as equivocal and cases with a ratio of less than 1.8 were defined as negative. Results: Re-testing of the 552 cases with silver in situ hybridization showed a total of 22 cases with Her-2 gene amplification, of which 11 (3.2%) were found to be score 0, and 11 were found to be score 1+ (5.3%) by immunohistochemistry previously. Her-2 gene amplification rate of cases (score 0 and 1+) ranged from 0% to 10.48% among the centers. Polysomy was found in 28 (8.1%) of the score 0 cases and 25 (12.1%) among the score 1+ cases. Five (9.4%) of the cases with polysomy were found to be amplified, and 48 (90.6%) were not. Conclusion: The results of the study show that a group of cases (3.98%) with a potential to benefit from anti-Her-2 therapy may be missed with the immunohistochemical method. This indicates the importance of quality assurance, especially in central laboratories with many breast cancer cases in daily practice

In Situ Hybridization Analysis of Invasive Breast Carcinomas with Immunohistochemically Negative Her-2 Status (A National Multicenter Study)

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the rate of Her-2 gene amplification in breast cancer cases with a previous negative Her-2 result as determined by immunohistochemistry (score 0 or 1). Material and Method: 552 cases of invasive breast carcinoma were assessed with the contribution of 9 centers. Previous immunohistochemistry score was either 0 or 1+ in all cases. These cases were re-tested by Her-2 silver in situ hybridization in the central laboratory. Her-2 gene amplification was defined as Her-2/CEP 17 ratio of more than 2.2. Cases with a ratio between 1.8 and 2.0 were defined as equivocal and cases with a ratio of less than 1.8 were defined as negative. Results: Re-testing of the 552 cases with silver in situ hybridization showed a total of 22 cases with Her-2 gene amplification, of which 11 (3.2%) were found to be score 0, and 11 were found to be score 1+ (5.3%) by immunohistochemistry previously. Her-2 gene amplification rate of cases (score 0 and 1+) ranged from 0% to 10.48% among the centers. Polysomy was found in 28 (8.1%) of the score 0 cases and 25 (12.1%) among the score 1+ cases. Five (9.4%) of the cases with polysomy were found to be amplified, and 48 (90.6%) were not. Conclusion: The results of the study show that a group of cases (3.98%) with a potential to benefit from anti-Her-2 therapy may be missed with the immunohistochemical method. This indicates the importance of quality assurance, especially in central laboratories with many breast cancer cases in daily practice