18 research outputs found
Light-Induced Transitions of Polar State and Domain Morphology of Photo-Ferroelectric Nanoparticles
Using the Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire approach, we study light-induced phase
transitions, evolution of polar state and domain morphology in
photo-ferroelectric nanoparticles (NPs). Light exposure increases the free
carrier density near the NP surface and may in turn induce phase transitions
from the nonpolar paraelectric to the polar ferroelectric phase. Using the
uniaxial photo-ferroelectric Sn2P2S6 as an example, we show that visible light
exposure induces the appearance and vanishing of striped, labyrinthine or
curled domains and changes in the polarization switching hysteresis loop shape
from paraelectric curves to double, pinched and single loops, as well as the
shifting in the position of the tricritical point. Furthermore, we demonstrate
that an ensemble of non-interacting photo-ferroelectric NPs may exhibit
superparaelectric-like features at the tricritical point, such as strongly
frequency-dependent giant piezoelectric and dielectric responses, which can
potentially be exploited for piezoelectric applications.Comment: 42 pages, 7 figures, including 14 pages Supplement with 6 figure
The strain-induced transitions of the piezoelectric, pyroelectric and electrocaloric properties of the CuInPS films
The low-dimensional ferroelectrics, ferrielectrics and antiferroelectrics are
of urgent scientific interest due to their unusual polar, piezoelectric,
electrocaloric and pyroelectric properties. The strain engineering and strain
control of the ferroelectric properties of layered 2D Van der Waals materials,
such as CuInP(S,Se) monolayers, thin films and nanoflakes, are of
fundamental interest and especially promising for their advanced applications
in nanoscale nonvolatile memories, energy conversion and storage, nano-coolers
and sensors. Here, we study the polar, piezoelectric, electrocaloric and
pyroelectric properties of thin strained films of a ferrielectric
CuInPS covered by semiconducting electrodes and reveal an unusually
strong effect of a mismatch strain on these properties. In particular, the sign
of the mismatch strain and its magnitude determine the complicated behavior of
piezoelectric, electrocaloric and pyroelectric responses. The strain effect on
these properties is opposite, i.e., "anomalous", in comparison with many other
ferroelectric films, for which the out-of-plane remanent polarization,
piezoelectric, electrocaloric and pyroelectric responses increase strongly for
tensile strains and decrease or vanish for compressive strains.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, to be presented at the VI Lithuanian-Polish
Meeting on Physics of Ferroelectric
Electrocaloric Response of the Dense Ferroelectric Nanocomposites
Using the Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire approach and effective media models, we
calculated the spontaneous polarization, dielectric, pyroelectric, and
electrocaloric properties of BaTiO core-shell nanoparticles. We predict
that the synergy of size effects and Vegard stresses can significantly improve
the electrocaloric cooling (2- 7 times) of the BaTiO nanoparticles with
diameters (10-100) nm stretched by (1-3)% in comparison with a bulk BaTiO.
To compare with the proposed and other known models, we measured the
capacitance-voltage and current-voltage characteristics of the dense
nanocomposites consisting of (28 -35) vol.% of the BaTiO nanoparticles
incorporated in the poly-vinyl-butyral and ethyl-cellulose polymers covered by
Ag electrodes. We determined experimentally the effective dielectric
permittivity and losses of the dense composites at room temperature. According
to our analysis, to reach the maximal electrocaloric response of the core-shell
ferroelectric nanoparticles incorporated in different polymers, the dense
composites should be prepared with the nanoparticles volume ratio of more than
25 % and fillers with low heat mass and conductance, such as Ag nanoparticles,
which facilitate the heat transfer from the ferroelectric nanoparticles to the
polymer matrix. In general, the core-shell ferroelectric nanoparticles
spontaneously stressed by elastic defects, such as oxygen vacancies or any
other elastic dipoles, which create a strong chemical pressure, are relevant
fillers for electrocaloric nanocomposites suitable for advanced applications as
nano-coolers.Comment: 38 pages, including 10 figures and 2 appendixe
A key to the species of Hyphodontia sensu lato
A dichotomous key to all currently accepted species of Hyphodontia in the broad sense is presented. It consists of a key to genera (Alutaceodontia, Botryodontia, Chaetoporellus, Deviodontia, Hastodontia, Hyphodontia s. str., Kneiffiella, Lagarobasidium, Lyomyces, Palifer, Rogersella, Schizopora, Xylodon) and detailed keys to species level within genera. The key also includes taxa which were published under preliminary names (such as ‘Hyphodontia species A’) and some taxa which require taxonomic clarification (like Hyphodontia macrescens). Some recently describes Hyphodontia species are placed in the keys to Palifer and Xylodon due to their morphology
Research on the basis of foam glass substrates with additions of copper compounds
Obtained artificial substrates, representing a porous glass (foam glass) with additives of 3 to 10% of the mass. copper ions. Glass raw materials were used as raw materials for the synthesis of substrates. In order to create open porosity, a carbonate blowing agent (chalk) was introduced into the initial mixture. Foaming additive served as sodium nitrate, a source of copper ions - copper sulfate (copper sulfate). A distinctive feature of the synthesis method was the combination of wetting the initial mixture and its rapid heating to maximum temperature. This mode was used to increase the porosity of the resulting structure. It was found that the water absorption of the obtained substrates increases with an increase in the concentration of copper ions in them. The resulting materials, due to the increased content of copper ions in them, may have a fungicidal effect. Perhaps their use in crop production, landscape design, the construction industry in conditions of high humidity
Phylogenetic and morphological studies in Xylodon (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) with the addition of four new species
Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kasse
Phase Transitions in Ferroelectric Domain Walls
Despite multiple efforts, there exist many unsolved fundamental problems
related with detection and analysis of internal polarization structure and
related phase transitions in ferroelectric domain walls. Their solution can be
very important for the progress in domain wall nanoelectronics and related
applications in advanced memories and other information technologies. Here we
study theoretically the features of phase transitions in the domain walls,
which are potentially detectable by the scanning probe capacitance microwave
microscopy. The finite element modeling based on the Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire
theory is performed for the capacitance changes related with the domain wall
motion in a multiaxial ferroelectric BaTiO3.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
Rad51 Protein from the Thermotolerant Yeast Pichia angusta as a Typical but Thermodependent Member of the Rad51 Family
The Rad51 protein from the methylotrophic yeast Pichia angusta (Rad51(Pa)) of the taxonomic complex Hansenula polymorpha is a homolog of the RecA-RadA-Rad51 protein superfamily, which promotes homologous recombination and recombination repair in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. We cloned the RAD51 gene from the cDNA library of the thermotolerant P. angusta strain BKM Y1397. Induction of this gene in a rad51-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain partially complemented the survival rate after ionizing radiation. Purified Rad51(Pa) protein exhibited properties typical of the superfamily, including the stoichiometry of binding to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) (one protomer of Rad51(Pa) per 3 nucleotides) and DNA specificity for ssDNA-dependent ATP hydrolysis [poly(dC) > poly(dT) > φX174 ssDNA > poly(dA) > double-stranded M13 DNA]. An inefficient ATPase and very low cooperativity for ATP interaction position Rad51(Pa) closer to Rad51 than to RecA. Judging by thermoinactivation, Rad51(Pa) alone was 20-fold more thermostable at 37°C than its S. cerevisiae homolog (Rad51(Sc)). Moreover, it maintained ssDNA-dependent ATPase and DNA transferase activities up to 52 to 54°C, whereas Rad51(Sc) was completely inactive at 47°C. A quick nucleation and an efficient final-product formation in the strand exchange reaction promoted by Rad51(Pa) occurred only at temperatures above 42°C. These reaction characteristics suggest that Rad51(Pa) is dependent on high temperatures for activity