Self-Organized Criticality Theory of Autoimmunity

博士（保健学）神戸大

共働き家庭の児童のLINE使用 : 実例とフォローアップインタビューから

Meiji University会議名: 言語資源活用ワークショップ2019, 開催地: 国立国語研究所, 会期: 2019年9月2日−4日, 主催: 国立国語研究所 コーパス開発センター本稿では、筆者が現在構築中の『M-ZAK LINEデータベース』に収録されている小学1年生、小学4年生の兄弟とその母親とのLINEデータをもとに、LINEにおける小学生の言語活動と、その内容を分析する。分析にあたっては、児童の生活環境を詳しく聞き取り、LINEが利用される背景とともに、決して希薄化するばかりではない現代のコミュニケーションの側面を、長男、次男、そして母親の「感情の表出」と捉えられる場面を中心に考察を行った

LINEデータベースの設計と属性情報付与の現状について

National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics会議名: 言語資源活用ワークショップ2018, 開催地: 国立国語研究所, 会期: 2018年9月4日-5日, 主催: 国立国語研究所 コーパス開発センター本稿では，現在構築中の「LINEデータベース」の設計と現状について，①データ収集方法，②データ提供者と参加者の属性，③研究用データベースとしての加工を，具体例とともに報告した。2016年から収集を始めた本LINEデータベースへの協力者は，2018年6月時点で延べ183名，約35,800行2のデータである

CD133 facilitates epithelial-mesenchymal transition through interaction with the ERK pathway in pancreatic cancer metastasis

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease due to the high incidence of metastasis at the time of detection. CD133 expression in clinical pancreatic cancer correlates with poor prognosis and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanism of CD133-regulated metastasis remains unclear. In recent years, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been linked to cancer invasion and metastasis. In the present study we investigated the role of CD133 in pancreatic cancer metastasis and its potential regulatory network. METHODS: A highly migratory pancreatic cancer cell line, Capan1M9, was established previously. After shRNA was stable transducted to knock down CD133 in Capan1M9 cells, gene expression was profiled by DNA microarray. Orthotopic, splenic and intravenous transplantation mouse models were set up to examine the tumorigenesis and metastatic capabilities of these cells. In further experiments, real-time RT-PCR, Western blot and co-immunoprecipitate were conducted to evaluate the interactions of CD133, Slug, N-cadherin, ERK1/2 and SRC. RESULTS: We found that CD133(+) human pancreatic cancer cells were prone to generating metastatic nodules in in vivo models using immunodeficient mice. In contrast, CD133 knockdown suppressed cancer invasion and metastasis in vivo. Gene profiling analysis suggested that CD133 modulated mesenchymal characteristics including the expression of EMT-related genes, such as Slug and N-cadherin. These genes were down-regulated following CD133 knockdown. Moreover, CD133 expression could be modulated by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and SRC signaling pathways. The binding of CD133 to ERK1/2 and SRC acts as an indispensable mediator of N-cadherin expression. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that CD133 plays a critical role in facilitating the EMT regulatory loop, specifically by upregulating N-cadherin expression, leading to the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. Our study provides a novel insight into the function of CD133 in the EMT program and a better understanding of the mechanism underlying the involvement of CD133 in pancreatic cancer metastasis

Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171 Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice

We recently reported that Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171 (LH2171) inhibited the proliferation and inflammatory cytokine production of primary immune cells in vitro, and alleviated collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice, a model of human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we newly investigated whether LH2171 could relieve the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a murine model of multiple sclerosis (MS), which is an autoimmune disease, but develop the symptoms by different mechanisms from RA. In MS and EAE, main cause of the disease is the abnormality in CD4+ T cell immunity, whereas in RA and CIA, is that in antibody-mediated immunity. The intraperitoneal administration of LH2171 significantly decreased the incidence and clinical score of EAE in mice. LH2171 also reduced the numbers of pathogenic immune cells, especially Th17 cells, in the spinal cord at the peak stage of disease severity. Interestingly, before the onset of EAE, LH2171 administration remarkably decreased the ratio of Th17 cells to CD4+ T cells in the inguinal lymph nodes (LNs), where pathogenic immune cells are activated to infiltrate the central nervous system, including the spinal cord. Furthermore, the expression of interleukin (IL)-6, an inflammatory cytokine essential for Th17 differentiation, decreased in the LNs of LH2171-administered mice. Moreover, LH2171 significantly inhibited IL-6 production in vitro from both DC2.4 and RAW264.7 cells, model cell lines of antigen-presenting cells. These findings suggest that LH2171 might down-regulate IL-6 production and the subsequent Th17 differentiation and spinal cord infiltration, consequently alleviating EAE symptoms

Pulmonary Artery Leiomyosarcoma Diagnosed without Delay

A 63-year-old female presented with abnormal lung shadows but had, apart from this, few symptoms. Computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple nodules and blockage of the pulmonary artery. She was immediately diagnosed with pulmonary artery sarcoma based on a careful differential diagnosis and underwent surgery. Her tumor was pathologically diagnosed as leiomyosarcoma (i.e. intimal sarcoma). Pulmonary artery sarcoma can be easily confounded with thromboembolism in a clinical setting and some cases are diagnosed post mortem only. In our case, clinical prediction scores (Wells score, Geneva score, and revised Geneva score) for the pulmonary embolism showed low probability. Moreover, chest CT showed uncommon findings for pulmonary thromboembolism, as the nodules were too big for thrombi. Because surgical resection can provide the only hope of long-term survival in cases of pulmonary artery sarcoma, clinicians should consider this possibility in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Clinical prediction scores and CT findings might help to reach the correct diagnosis of pulmonary artery sarcoma

Thermoreversible behavior of κ-carrageenan and its apatite-forming ability in simulated body fluid

Osteoconductive materials with self-setting ability have received much attention because their properties allow developing injectable materials for bone defects. Thermosensitive hydrogel with ability of bone-like apatite formation in a body environment is a candidate of injectable bone fillers with osteoconductivity because the apatite formation on materials is an essential to show osteoconduction. The present study focused on the development of a thermosensitive hydrogel through modifications of the sulphonic groups of the polysaccharide, κ-carrageenan, with potassium chloride (KCl) and calcium chloride (CaCl2). We found that the gelation temperature of κ-carrageenan solutions increased with increasing amounts of K+ ions. Apatite formation was observed on the gel after exposure to simulated body fluid for 0.5 day when the gel was prepared with a molar ratio of Ca2+/sulfonic groups = 1.5. These results indicate that a thermosensitive κ-carrageenan hydrogel with apatite-forming ability was obtained through the incorporation of K+ and Ca2+ ions into the solution

Catheter-related fungemia due to fluconazole-resistant Candida nivariensis

金沢大学大学院医学系研究科血液情報学We report on a case of fungemia due to fluconazole-resistant Candida nivariensis (MIC, ≥128 μg/ml). Internal transcribed spacer PCR followed by microchip gel electrophoresis with a blood culture that tested positive revealed a unique pattern different from those of other pathogenic yeasts. Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved

BCCWJ小説会話文への話者情報の付与とその活用

National Institute for Japanese Language and LinguisticsNational Institute for Japanese Language and LinguisticsMeiji University会議名: 言語資源活用ワークショップ2019, 開催地: 国立国語研究所, 会期: 2019年9月2日−4日, 主催: 国立国語研究所 コーパス開発センター本稿では「現代日本語書き言葉均衡コーパス」の図書館サブコーパスに含まれる小説（NDCで913, 923など）のサンプルにおける会話文に話者情報を付与した結果とそれを用いた分析について紹介する。付与したサンプル数は2,663サンプルである。付与した話者情報は「話者名、性別、年齢層」（これらは必須）のほか、「話者の社会的属性（職業など）、会話相手の情報、会話モード（電話での会話、方言での会話、外国人の会話等）」なども全てのサンプルにではないが付けている。「話者名、性別、年齢層」については、「中納言」の検索結果に表示することを計画している。また、その他の話者情報は、中納言のサイトからBCCWJ所有者に限りダウンロードできるようにする予定である。分析から分かったこととして以下の4点を挙げる。(1)小説の全センテンスの約4割が会話文であること。(2)性別では女性の会話文が全体の約3割であること。(3)年齢層では約75％が成年層の会話であり，若年層は約20％，老年層は約5％であること。(4)会話モードでは、電話による会話が全体の約4％程度あること。また、方言による会話文が約5,000あり、その多くは大阪を中心とした関西の方言であること