PRODUKTIVITAS DAN LAJU DEKOMPOSISI SERASAH DI EKOSISTEM MANGROVE MANGUNHARJO, KECAMATAN TUGU, KOTA SEMARANG

Ekosistem mangrove mempunyai peranan penting dalam kaitannya dengan produktivitas dan laju dekomposisi serasah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian mengenai produktivitas dan laju dekomposisi serasah di Ekosistem Mangrove Mangunharjo perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi dan gambaran mengenai produktivitas dan laju dekomposisi serasah, mengingat serasah sebagai penyumbang terbesar pada kesuburan estuari dan perairan pantai. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah mengukur produktivitas dan laju dekomposisi serasah serta kandungan unsur hara yang dilepas (C organik, N, dan P) selama proses dekomposisi serasah dan dan keanekaragaman serta dominansi spesies di Ekosistem Mangrove Mangunharjo. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengukur komposisi jenis adalah metode kombinasi antara metode jalur dengan metode garis berpetak. Transek garis berada pada posisi dari arah pantai ke arah darat terdiri atas petak-petak contoh (plot) berbentuk bujur sangkar dengan ukuran 10 m x 10 m untuk pohon. Metode untuk mengukur produktivitas serasah adalah litter-trap yang berukuran 1 x 1 m2. Serasah dari 6 litter trap dikoleksi setiap dua minggu sekali selama dua bulan. Komponen mangrove yaitu daun kemudian beratnya diukur, selanjutnya dikeringkan pada suhu 80 °C sampai berat konstan dengan menggunakan satuan gram/m2/minggu. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengukur laju dekomposisi serasah adalah litter bag, menggunakan kantung serasah berukuran 30 x 40 cm. Daun mangrove kering seberat 35 gram dimasukkan ke dalam kantong serasah lalu diikat di bawah pohon mangrove. Pengambilannya dilakukan 15 hari sekali dengan lama pengambilan 60 hari. Penentuan kadar karbon organik, nitrogen, dan fosfor dilakukan pada contoh daun kering yang telah terurai di Laboratorium Terpadu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa A. marina memiliki produktivitas serasah tertinggi yaitu 26,5 ton/ha/tahun. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produktivitas serasah yaitu kerapatan pohon dan curah hujan. Laju dekomposisi A. marina (k = 0,146) lebih tinggi dibandingkan jenis tumbuhan lain. Selama periode pelapukan serasah jenis Avicennia marina, unsur N dan P yang dilepas semakin banyak dengan semakin lamanya pelapukan serasah tersebut, sebaliknya untuk unsur C. Pelepasan unsur hara ke perairan secara berturut turut yaitu P>N>C. Kata kunci : produktivitas serasah, dekomposisi serasah, ekosistem mangrove Mangunharjo The mangrove ecosystem has an important role to the decomposition rate. Therefore, research on the decomposition rate of litters in Mangunharjo, was necessary to be conducted. This research is expected to provide information and overview on decomposition rate of litters as the biggest contributor to the fertility of estuaries and coastal waters. The aims of this study were to measure the productivity, decomposition rate, and to analyze the nutrient content released (C organic, N, and P) from litters during decomposition process and diversity species in The mangrove ecosystem in Mangunharjo. The method was followed line transect for vegetation analysis. The method used to measure litter productivity was litter-trap with a size of 1 x 1 m2. Liiter from 6 litter trap was collected every two weeks for two months. Mangrove components such as leaves, then their weights were measured, and dried at 80 °C to constant weight using units of grams/m2/week. The litter decomposition rate was measured using litter bag with a size of 30 x 40 cm. An amount of 35 g dry leaves were placed in the litter bag and then tied on the steam or roots of the mangrove. Extraction was conducted for 15 days with observation period of 60 days. Determination of organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents was conducted on dried leaves sample that have been decomposed in the Terpadu Laboratory. The result showed that A.marina was the highest litter productivity produced by the leaves was 26,5 ton/ha/year. Factors that affected the litterfall productivity were tree density and rainfall. The decomposition rate of A. marina (k = 0.146) is higher than that of other plant species. During the weathering period of the Avicennia marina type litter, the N and P elements released more and more with the duration of the litter weathering, in contrast to the C element. The release of nutrients into the waters in a row is P> N> C. Keywords : litter decomposition, litter productivity, Mangunharjo mangrove ecosyste

Potential Absorption and Economic Carbon Valuation of Teak (Tectona grandis) at Hasanuddin University City Forest for Supporting Emission Reduction in Makassar City

The diversity of plants/vegetation in the UNHAS City Forest certainly has a positive impact on the environment. One type of plant species in the UNHAS urban forest is Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.). The community views Teak as a plant that only has economic potential because of the quality of its wood, but it is also necessary to know that this plant is suspected to have potential as an environmental service provider. So it is necessary to know more about the ability of teak plants to absorb carbon dioxide. Through this research, estimating carbon stored in Teak stands (Tectona grandis L.f.) was carried out by taking a case study in the City Forest at the Hasanuddin University Campus. The method of collecting emission data was collected from the Bapenas manuscript website, which was used to collect data on the potential of biomass in this study using non-destructive methods. The data collected includes the diameter, height, and specific gravity of teak trees.  The diameter of the teak plant is obtained by surveying each individual teak plant.  The emissions produced by Makassar City in 2022 are 6,944,242.74 tons of CO2eq. Teak trees located in the urban forest of Hasanuddin University then succeeded in reducing 455.93 - 482.48 tons of CO2eq according to carbon absorption calculations.  The economic valuation of carbon reserves located in teak stands in the urban forest of Hasanuddin University ranges from USD 206.76 / Rp. 2,998,020 tons / ha to USD 218.8 / Rp. 3,172,600 tons / h

Potential Absorption and Economic Carbon Valuation of Teak (Tectona grandis) at Hasanuddin University City Forest for Supporting Emission Reduction in Makassar City

The diversity of plants/vegetation in the UNHAS City Forest certainly has a positive impact on the environment. One type of plant species in the UNHAS urban forest is Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.). The community views Teak as a plant that only has economic potential because of the quality of its wood, but it is also necessary to know that this plant is suspected to have potential as an environmental service provider. So it is necessary to know more about the ability of teak plants to absorb carbon dioxide. Through this research, estimating carbon stored in Teak stands (Tectona grandis L.f.) was carried out by taking a case study in the City Forest at the Hasanuddin University Campus. The method of collecting emission data was collected from the Bapenas manuscript website, which was used to collect data on the potential of biomass in this study using non-destructive methods. The data collected includes the diameter, height, and specific gravity of teak trees.  The diameter of the teak plant is obtained by surveying each individual teak plant.  The emissions produced by Makassar City in 2022 are 6,944,242.74 tons of CO2eq. Teak trees located in the urban forest of Hasanuddin University then succeeded in reducing 455.93 - 482.48 tons of CO2eq according to carbon absorption calculations.  The economic valuation of carbon reserves located in teak stands in the urban forest of Hasanuddin University ranges from USD 206.76 / Rp. 2,998,020 tons / ha to USD 218.8 / Rp. 3,172,600 tons / h

Potential Absorption and Economic Carbon Valuation of Teak (Tectona grandis) at Hasanuddin University City Forest for Supporting Emission Reduction in Makassar City

The diversity of plants/vegetation in the UNHAS City Forest certainly has a positive impact on the environment. One type of plant species in the UNHAS urban forest is Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.). The community views Teak as a plant that only has economic potential because of the quality of its wood, but it is also necessary to know that this plant is suspected to have potential as an environmental service provider. So it is necessary to know more about the ability of teak plants to absorb carbon dioxide. Through this research, estimating carbon stored in Teak stands (Tectona grandis L.f.) was carried out by taking a case study in the City Forest at the Hasanuddin University Campus. The method of collecting emission data was collected from the Bapenas manuscript website, which was used to collect data on the potential of biomass in this study using non-destructive methods. The data collected includes the diameter, height, and specific gravity of teak trees.  The diameter of the teak plant is obtained by surveying each individual teak plant.  The emissions produced by Makassar City in 2022 are 6,944,242.74 tons of CO2eq. Teak trees located in the urban forest of Hasanuddin University then succeeded in reducing 455.93 - 482.48 tons of CO2eq according to carbon absorption calculations.  The economic valuation of carbon reserves located in teak stands in the urban forest of Hasanuddin University ranges from USD 206.76 / Rp. 2,998,020 tons / ha to USD 218.8 / Rp. 3,172,600 tons / h

Ethnobotany of Food Plants in The Penghulu Tribe Community in Sarolangun, Jambi

Tribal community in the Bukit Bulan area, Limun District, Sarolangun Regency, Jambi. This research aims to identify the ethnobotany of food plant species by the Penghulu Tribe community in Sarolangun Regency, Jambi Province. This research was conducted in Napal Melintang and Meribung Villages. Research method ethnobotanical data on food plants were obtained through qualitative data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, in contrast, potential data were obtained through vegetation analysis and exploration methods. The study's results identified as many as 88 species from 35 families of food plants originating from cultivation and wild plants, which herbaceous plants dominated. Based on the results of interviews, there are many food plant species in the forest habitat. The part of the plant that is widely used by the community is fruit, and this is because people generally grow fruit in their yards and community gardens. Cultivators mostly use food plants for direct consumption. Conclusion this research The Penghulu tribe community's dependence on food plants is still high because they can utilize, gather, and process them. 88 species of food plants have been identified from 35 families, of which 77 produce carbohydrates, vegetables, and fruit

Mangrove Forest Development Determined For Ecotourism In Mangunharjo Village Semarang

Mangrove forest which has a primary function to prevent abrasion, protection against wind, sea water intrusion prevention, and as an energy producer, in the last few years many have been converted to non-forest land, such as agriculture and fisheries. Therefore it is necessary for an attempt to save mangrove forests one of them is by developing environmental concept based mangrove forest ecotourism. This research aims to develop the potential ecotourism of mangrove forests in Mangunharjo Village, through mangrove condition and interest of the people in Mangunharjo. The methods used were vegetation analysis, ecotourism suitability analysis, interviews, observation, and literature studies. The results of the research shows that Mangunharjo Village mangrove forests have the potential of tourist sites such as fishing, boating and enjoying the natural beauty of the mangrove forest with an ecotourism suitability index of 74.36%. The potential of flora Mangrove Mangunharjo have low biodiversity as it is an artificial mangrove ecosystem, but has the potential of abundant bird diversity that can be done for birdwatching Perception of some of the community supports the tourist development of mangrove forests in Mangunharjo Village because there motivated to improve people's welfare. This research is expected to be an information material about the ecotourism which will be expected as a mangrove conservation managemen

The Effect On Mangrove Density With Sediment Rate in Coastal Pasar Banggi Of Rembang Regency

The existence of mangrove ecosystems in coastal Pasar Banggi serves to protect the shoreline and wildlife habitat as fishing for spawning, nursery, and feeding ground. In addition, mangrove ecosystems can also grab sediments through the root system forming new land. The formation of the new land can eventually be utilized for mangrove growth media either naturally or through the planting activities to support the sustainability of mangrove ecosystems. The method used is vegetation analysis and sediment trap. The results showed that the dominant mangrove species in Coastal Pasar Banggi Rembang were Rhizopora apiculata. The results showed the average value of the highest sedimentation rate at station A 291,479 gr/cm2/day with the lowest average mangrove density of 57822 ind/ha. The lowest average sedimentation rate at station B was 171,095 gr/cm2/day with the highest average mangrove density of 105311 ind/ha, mean medium sedimentation rate at station C was 219,461 gr/cm2/ day with average medium mangrove density of 888089 ind/ha. This research is expected to be an information material about the rate of sedimentation which will be expected as a mangrove conservation management. Based on the results of the research, the relationship between mangrove density and sedimentation rate resulted in negative correlation (-1) meaning that the lower of mangrove density, the higher the sedimentation rate and the higher the mangrove density, the lower the sedimentation rat

The Effect On Mangrove Density With Sediment Rate in Coastal Pasar Banggi Of Rembang Regency

The existence of mangrove ecosystems in coastal Pasar Banggi serves to protect the shoreline and wildlife habitat as fishing for spawning, nursery, and feeding ground. In addition, mangrove ecosystems can also grab sediments through the root system forming new land. The formation of the new land can eventually be utilized for mangrove growth media either naturally or through the planting activities to support the sustainability of mangrove ecosystems. The method used is vegetation analysis and sediment trap. The results showed that the dominant mangrove species in Coastal Pasar Banggi Rembang were Rhizopora apiculata. The results showed the average value of the highest sedimentation rate at station A 291,479 gr/cm2/day with the lowest average mangrove density of 57822 ind/ha. The lowest average sedimentation rate at station B was 171,095 gr/cm2/day with the highest average mangrove density of 105311 ind/ha, mean medium sedimentation rate at station C was 219,461 gr/cm2/ day with average medium mangrove density of 888089 ind/ha. This research is expected to be an information material about the rate of sedimentation which will be expected as a mangrove conservation management. Based on the results of the research, the relationship between mangrove density and sedimentation rate resulted in negative correlation (-1) meaning that the lower of mangrove density, the higher the sedimentation rate and the higher the mangrove density, the lower the sedimentation rat

A Chronicle of Indonesia’s Forest Management: A Long Step towards Environmental Sustainability and Community Welfare

Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world, with 17,000 islands of varying sizes and elevations, from lowlands to very high mountains, stretching more than 5000 km eastward from Sabang in Aceh to Merauke in Papua. Although occupying only 1.3% of the world’s land area, Indonesia possesses the third-largest rainforest and the second-highest level of biodiversity, with very high species diversity and endemism. However, during the last two decades, Indonesia has been known as a country with a high level of deforestation, a producer of smoke from burning forests and land, and a producer of carbon emissions. The aim of this paper is to review the environmental history and the long process of Indonesian forest management towards achieving environmental sustainability and community welfare. To do this, we analyze the milestones of Indonesian forest management history, present and future challenges, and provide strategic recommendations toward a viable Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) system. Our review showed that the history of forestry management in Indonesia has evolved through a long process, especially related to contestation over the control of natural resources and supporting policies and regulations. During the process, many efforts have been applied to reduce the deforestation rate, such as a moratorium on permitting primary natural forest and peat land, land rehabilitation and soil conservation, environmental protection, and other significant regulations. Therefore, these efforts should be maintained and improved continuously in the future due to their significant positive impacts on a variety of forest areas toward the achievement of viable SFM. Finally, we conclude that the Indonesian government has struggled to formulate sustainable forest management policies that balance economic, ecological, and social needs, among others, through developing and implementing social forestry instruments, developing and implementing human resource capacity, increasing community literacy, strengthening forest governance by eliminating ambiguity and overlapping regulations, simplification of bureaucracy, revitalization of traditional wisdom, and fair law enforcement