TEKNOLOGI VACUM FRYING UNTUK PENGGORENGAN KERIPIK JAMUR TIRAM di DESA TALANG BUBUK PLAJU PALEMBANG

The purpose of this activity is to help partners in order to increase the productivity of the oyster mushroom business group through the application of appropriate technology and skills training for diversification of oyster mushroom products. The implementation method consists of two activities, namely (1) making a vacuum frying machine, and (2) training on mushroom chips processing skills. Making vacuum frying includes the process of planning, manufacturing, testing, and training in the use of machines for work partners. Meanwhile, training for partners includes: (1) providing theories and demonstrations on how to use vacuum frying, (2) training on mushroom chips skills and (3) product marketing training. The results of this science and technology program are the realization of a vacuum frying machine with mushroom capacity specifications of 3.5 kg / process, LPG fueled with automatic temperature control, cooling water circulation, 15 liter cooking oil volume, 900 watt power requirements, dimensions 160 x 100 x 100 cm, with an oil heating temperature of 80 oC and temperature changes between 80 - 90⁰ C, frying time ± 1.5 hours (for one frying time). Mushroom diversification resulted from the training of oyster mushroom processing skills in the form of mushroom chips

UNJUK KERJA ROTARY DRYER PADA PROSES PENGERINGAN BIJI KOPI

The dryingprocess is an important step of drying coffee. At present there are mechanical dryer for drying of coffee, oneof them is a rotary dryer for finned heater, as a heat source.Rotary system in this study was used to dry the coffee beans to a minimum water content of 12%, according to the SNI standard, calculate the thermal drying efficiency, calculate the heat transfer coefficient, and calculate the drying rate. The test parameters in this study were drying temperatures varied from 30 ˚C to 70 ˚C and a drying time of 6.5 hours. The results of this study are the value of thermal efficiency obtained ranged from 68.8 - 79%, with a decrease in water content from coffee beans ranging from 25.2 - 11.98%. The value of the heat transfer coefficient in the rotary dryer device is 390.49 - 481.63 kJ / hour. m2oC. The value of drying rate is 1.75 - 2.06 kg / hour.m2 . From the results of calculations and analysis, the optimal drying temperature to desired SNI standards is found at a drying temperature of 70˚C with a drying time of 390 minutes. The performance of the rotary dryer is very good with thermal efficiency values above 60

PERVAPORATION TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR ABSOLUTE ETHANOL PRODUCTION (ETHANOL FUEL GRADE)

Membrane pervaporation of ethanol vapor is a purification process based on grade with a purity level is high enough, so that the resulting product is called fuel grade ethanol. Fuel grade the process of increasing ethanol used as a fuel alternative. In this study the ethanol content is done by pervaporation technology method that utilizes a cellulose nitrate membrane separation media. Studies have been conducted on the effect of pressure on the value of the permeate flux and membrane selectivity in pervaporation process. Results showed that operating conditions at a temperature of 100 - 140oC, linear flow rate of 2.5 m3/ h, the variation of permeate side pressure of 500 mbar, 550 mbar, 600 mbar, 650 mbar and 700 mbar produces flux and selectivity values are declining. Optimum conditions reached at permeate side pressure is 700 mbar with the flux values 3.4673 x 10-5 Kg/m2.h and selectivity 0.1257. In these conditions the produce fuel grade ethanol yield reached 99.48%. Ethanol is converted into fuel feed grade reaches ± 99%, with a total volume of 193 ml of the feed volume 200 ml

Rancang Bangun Alat Screw Extruder Pembuatan Medium Density Fiberboard Berbasis Serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Perekat High Density Polyethylene (Hdpe) (Uji Kinerja Alat Ditinjau dari Efisiensi Screw Extruder)

Penelitian rancang bangun prototipe alat Single Screw Extruder bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) atau papan kayu berkerapatan sedang dengan bahan baku serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) dan perekat dari limbah plastik High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) yang sesuai dengan SNI 01-4449-2006. Pembuatan MDF dari bahan baku limbah TKKS dan HDPE ini diharapkan dapat menangani permasalahan limbah belum termanfaatkan dengan baik sekaligus mengolahnya menjadi produk bernilai jual demi mengatasi urgensi kebutuhan manusia akan papan kayu. Rancang bangun alat Single Screw Extruder ini dilakukan dengan memodifikasi insulasi pada barrel dan penggunaan inverter atau Speed Drive (VSD) pada motor penggerak. Penelitian ini memvariasikan temperatur pemanasan sebesar 210°C, 230°C, dan 250°C; serta putaran screw sebesar 20 rpm, 40 rpm, dan 60 rpm. Dilakukan pengujian terhadap produk papan serat yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan SNI 01-4449-2006 dan didapat nilai kerapatan tertinggi sebesar 0,9843 g/cm3; nilai daya serap terhadap air terendah sebesar 9,39%; nilai kadar air terendah sebesar 1,57%; dan nilai pengembangan tebal terendah sebesar 3,41%.Penelitian rancang bangun prototipe alat Single Screw Extruder bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) atau papan kayu berkerapatan sedang dengan bahan baku serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) dan perekat dari limbah plastik High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) yang sesuai dengan SNI 01-4449-2006. Pembuatan MDF dari bahan baku limbah TKKS dan HDPE ini diharapkan dapat menangani permasalahan limbah belum termanfaatkan dengan baik sekaligus mengolahnya menjadi produk bernilai jual demi mengatasi urgensi kebutuhan manusia akan papan kayu. Rancang bangun alat Single Screw Extruder ini dilakukan dengan memodifikasi insulasi pada barrel dan penggunaan inverter atau Speed Drive (VSD) pada motor penggerak. Penggunaan VSD pada motor listrik dapat menyesuaikan kecepatan screw sesuai dengan yang dibutuhkan dalam proses ekstrusi sehingga mencegah terjadinya penggunaan energi yang sia-sia dan mampu mengurangi biaya listrik. Penelitian ini memvariasikan temperatur pemanasan sebesar 210°C, 230°C, dan 250°C; serta putaran screw sebesar 20 rpm, 40 rpm, dan 60 rpm. Dilakukan pengujian terhadap produk papan serat yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan SNI 01-4449-2006 dan didapat nilai kerapatan tertinggi sebesar 0,9843 g/cm3; nilai daya serap terhadap air terendah sebesar 9,39%; nilai kadar air terendah sebesar 1,57%; dan nilai pengembangan tebal terendah sebesar 3,41%

PENDAMPINGAN PEMBUATAN SUSU SKIM DARI KELAPA SEBAGAI SUMBER GIZI ALTERNATIF DI BANYUASIN

Coconut is a plant that has many uses that grows very well in almost all regions in Indonesia. Banyuasin is the largest coconut plantation producing region in South Sumatra. The main product of coconut processing is Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO). The process of taking coconut milk cream for making VCO or for other purposes produces coconut milk in sufficient amount. But usually this skim is only discarded because it does not produce oil. The use of coconut milk skim is interesting because it can add value to the coconut processing and reduce the waste produced. as an effort to increase the nutritional consumption of the community with the attraction of the diversity of its products, it also aims to increase the durability of the product so as to overcome the problem of space and time limitations. The composition of skim coconut is similar to cow's milk, so that special treatment can be consumed directly. This activity is expected to help government programs in tackling food and nutrition scarcity by producing cheap and affordable coconut skim milk. The results showed that the assistance of making skim milk from coconut was quite attractive and quite liked by the participants

PENYULUHAN PENANGANAN LIMBAH HASIL PEMBUATAN TAHU DI PADANG SELASA BUKIT LAMA, PALEMBANG

The tofu industry in the processing process produces waste, both solid and liquid waste. Tofu liquid waste with characteristics containing high organic matter and high levels of COD, TDS and Ammonia if directly discharged into water bodies, will obviously reduce the carrying capacity of the environment. So it is necessary to conduct counseling on how to handle tofu liquid waste, to reduce the risk of the existing pollution load. Counseling is carried out by conducting question and answer activities to partners regarding the processing of tofu liquid waste, then the partners are given directions regarding the handling of tofu liquid waste, namely by adding a coagulant in the form of PAC to the reservoir before being channeled through a paralon pipe to a septic tank which is devoted to accommodating tofu liquid waste. . After processing the hazardous parameters including COD, TDS, and Ammonia decreased so that they met the quality standards of liquid waste

PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN DENGAN CARA MEMANFAATKAN FLY ASH BATUBARA SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU MEMBRAN SILIKA DALAM UPAYA MEMINIMALISIR LIMBAH B3 DI PT SEMEN BATURAJA OKU

The target of community service assignments in 2018 is productive communities that need development in the field of environmental management, namely employees of the Quality Control Laboratory of PT. Semen Baturaja OKU. Coal ash is a waste unlike gas from combustion, because it is a solid material that is not easily dissolved and is not volatile so it will be more troublesome in handling. If the amount is large and is not handled properly, then the coal ash can pollute the environment especially caused by fly ash and can be sucked by humans and animals can also affect the condition of the surrounding water and soil so that it can kill the plants. The chemical composition of Fly ash is silica, alumina and iron with little calcium, magnesium, sulfate, and other components. Currently coal fly ash is used in cement plants as a mixture of concrete makers. Because of the smoothness and round shape of the granules, the use of fly ash on the concrete mixture can increase the slack on the concrete mixture. The advantages of using fly ash include increasing the strength of concrete, filling the pores in the concrete so that the porosity of the concrete becomes low, while increasing the density of concrete so that it can increase the tightness of concrete to water. The coal fly ash waste that accumulates also occurs in the industry of PT Semen Baturaja Ogan Komering Ulu. PT. Semen Baturaja is one of the largest cement industries in Sumatra that produces PCC (Portland Composite Cement). PCC type cement is cement made by utilizing inorganic additives such as fly ash and trass. Aside from being an additional material for cement, fly ash can also be used as a raw material for making silica membranes which serves to reduce metal content in acid mine drainage. So that the author wishes to socialize the employees and employees of PT Semen Baturaja especially in the BTA II Quality Control laboratory division to disseminate knowledge about the benefits of coal fly ash as raw material for silica membranes in minimizing B3 waste so that environmental management with a friendly environment will achieved

PEMBUATAN METIL ESTER SULFONAT DARI METIL ESTER BERBASIS CRUDE PALM OIL DENGAN VARIASI WAKTU DAN AGENT SULFONASI: MANUFACTURING METHYL ESTER SULFONATE FROM CRUDE PALM OIL-BASED METHYL ESTER WITH VARIATION OF TIME AND SULFONATION AGENT

Surfactants are chemical compounds that are surface active that can reduce surface tension. Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) is an anionic surfactant that can be produced from the reaction of methyl esters made from vegetable oils with sulfonating agents. Palm oil is vegetable oils that can be produced as MES surfactants. This study aims to make MES from methyl esters based on Crude Palm Oil (CPO) with various sulfonating agents (NaHSO3; Na2S2O5; H2SO4 ) and time variations (120; 150; 180; 210; 240 minutes). To speed up the reaction in the sulfonation process, the addition of a 2% Al2O3 catalyst was used. The process of making MES is through the sulfonation process, the next process is the process of purification, neutralization, and drying. The results obtained the best sulfonating agent, namely Na2S2O5 at 240 minutes with a surface tension value of 26.2421 dyne/cm, an acid number of 1.6830 mg KOH/g MES and emulsion stability up to 10 minutes.Surfaktan adalah senyawa kimia dengan sifat aktif permukaan yang dapat mengurangi tegangan permukaan. Metil Ester Sulfonat (MES) termasuk surfaktan anionik yang dihasilkan dengan mereaksikan metil ester berbahan baku minyak nabati dengan agent sulfonasi. Minyak sawit merupakan minyak nabati yang dapat diproduksi sebagai surfaktan MES. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat MES dari metil ester berbasis Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dengan variasi agent  sulfonasi (NaHSO3; Na2S2O5; H2SO4) dan variasi waktu (120; 150; 180; 210; 240 menit). Untuk mempercepat reaksi pada proses sulfonasi digunakan penambahan katalis Al2O3 2%. Proses pembuatan MES yaitu melalui proses sulfonasi, proses selanjutnya yaitu proses pemurnian, netralisasi, dan pengeringan. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan agent sulfonasi terbaik yaitu Na2S2O5 pada waktu 240 menit dengan nilai tegangan permukaan sebesar 26,2421 dyne/cm, bilangan asam 1,6830 mg KOH/g MES dan stabilitas emulsi hingga 10 menit

CHARCOAL BRIQUETTES FROM SOLID WASTE OF CRUDEPALM OIL PRODUCTION AS AN ALTERNATIVE ENERGY

This experiment have purposes for producing solid waste briquettes from the production of Crude Palm Oil, determining optimum condition from the composition and temperature of carbonzation, with the specifications such as moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and calorific value. Methods for this experiment are variations of carbonization temperature from 400oC, 500oC, 600oC, 700oC until 800oC and variations of tapioca adhesion's composition from 7,5,12, until 14. The steps for producing briquettes are preparing material, analyzing material, and analyzing product. The result of experiment shows that briquette with carbonization temperature at 800oC with comparison of solid waste material and tapioca adhesion at 88:12 has optimum moisture content, ash content, and calorific value (7569.21 cal/g). 800oC is optimum temperature which is used to produce briquette with best quality fulfill SNI (Indonesian Standard) . The using of more adhesion will affect to the increasing of briquette's ash content. However, the using of less adhesion will affect to the increasing of briquette's volatile matter