FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF STUDYING THE MODULE «FUNDAMENTALS OF ORTHODOX CULTURE» (ON THE EXAMPLE OF STUDYING THE TOPIC «CHRISTIAN FAMILY»)

The article discusses the experience of studying the topic «Christian Family» as part of teaching the course «Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics». The author of the article reveals the need for active interaction of all participants in the educational process, describes the use of different forms and methods of work in the classroom and extracurricular activities.В статье рассматривается опыт изучения темы «Христианская семья» в рамках преподавания курса «Основы религиозных культур и светской этики». Автор статьи раскрывает необходимость активного взаимодействия всех участников образовательного процесса, описывает использование в урочной и внеурочной деятельности разных форм и методов работы

Оцінка впливу інновацій на збереження ресурсів підприємства

The article is devoted to a topical issue of the influence of innovations on the process of resource saving and increase of efficiency of functioning of enterprises. Resource saving is a necessary condition for effective functioning of an enterprise that contributes to the solution of the problem of the growing demand of manufacturing in resources mainly due to savings and provides for decrease in the resource intensity of the products, and as a result, increases production efficiency through their most efficient use. Steady growth of production in the long term depends not so much on resource opportunities, but on the innovation activity of enterprises. The purpose of writing this article is the assessment of innovation activity of industrial enterprises on the process of resource saving, identification of the patterns and quality parameters of their interconnection by the methods of correlation-regression analysis. For the study and evaluation of the impact of innovation on the consumption of resources in the production process, we proposed scientific methodological approach, based on economic-mathematical simulation of the interaction between innovation and production processes and determining of the results of this relationship in resource saving. The application of this approach to the analysis and evaluation of innovation activities allowed supplementing the classification of factors of resource saving, which unlike the existing classification includes such features as the costs in the direction of innovation activity, namely: the level of general costs for innovation activity; the level of innovation spending on the introduction of new machinery, equipment, installations, other types of main production funds; the level of innovation spending on the introduction of new technologies; the level of spending on research and development. Based on this, we developed a scorecard, which consists of the indicators of resource intensity and efficiency of production, as well as the level of spending on innovation for identification and explanation of the patterns of interaction between the target economic indicators and the studied factors by economic-mathematical modeling and creation of management tool for innovation activity at resource saving at a machine-building enterprise. The proposed algorithm of activities provides the most efficient and economical use of resources and includes the simulation of interaction between innovation and production activity, assessment of the impact of implemented innovations on the production process, forecasting indicators of these processes. Its application allows planning the volume of investments by specific directions of innovation activity and the proper level of resource saving. The key factors of innovation activity were established that influence the efficiency of resource saving, the pattern of their influence on the process of production was defined, the estimation and prediction of economic indicators of functioning businesses were carried out, by which one can plan their value and, consequently, the results of an entity's performance. In addition, categorical apparatus of the theory of management of innovations regarding determining such concepts as "innovation development" and "resource saving" acquired further development

Training in pedagogical design in the course of creation of electronic educational resources

Рассматриваются общие подходы к организации обучения педагогическому дизайну в процессе проектной деятельности по созданию электронных образовательных ресурсовIn article the general approaches to the organization of training in pedagogical design in the course of design activities for creation of electronic educational resources are considere

SOCIAL NETWORKS OF THE INTERNET WITHIN THE THEORY OF AUTOPOIESIS BY NIKLAS LUHMANN

The social networks existing for centuries as social communities in family and companionship, achieved new opportunities of self-updating and public expression with the emergence of the Internet and formation social networks in it. To reveal features of each of these phenomena authors give two definitions of social network. One of them characterizes the social network as a special social community, another emphasizes specifics of social networks of the Internet. By consideration of network interaction in the Internet as a social system authors are guided by the concept of an autopoiesis of N. Luman. Within the social networks of the Internet, according to authors, there is an autopoesis, spontaneous and self-making system which depends on information transfer in the course of interaction between members of network. The system of social networks of the Internet unlike mass media exists due to interpersonal communications. Privacy, personal information is its language and a cultural code

CROWDSOURCING TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEVELOPING CIVIL ACTIVITY IN RUSSIA (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PROJECT «ACTIVE CITIZEN»)

The article considers how crowdsourcing is used in the sphere of the public and municipal administration on the example of the Project «Active Citizen». The paper describes authors’ sociological research and analysis of features of network interaction of the regional authorities, the conclusion about possibility of crowdsourcing application for increase of social citizen activity is drawn

SOCIAL NETWORKS OF THE INTERNET WITHIN THE THEORY OF AUTOPOIESIS BY NIKLAS LUHMANN

The social networks existing for centuries as social communities in family and companionship, achieved new opportunities of self-updating and public expression with the emergence of the Internet and formation social networks in it. To reveal features of each of these phenomena authors give two definitions of social network. One of them characterizes the social network as a special social community, another emphasizes specifics of social networks of the Internet. By consideration of network interaction in the Internet as a social system authors are guided by the concept of an autopoiesis of N. Luman. Within the social networks of the Internet, according to authors, there is an autopoesis, spontaneous and self-making system which depends on information transfer in the course of interaction between members of network. The system of social networks of the Internet unlike mass media exists due to interpersonal communications. Privacy, personal information is its language and a cultural code

CROWDSOURCING TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEVELOPING CIVIL ACTIVITY IN RUSSIA (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PROJECT «ACTIVE CITIZEN»)

The article considers how crowdsourcing is used in the sphere of the public and municipal administration on the example of the Project «Active Citizen». The paper describes authors’ sociological research and analysis of features of network interaction of the regional authorities, the conclusion about possibility of crowdsourcing application for increase of social citizen activity is drawn

The genetic diversity of reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinaceae L.) assessed by isozyme markers

The reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) is a wild-growing rhizomatous perennial cereal plant. This is a valuable forage and decorative crop, widely spread over all the continents except for Antarctic. So far, the reed canarygrass has become rather demanded in many European countries as a source of bioenergy. Among the major advantages of the reed canarygrass are high biomass yield, ecological stability, tolerance, and high seed production. Similar to most of wild-growing plants, the reed canarygrass is poorly studied. In the current study, the genetic diversity of a reed canarygrass collection (42 populations collected in meadow biocenoses of several regions in Russia and some other countries) was investigated using isozyme markers IDH (isocitrate dehydrogenase), GDH (glutamate dehydrogenase), MDH (malate dehydrogenase), ME (malic enzyme), and SKDH (shikimate dehydrogenase). Genetic control of these enzymes was determined in reed canarygrass for the first time. IDH and ME are controlled each by one locus (Idh and Me, respectively), SKDH and GDH have digenic control (loci Skdh1 and -2; Gdh1 and -2, respectively), MDH is controlled by 3 loci (Mdh1, -2 and -3). A number of alleles per locus varied from 1 to 3. High activities in different organs and tissues, as well as codominant inheritance make isozymes convenient genetic markers in various studies into ecological and population genetics, especially in plant species, like reed canarygrass, with unsequenced genome. Cluster analysis based on isozyme data distinguished 22 diverse groups. The degree of genetic similarity was not related with geographical origin of the material

Efficacy of management for rational use of antibiotics in surgical departments at a multi-disciplinary hospital: Results of a 7-year pharmacoepidemiological research

Background. Irrational medicine use including excessive use and abuse of antibiotics remains a crucial problem for the healthcare systems. <In this regard, studies examining approaches to improving the clinical use of medicines are highly important. Aim: to assess the efficacy rate of management for the rational use of antibiotics in surgical departments of a multi-disciplinary hospital. Material and methods. The intervention complex combined the research, educational, and methodological activities: local protocols for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PABP) for various surgical departments were developed; local PABP protocols were discussed with the physicians of specialized surgical departments; official order on implementation of PABP was issued; the list of drug prescriptions for registration of the first pre-operative antibiotic dose was changed; audit and feedback processes were introduced as well as consultations of a clinical pharmacologist were implemented. We assessed the efficacy rate of the interventions basing on the changes in consumption of antibiotics (both quantitatively and qualitatively) at surgical departments of a hospital using ATC/DDD methodology. Comparison of the studied outcomes was performed before and after the intervention implementation and between the departments (vascular and abdominal surgery). The consumption of antibacterial agents (ATCJ01) was measured as a number of defined daily doses (DDD) per 100 bed-days (DDD/100 bed-days, indicator recommended by the World Health Organization, WHO) and DDD per 100 treated patients (DDD/100 treated patients). Results. From 2006 to 2012, a decrease in antibacterial consumption in surgical departments by 188 DDD/100 treated patients was observed. We obtained the opposite results when using an indicator of DDD/100 bed-days (increase by 2.5 DDD/100 bed-days) which could be explained by the dependence on indices of overall hospital work and its changes during the examined period. Observed changes in antibacterial consumption varied in different surgical departments. The most pronounced positive changes were noted in the department of vascular surgery: decrease in total antibacterial consumption by 298 DDD/100 treated patients, decrease in the use of cephalosporins of the III generation from 141 to 38 DDD/100 treated patients. These positive changes were accompanied by the same (low) level of consumption/use of reserve antibiotics. In the department of abdominal surgery, there was no decrease in total antibiotic consumption, as well as in consumption of broad-spectrum cephalosporins of the III generation and fluoroquinolones, and we observed an increase in the use of reserve antibiotics (carbapenems) during the study period. Positive changes in antibiotic consumption were associated with the positive attitude of the manager/head of the department towards interventions: we observed the most pronounced decrease in antibiotic consumption straight after the publication of the administrative order on perioperative antibacterial prophylaxis. Conclusion. The combination of scientific, educational, and methodological interventions is effective for improving antibiotic application. The study results provide the rationale for analyzing the drug consumption using the DDD/100 treated patients measure in addition to the WHO-recommended indicator of DDD/100 bed-days which depends on overall hospital performance