Determination of the HQET Parameters from the B→XsγB \to X_s\gamma Decay

We combine the resummations for radiative corrections and for the heavy quark expansion to study the inclusive radiative decay $B \to X_s\gamma$. The infrared renormalon ambiguity is also taken into account. Including both theoretical and experimental uncertainties, we determine the allowed domain for the HQET parameters ${\bar \Lambda}$ and $\lambda_1$ centered at ${\bar \Lambda}=0.65$ GeV and $\lambda_1=-0.71$ GeV$^2$.Comment: IR renormalon ambiguity is include

Effects of turbulent mixing on critical behaviour in the presence of compressibility: Renormalization group analysis of two models

Critical behaviour of two systems, subjected to the turbulent mixing, is studied by means of the field theoretic renormalization group. The first system, described by the equilibrium model A, corresponds to relaxational dynamics of a non-conserved order parameter. The second one is the strongly non-equilibrium reaction-diffusion system, known as Gribov process and equivalent to the Reggeon field theory. The turbulent mixing is modelled by the Kazantsev-Kraichnan "rapid-change" ensemble: time-decorrelated Gaussian velocity field with the power-like spectrum k^{-d-\xi}. Effects of compressibility of the fluid are studied. It is shown that, depending on the relation between the exponent \xi and the spatial dimension d, the both systems exhibit four different types of critical behaviour, associated with four possible fixed points of the renormalization group equations. The most interesting point corresponds to a new type of critical behaviour, in which the nonlinearity and turbulent mixing are both relevant, and the critical exponents depend on d, \xi and the degree of compressibility. For the both models, compressibility enhances the role of the nonlinear terms in the dynamical equations: the region in the d-\xi plane, where the new nontrivial regime is stable, is getting much wider as the degree of compressibility increases. In its turn, turbulent transfer becomes more efficient due to combined effects of the mixing and the nonlinear terms.Comment: 25 pages, 4 figure

Carbon Nanoparticle Coating Intended for Reproducing the Salvinia Effect

The possibility of using the previously proposed antiicing superhydrophobic coating based on mixtures of carbon nanotubes and carbon nanolubes is demonstrated not only to reproduce the Lotus effect, but also to reproduce the Salvinia effect

A 5d/3d duality from relativistic integrable system

We propose and prove a new exact duality between the F-terms of supersymmetric gauge theories in five and three dimensions with adjoint matter fields. The theories are compactified on a circle and are subject to the Omega deformation. In the limit proposed by Nekrasov and Shatashvili, the supersymmetric vacua become isolated and are identified with the eigenstates of a quantum integrable system. The effective twisted superpotentials are the Yang-Yang functional of the relativistic elliptic Calogero-Moser model. We show that they match on-shell by deriving the Bethe ansatz equation from the saddle point of the five-dimensional partition function. We also show that the Chern-Simons terms match and extend our proposal to the elliptic quiver generalizations.Comment: 30 pages, 4 figures. v2: typo corrected, references adde

Affine A^{(1)}_{3} N=2 monopole as the D module and affine ADHMN sheaf

A Higgs-Yang Mills monopole scattering spherical symmetrically along light cones is given. The left incoming anti-self-dual \alpha plane fields are holomorphic, but the right outgoing SD \beta plane fields are antiholomorphic, meanwhile the diffeomorphism symmetry is preserved with mutual inverse affine rapidity parameters \mu and \mu^{-1}. The Dirac wave function scattering in this background also factorized respectively into the (anti)holomorphic amplitudes. The holomorphic anomaly is realized by the center term of a quasi Hopf algebra corresponding to an integrable conform affine massive field. We find explicit Nahm transformation matrix(Fourier-Mukai transformation) between the Higgs YM BPS (flat) bundles (D modules) and the affinized blow up ADHMN twistors (perverse sheafs). Thus establish the algebra for the Hecke-'t Hooft operators in the Hecke correspondence of the geometric Langlands Program.Comment: Identical to the version 2 and only the acknowledgement is replace

ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ СОПРОВОЖДЕНИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ОКСИДНО−НИКЕЛЕВОГО КАТОДА МАГНЕТРОНА

This work is an experimental justification of the choice of temperature and time modes designed for the heat treatment of real magnetrons, the end result of which is the initial decomposition of barium carbonate to barium oxide. We have experimentally determined the temperatures of polymorphic transitions in barium carbonate and the temperature of barium carbonate dissociation in different atmospheres, i.e. air, argon, carbon dioxide and in vacuum, for physical modeling of processes occurring in pumped magnetrons. We have determined the phase composition of the test barium carbonate specimen at room temperature by X−ray phase analysis (XPA) on a diffractometer before and after heating and experimentally investigated the effect of temperature and time of isothermal exposure on the phase composition on a high temperature diffractometer. We have studies the chemical and physicochemical processes occurring in the samples during heating using a derivatograph. We have calculated the enthalpy of the polymorphic transitions and the activation energy of dissociation. We have presented quantitative data characterizing the kinetics of phase transitions for various heat treatment modes and demonstrated the temperature existence ranges of different phases. We have established that reducing the heating rate and increasing the time of heating interruptions slow down the process of BaCO3 to BaO transition. We have established that sintering of the powder occurs during heating of barium carbonate. предназначенного для технологии термообработки реального магнетрона по режиму, конечным результатом которого является разложение исходного карбоната бария до оксида бария. Экспериментально установлены температуры полиморфных переходов в карбонате бария, температура диссоциации карбоната бария в различных атмосферах (на воздухе, в аргоне, углекислом газе и вакууме) для физического моделирования процессов, происходящих в откачиваемых магнетронах. Определен фазовый состав исследуемого образца карбоната бария при комнатной температуре методом рентгенофазового анализа на дифрактометре до и после нагрева. Экспериментально исследовано на высокотемпературном дифрактометре влияние температуры и времени изотермической выдержки на фазовый состав образца. Исследованы химические и физико− химические процессы, происходящие с образцами в процессе нагрева с использованием дериватографа. Приведен расчет энтальпии полиморфных переходов и энергии активации диссоциации. Представлены количественные данные, которые характеризуют кинетику фазовых переходов при различных режимах термообработки и наглядно показывают температурные интервалы существования различных фаз. Показано, что увеличение времени температурных остановок замедляет процесс перехода BaCO3 в ВаО. Установлено, что при нагреве карбоната бария наблюдалось спекание порошка.

Роль генодиагностики в прогнозировании ДВС-синдрома и риска развития полиорганной недостаточности у детей с генерализованными формами менингококковой инфекции

Aim: To investigate the features of allelic polymorphism, of several immune- and hemostasis-related genes in children with generalized, meningococcal infections and. to assess the usefulness of genotyping for prediction, of severe disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and. multiple organ dysfunction, syndrome in these patients.Materials and methods: we studied. 20 children aged, from 8 months up to 17 years with generalized, meningococcal infections who developed DIC or/and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The control group consisted, of 200 blood, donors. Genomic DNA was isolated, from peripheral blood, leucocytes. Allelic variants of genes coding for plasma hemostatic factors (FI-A, FI-B, FXIII-A, PAI-1, ТРА) or pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1B, TNF-A) were detected by PCR and. subsequent restriction, analysis. Allele and. genotype frequencies were calculated, by direct counting, and. their differences between the groups were assessed, by Fisher's exact test. For statistical analysis, the GraphPad. Prism, ver.4.0 software was used.Results: in the group of children with generalized, meningococcal infections, the frequency of heterozygotes for the IL-6 -174 G/C polymorphism, was 1.5-fold higher than in the controls (75.0% vs. 50.0%, respectively, OR=3.0; 95% CI: 1.1-8.6; p=0.037). Genotype TPA Del/Del was detected 4-fold more frequently in children who developed multiple organ dysfunction syndrome than in those with the more favorable disease course (45.4% vs. 11.1%, respectively, OR=6.7; 95% CI: 0.6-73.1; p=0.16). Moreover, among the patients having multiple organ dysfunction, syndrome, we observed, more frequently individuals who possessed, at least 2 unfavorable genetic variants (p=0.022).Conclusion: Simultaneous assessment of nucleotide variations in 8 studied genes could help to define the group of children with high, risk of multiple organ dysfunction, syn-drome.Genotype TPA Del/Del, associated, with decreased, production, of this factor, might serve as a marker of unfavorable DIC course and possible predictor of multiple organ dysfunction. syndrome in children with generalized, meningpcoc-cal infections.Цель: изучить особенности аллельного полиморфизма ряда генов иммунной системы, и гемостаза у детей с генерализованными формами менингококковой инфекции и оценить возможность использования результатов генотипирования для прогнозирования тяжелого течения ДВС-синдрома и развития полиорганной недостаточности (ПОН).Материалы, и методы.: обследовано 20 детей в возрасте от. 8 месяцев до 17 лет. с генерализованными формами менингококковой инфекции, протекающими с синдромом. ПОН или/и тромбогеморрагическими нарушениями. Контрольную группу составили 200 доноров крови. В качестве материала исследования использована геномная ДНК, выделенная из лейкоцитов периферической крови. Выявление аллельных вариантов генов, ассоциированных с дисфункцией плазменного звена гемостаза (FI-A, FI-B, FXIII-A, PAI-1, ТРА) и повышенной продукцией ряда провоспалительных цитокинов (IL-6, IL-1B, TNF-A), проводили с помощью полимеразной цепной реакции и последующего рестрикционного анализа. Частоты встречаемости аллелей и генотипов определялись прямым подсчетом. Межгрупповые различия в распределении аллелей и генотипов оценивались с помощью точного метода Фишера. Статистическая обработка проводилась с использованием программы GraphPadPrism, версия 4.0.Результаты: в группе детей с генерализованными формами менингококковой инфекции доля гетерозигот, по полиморфизму 174 G/C в гене IL-6 была в 1,5 раза выше, чем. в контроле (75,0% против 50,0% соответственно, OR=3,0; 95% CI: 1,1-8,6; p=0,037). Генотип ТРА Del/Del встречался в группе детей с ПОН в 4 раза чаще, чем у пациентов с относительно благоприятным течением заболевания (45,4% против 11,1% соответственно, OR=6,7; 95% CI: 0,6-73,1; p=0,16). Выявлено увеличение в группе детей с ПОН доли лиц, имеющих в генотипе два и более неблагоприятных варианта изученных генов (р=0,022).Заключение: комплексная оценка аллельного полиморфизма 8 генов плазменных факторов гемостаза и провоспалительных цитокинов позволяет, с высокой долей достоверности определить группу риска по развитию ПОН среди детей с генерализованными бактериальными инфекциями. Генотип ТРА Del/Del может, являться неблагоприятным, маркером, при данной патологии и быть ассоциированным, с высоким, риском, развития тяжелого ДВС-синдрома

Lectures on Branes in Curved Backgrounds

These lectures provide an introduction to the microscopic description of branes in curved backgrounds. After a brief reminder of the flat space theory, the basic principles and techniques of (rational) boundary conformal field theory are presented in the second lecture. The general formalism is then illustrated through a detailed discussion of branes on compact group manifolds. In the final lecture, many more recent developments are reviewed, including some results for non-compact target spaces.Comment: 109 pages, 11 figures, Lectures presented at the third RTN school on `The Quantum Structure of Spacetime and the Geometric Nature of Fundamental Interactions', Utrecht, January 200