Psychological, Social Environmental, and Physical Environmental Variables in Explaining Physical Activity in Korean Older Adults

The current study investigated the direct and indirect paths of psychological, social environmental, and physical environmental variables in explaining physical activity among Korean older adults. A total of 401 adults aged 65 years old or older (Mage = 75.17 years, SD = ±7.24) were recruited from the Nowon district of northern Seoul. Standardized scales were used to measure physical activity and its related social ecological variables. The results indicated that physical activity was significantly correlated with self efficacy, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, family support, friend support, availability of facilities, and quality of facilities. All of psychological, social environmental, and physical environmental variables had a significant direct path to explain physical activity. In addition, self-efficacy and perceived benefits significantly mediated the relationship between family support and physical activity, and while the relationship between availability of facilities and physical activity was substantially mediated by perceived barriers. The current study implies that application of the social ecological model is warranted to provide a more concrete association of the contextual factors to explain physical activity and to design a more effective intervention for promoting physical activity among older adults.El presente estudio investigó los efectos directos e indirectos de las variables psicológicas, socioambientales y físicoambientales para explicar la actividad física entre los adultos mayores de Corea. Un total de 401 adultos de 65 años de edad o más (Medad = 75,17 años, DT = ± 7,24) fueron reclutados del distrito de Nowon, en el norte de Seúl. Se utilizaron escalas estandarizadas para medir la actividad física y sus variables sociales y ecológicas. Los resultados indicaron que la actividad física estaba significativamente correlacionada con la autoeficacia, los beneficios percibidos, las barreras percibidas, el apoyo familiar, el apoyo a los amigos, la disponibilidad de instalaciones y la calidad de las instalaciones. Todas las variables ambientales psicológicas, sociales, ambientales y físicas tenían un efecto directo significativo para explicar la actividad física. Además, la autoeficacia y los beneficios percibidos mediaron de forma significativa la relación entre el apoyo familiar y la actividad física, y mientras que la relación entre la disponibilidad de instalaciones y la actividad física estaba sustancialmente mediada por las barreras percibidas. El presente estudio implica que la aplicación del modelo socio-ecológico se justifica para proporcionar una asociación más concreta de los factores contextuales para explicar la actividad física y diseñar una intervención más eficaz para promover la actividad física entre los adultos mayores.O presente estudo investigou os caminhos diretos e indiretos das variáveis ambientais psicológicas, sociais, ambientais e físicas na explicação da atividade física entre idosos coreanos. Um total de 401 adultos com 65 anos de idade ou mais (Mage = 75,17 anos, DP = ± 7,24) foram recrutados no distrito de Nowon, no norte de Seul. Escalas padronizadas foram utilizadas para medir a atividade física e suas variáveis sociais e ecológicas. Os resultados indicaram que a atividade física estava significativamente correlacionada com auto-eficácia, benefícios percebidos, barreiras percebidas, apoio familiar, apoio amigo, disponibilidade de instalações e qualidade das instalações. Todas as variáveis ambientais psicológicas, sociais, ambientais e físicas tiveram um caminho direto significativo para explicar a atividade física. Além disso, a auto-eficácia e os benefícios percebidos mediaram significativamente a relação entre apoio familiar e atividade física, e enquanto a relação entre a disponibilidade de instalações ea atividade física era substancialmente mediada por barreiras percebidas. O presente estudo implica que a aplicação do modelo sócio-ecológico é justificada para proporcionar uma associação mais concreta dos fatores contextuais para explicar a atividade física e para projetar uma intervenção mais efetiva para promover a atividade física entre os adultos mais velhos

La Croisée des regards entre littérature et photographie. Han Kang et Cha Mihye

Photography has been, form the mid nineteenth century to the present, a technological revolution providing numerous considerations through literature in western civilization. But what could be said about that relationship between photography and literature in an eastern civilization, especially in South Korea? We will take a closer look at a writer, Han Kang, and visual artist, Cha Mihye, who among many explore memory and history, from the traditional era to modernity. Their distinct works forge a vital reminiscence to explore a fast mutating country by decoding some major milestones. Works of Han Kang and Cha Mihye had once been juxtaposed in an editorial and exhibition project combination, offering a way to show the particular relationship between writing and Image-Making for a better understanding of some cultural issues for Korea. Linking a tumultuous past to a rushing present time, their sensitive and intimate experiences enlighten the complex and fragile but necessary recollection of a torn nation.Photography has been, form the mid nineteenth century to the present, a technological revolution providing numerous considerations through literature in western civilization. But what could be said about that relationship between photography and literature in an eastern civilization, especially in South Korea? We will take a closer look at a writer, Han Kang, and visual artist, Cha Mihye, who among many explore memory and history, from the traditional era to modernity. Their distinct works forge a vital reminiscence to explore a fast mutating country by decoding some major milestones. Works of Han Kang and Cha Mihye had once been juxtaposed in an editorial and exhibition project combination, offering a way to show the particular relationship between writing and Image-Making for a better understanding of some cultural issues for Korea. Linking a tumultuous past to a rushing present time, their sensitive and intimate experiences enlighten the complex and fragile but necessary recollection of a torn nation

Pyridoxine induced neuropathy by subcutaneous administration in dogs

To construct a sensory neuropathy model, excess pyridoxine (150 mg/kg s.i.d.) was injected subcutaneously in dogs over a period of 7 days. During the administrations period, the dogs experienced body weight reduction and proprioceptive loss involving the hindquarters. After pyridoxine administration was completed, electrophysiological recordings showed that the M wave remained at a normal state, but the H-reflex of the treated dogs disappeared at 7 days. The dorsal funiculus of L4 was disrupted irregularly in the axons and myelin with vacuolation. The dorsal root ganglia of L4, and sciatic and tibial nerves showed degenerative changes and vacuolation. However, the lateral and ventral funiculi of L4 showed a normal histopathologic pattern. Although this subcutaneous administration method did not cause systemic toxicity and effectively induced sensory neuropathy, this study confirmed the possibility of producing a pyridoxine-induced sensory neuropathy model in dogs with short-term administration

THE DIFFERENCE OF RESIDENT AND NON-RESIDENT CUSTOMER BASED ON SERVICE QUALITY IN THE RESTAURANT BUSINESS USING CART METHODOLOGY

The food industry contributes to a nation’s economic development in many respects. According to the National Restaurant Association in 2009, there are 945,000 restaurants and sales in the restaurant industry are $566 billion a year, which make up about 13million people or 9% of the U.S. workforce food industry. Both the sales and the number of workforce engaged in the food industry have increased steadily since 1970. In other words, as the United States is experiencing remarkable growth in the restaurant business, there is a great deal of competition for surviving in competitive industry