36,731 research outputs found
Drag coefficients for partially inflated flat circular parachutes
Free-body tests of flat circular parachutes and determination of aerodynamic drag coefficients during partial inflatio
Nonreactive mixing study of a scramjet swept-strut fuel injector
The results are presented of a cold-mixing investigation performed to supply combustor design information and to determine optimum normal fuel-injector configurations for a general scramjet swept-strut fuel injector. The experimental investigation was made with two swept struts in a closed duct at a Mach number of 4.4 and a nominal ratio of jet mass flow to air mass flow of 0.0295, with helium used to simulate hydrogen fuel. Four injector patterns were evaluated; they represented the range of hole spacing and the ratio of jet dynamic pressure to free-stream dynamic pressure. Helium concentration, pitot pressure, and static pressure in the downstream mixing region were measured to generate the contour plots needed to define the mixing-region flow field and the mixing parameters. Experimental results show that the fuel penetration from the struts was less than the predicted values based on flat-plate data; but the mixing rate was faster and produced a mixing length less than one-half that predicted
Robustness of d-Density Wave Order to Nonmagnetic Impurities
Effect of finite density of nonmagnetic impurities on a coexisting phase of
d-density wave (DDW) order and d-wave superconducting (DSC) order is studied
using Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) method. The spatial variation of the
inhomogeneous DDW order due to impurities has a strong correlation with that of
density, which is very different from that of DSC order. The length scale
associated with DDW is found to be of the order of a lattice spacing. The
nontrivial inhomogeneities are shown to make DDW order much more robust to the
impurities, while DSC order becomes very sensitive to them. The effect of
disorder on the density of states is also discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 3 PostScript figure
Long-term Radio Observations of the Intermittent Pulsar B1931+24
We present an analysis of approximately 13-yr of observations of the
intermittent pulsar B1931+24 to further elucidate its behaviour. We find that
while the source exhibits a wide range of nulling (~4-39 d) and radio-emitting
(~1-19 d) timescales, it cycles between its different emission phases over an
average timescale of approximately 38 d, which is remarkably stable over many
years. On average, the neutron star is found to be radio emitting for 26 +- 6 %
of the time. No evidence is obtained to suggest that the pulsar undergoes any
systematic, intrinsic variations in pulse intensity during the radio-emitting
phases. In addition, we find no evidence for any correlation between the length
of consecutive emission phases. An analysis of the rotational behaviour of the
source shows that it consistently assumes the same spin-down rates, i.e. nudot
= -16 +- 1 x 10^-15 s^-2 when emitting and nudot = -10.8 +- 0.4 x 10^-15 s^-2
when not emitting, over the entire observation span. Coupled with the stable
switching timescale, this implies that the pulsar retains a high degree of
magnetospheric memory, and stability, in spite of comparatively rapid (~ms)
dynamical plasma timescales. While this provides further evidence to suggest
that the behaviour of the neutron star is governed by magnetospheric-state
switching, the underlying trigger mechanism remains illusive. This should be
elucidated by future surveys with next generation telescopes such as LOFAR,
MeerKAT and the SKA, which should detect similar sources and provide more clues
to how their radio emission is regulated.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
Magnetic and spectral properties of multi-sublattice oxides SrY2O4:Er3+ and SrEr2O4
SrEr2O4 is a geometrically frustrated magnet which demonstrates rather
unusual properties at low temperatures including a coexistence of long- and
short-range magnetic order, characterized by two different propagation vectors.
In the present work, the effects of crystal fields (CF) in this compound
containing four magnetically inequivalent erbium sublattices are investigated
experimentally and theoretically. We combine the measurements of the CF levels
of the Er3+ ions made on a powder sample of SrEr2O4 using neutron spectroscopy
with site-selective optical and electron paramagnetic resonance measurements
performed on single crystal samples of the lightly Er-doped nonmagnetic
analogue, SrY2O4. Two sets of CF parameters corresponding to the Er3+ ions at
the crystallographically inequivalent lattice sites are derived which fit all
the available experimental data well, including the magnetization and dc
susceptibility data for both lightly doped and concentrated samples.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figure
Diagnostic accuracy of a brief screening tool forAttention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in UK prison inmates
BackgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is overrepresented in prison, making it imperative to identify a screening tool that can be quickly applied to efficiently detect the disorder. We explored the discrimination ability of a widely used ADHD screen, the Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale (BAARS-IV), against a clinical diagnostic interview. A brief version of the screen was then developed in order to simplify its use in the prison context, and maximize its diagnostic properties.MethodA cross-sectional study of 390 male prison inmates was performed in the UK, all participants were screened and interviewed via the Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in Adults 2.0 (DIVA-2).ResultsA total of 47 (12.1%) inmates screened positive for ADHD using the full BAARS-IV, and 96 (24.6%) were clinically diagnosed, for a sensitivity of 37.9 and a specificity of 96.3. Our models identified the six items that most predicted ADHD diagnosis, with adjusted odds ratios ranging from 2.66 to 4.58. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 0.82, 0.84 and 0.84, respectively, for the developed brief scale, and 0.71, 0.85 and 0.81 for its validation. Weighted probability scores produced an area under the curve of 0.89 for development, and 0.82 for validation of the brief scale.ConclusionsThe original BAARS-IV performed poorly at identifying prison inmates with ADHD. Our developed brief scale substantially improved diagnostic accuracy. The brief screening instrument has great potential to be used as an accurate and resource-effective tool to screen young people and adults for likely ADHD in the criminal justice system.</jats:sec
A new 1.6-micron map of Titan’s surface
We present a new map of Titan's surface obtained in the spectral 'window' at ∼1.6 μm between strong methane absorption. This pre-Cassini view of Titan's surface was created from images obtained using adaptive optics on the W.M. Keck II telescope and is the highest resolution map yet made of Titan's surface. Numerous surface features down to the limits of the spatial resolution (∼200–300 km) are apparent. No features are easily identifiable in terms of their geologic origin, although several are likely craters
Diffraction-Limited Imaging and Photometry of NGC 1068
The nearby Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 1068 was observed with speckle imaging
techniques in the near-infrared H-band (1.6 microns) at the Hale 200-inch
Telescope and K-band (2.2 microns) at the 10 m Keck I Telescope.
Images with diffraction limited or near-diffraction limited resolutions of
0.''05 - 0.''1 were obtained and used to search for structure in the nuclear
region. Images of the nucleus of NGC 1068 reveal an extended region of emission
which accounts for nearly 50% of the nuclear flux at K-band. This region
extends 10 pc on either side of an unresolved point source nucleus which is at
most, 0.''02 or 1.4 pc in size. Both the point source and the newly imaged
extended emission are very red, with identical H-K colors corresponding to a
color temperature of 800 K. While the point source is of a size to be
consistent with grains in thermal equilibrium with the nuclear source, the
extended emission is not. It must consist either of nuclear emission which has
been reflected off an extended dusty disk or of small grains raised to
transiently high temperatures by reflected UV photons.Comment: accepted to AJ, AAS LaTeX and epsfig, 22 pages incl. 5 ps figure
Analyticity and uniform stability in the inverse spectral problem for Dirac operators
We prove that the inverse spectral mapping reconstructing the square
integrable potentials on [0,1] of Dirac operators in the AKNS form from their
spectral data (two spectra or one spectrum and the corresponding norming
constants) is analytic and uniformly stable in a certain sense.Comment: 19 page
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