14 research outputs found
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èŠã§ãããæ¬ç 究ã®ç®çã¯,ç¥å¥å·çåæšåžã®æ£æ²¢å°åºã®åºåæ°Žç°ã«ãããŠ,ä»åŸäºæ³ãããç°å¢å€åã«å¯Ÿå¿ã§ããäœæå
¥ã§é«å質å®å®çç£æè¡ã®æ§ç¯ã«å©çšããããã®åºç€è³æãåŸãããšã§ããã調æ»ãè¡ã£ã2003幎ãã2005幎ã«ãããåå£çªçŽ ã®ç¡æ©åé,çæŒããã³ééšã«ããäŸçµŠéã®å¹Žæ¬¡å€åã¯å°ãã,æœè¥ä»¥å€ã®ããããçªçŽ ã®å€©ç¶äŸçµŠéã¯,åºç©æãŸã§ã«6 ïœ7g/m^2æçæãŸã§ã«9ïœ10g/m^2ãšèŠç©ããããããŸã,æ£æ²¢å°åºã®åºåæ°Žç°ã«å©çšãããŠããäžæŽ¥å·æ°Žç³»ã®çæŒæ°Žäžã®ç¡æ©æ
çªçŽ æ¿åºŠã¯æ¯èŒçäœãããšã瀺ãã,æ°Žçš²ã®çè²ãå質ã«ã¯å€§ããªåœ±é¿ãåãŒããªããšèãããããWe must design the technology in consideration not only of yield and quality, but also the regional environment in rice production. It is very important to know the soil traits of the paddy field and the regional conditions of irrigation and rainfall. In this study we researched nitrogen mineralization ability of the soil and the ammonium and nitrate nitrogen concentration of irrigation water and rainwater, and estimated natural nitrogen supply in Tanazawa paddy field from 2003 to 2005. The yearly variation of mineralized and supplied nitrogen from irrigation and rainfall was not large. The natural nitrogen supply was estimated to be about 6-7 and 9-10gm^-^2, at heading and maturity, respectively. Nitrogen concentration of the irrigation water derived from Nakatsu River was lower than that of reports in the past. It seemed that the effect of the nitrogen concentration on the growth and quality of rice was not strong
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ã®å»ºç©å±äžãšäœç©å®éšçšç¶²å®€ã«ãããŠ,æ¥æ¬æŽ,äžçæ°åæ¬ããã³ã¿ã«ããªã®æ°Žçš²3åçš®ããããã 1/2000 a ãš 1/5000 a ã®ã¯ã°ãã«ãããã§æ œå¹ã,ãããã®çè²ãšé¢é£æ°è±¡æ¡ä»¶ã調ã¹ãæ œå¹æéäžã®æ°æž©ã飜差ã«ã¯å Žæã«ããå·®ããªãã£ãã網宀ã«ãããå®éšæéäžã®å¹³åæ¥å°ééçã¯çŽ60%ã§ãã£ãå°äžéšããã³å°äžéšä¹Ÿç©é㯠1/2000 a ãããã«å¯Ÿã,1/5000 a ãããã§ã¯50ïœ70%ããã³30ïœ50%ã®ç¯å²ã«ãã,åå£å®¹ç©ã也ç©çç£ã«åãŒã圱é¿ã¯å€§ããã£ããå±äžã«ããã 1/2000 a ãããã®æ ªãããç©æ°ã¯æ¥æ¬æŽã19æ¬,äžçæ°åæ¬ã18æ¬,ã¿ã«ããªã16æ¬çšåºŠã§ãã£ãã®ã«å¯Ÿã,網宀ã§ã¯ããããçŽ13æ¬ãšå°ãªãã£ãããŸã網宀,å±äžãšãã«1/5000 a ãããã®3åçš®ã®ç©æ°ã¯ãããã6æ¬çšåºŠã§,1/2000 a ãããã®1/2ïœ1/3ã§ãã£ãã1ç©ç©è±æ°ã¯æããã«å±äž<網宀ã§ãã£ãã,網宀ã§ã¯ç©æ°ãããå°ãªã,æ ªãããç·ç©è±æ°ã¯,1/2000 a ãããã§ã¯å±äžã«ãããŠæ¥æ¬æŽãšäžçæ°åæ¬ãããã1300,ã¿ã«ããªãããã2100,網宀ã«ãããŠããããããã1200,1800ãšãªã,å±äžãããå€ãåŸåããã£ããããã«å¯Ÿã,1/5000 a ãããã§ã¯,ç©æ°,äžç©ç©è±æ°ãšãã«å Žæã«ããå·®ã¯å°ãã,æ ªãããç·ç©è±æ°ã¯å±äžã§3åçš®ãšãããã400,網宀ã§æ¥æ¬æŽãšäžçæ°åæ¬ãããã300,ã¿ã«ããªã§ããã500ã§ãã£ããç©éååçš®ã®ã¿ã«ããªã¯ãããã«ãããŠäžç©ç©è±æ°ãå€ããšããç¹æ§ãè¡šãããªãã£ãå±äžç·åã¹ããŒã¹ã«ãããã€ããå°å
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®ãããšåå£å®¹ç©ãå°ããããããšãæãŸããã,æ¬å®éšã®æ¥å°ç°å¢äžã§ã¯ã€ãã®çè²ã«å¯Ÿãåå£å®¹ç©ã®å¶çŽã倧ããããšã瀺ããããTo obtain basic information on introducing potted rice plants to semi-shaded places in building complexes, the growth and development were investigated under semi-shaded conditions in an experimental net house and at a sunny site on a at rooftop at the Setagaya Campus of Tokyo University of Agriculture in 2008. The paddy rice cultivars Nipponbare, Nakateshinsenbon, and Takanari were planted in 1/5000 a and 1/2000 a Wagner pots. The daily solar radiation in the net house was approximately 60% of that on the rooftop. There were no large differences in air temperature and vapor pressure deficit between the net house and rooftop. The top dry matter of the rice in the 1/5000 a pots was 40%ïœ60% of that in the 1/2000 a pots and the root matter was 30ïœ50%, indicating that the soil volume in the root zone had a large effect on the dry matter production of the rice. There were about 13 panicles per hill in the 1/2000 a pots for all cultivars in the net house, versus 19, 18, and 16, respectively, for the Nipponbare, Nakateshinsenbon, and Takanari cultivars on the rooftop. In the 1/5000 a pots, there were about 6.0 panicles per hill, roughly 1/2 to 1/3 of the number in the 1/2000 a pots for all cultivars on both the rooftop and in the net house. In the 1/2000 a pots, there were 1300, 1300, and 2100 spikelets per hill for Nipponbare, Nakateshinsenbon, and Takanari, respectively, on the rooftop, versus 1200, 1200, and 1900 in the net house. In contrast, in the 1/5000 a pots, there were 400~500 spikelets for all three cultivars, and the dierence between the two sites was small. Although we have to design the soil volume to be small because of the weigh, our results suggest that a smaller volume of soil in the root zone limits the growth and development of rice in semi-shaded conditions
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çªçŽ éã®çµæå€åã§ãã£ããã¿ã«ããªã¯æ¥æ¬æŽãã³ã·ãã«ãªãããäžç©ç©è±æ°ãå€ãåŸåã«ãã,ãã®çµæ,åäœé¢ç©ãããç©è±æ°ããã³çç±³åéãæããã«å€ãã£ããåäœé¢ç©ãããç©è±æ°ãšçç±³åéã®é¢ä¿ã¯æ¥æ¬æŽããã³ã³ã·ãã«ãªã®æ¥æ¬ååçš®ãšã¿ã«ããªãšã¯æããã«ç°ãªã£ããåéãæ倧ã«ããæé©ç©è±æ°ã¯æ¥æ¬æŽããã³ã³ã·ãã«ãªã§ã¯35,000,ã¿ã«ããªã§ã¯48,000m-2ã§ãã£ãããŸã,åäœé¢ç©ãããç©è±æ°ã¯ç©åååçµæããã³åºç©æã«ãããäœå
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çªçŽ éã¯æ¥æ¬æŽ,ã³ã·ãã«ãª,ã¿ã«ããªã®ãããã,12.5,16.0,17.2gm-2ã§ãã£ããäžæ¹,ç¡çªçŽ åºããç®åºãã倩ç¶äŸçµŠç±æ¥ã®åžåçªçŽ éã¯äœå
çªçŽ éã®50ïœ60%ã§ãã,æ®ãã¯æœè¥ã«äŸåããããšã«ãªãããããã£ãŠ,æ£æ²¢æ°Žç°ã«ãããæ°Žçš²æ œå¹ã§ã¯,æé©ç©è±æ°ã確ä¿ããããã«åžåçãé«ã幌ç©çºè²æãäžå¿ãšããçªçŽ è¿œè¥ãç©æ¥µçã«è¡ãããšãæšå¥šããããThe objective of this study is to clarify regional optimum spikelet number for maximum grain yield for each cultivar, and plant N for spikelet number to obtain stable yield in rice. We conducted field experiments in a paddy field at Tanazawa District as city agriculture in order to establish highly effective N application management regionally. We analyzed 180 sets of experimental data on yield and its component, and plant N at the late spikelet differentiation and heading stage, using three low land cultivars, Nipponbare, Koshihikari and Takanari, grown under different methods and levels of N application over 9 seasons from 1998 to 2008. We made use of variously different split application of N, including basal application only (B), light basal and heavy top-dressings from the panicle initiation stage onward (L), heavy basal and heavy top-dressings from the spikelet formation stage onward (V), and no applications (0) in 1998-2001. In 2002, and 2005-2008 we set up experimental plots of the timing of a N top-dressing both with and without basal application of N. We investigated yield and its components and plant N at the late spikelet differentiation stage and heading.Takanari tended to have the largest spikelet number and grain yield averaged over all plots. Optimum spikelet number for maximum grain yield was about 35000m-2 in Nipponbare and Koshihikari, and about 48000m-2 in Takanari, respectively. The relationship between spikelet number per unit area and plant N at the late spikelet differentiation stage or heading stage was close. Plant N for optimum spikelet number determined by those relationships was 12.8, 11.4 and 12.3g m-2 at the late differentiation stage, and 12.5, 16.0 and 17.2g m-2 at heading, in Nipponabare, Koshihikari and Takanari, respectively. A grain yield of 600g m-2 in Nipponbare and Koshihikari and 750g m-2 in Takanari would require spikelet numbers per unit area of 32000, 32000 and 40000, respectively, assuming that the percentage of ripened spikelets is 85%. To obtain these spikelet numbers, plant N must reach 12.1, 11.0 and 9.1g m-2 at the heading stage for these cultivars, respectively.Plant N derived from natural supply of N was 50-60% of total plant N at the late spikelet differentiation stage or heading stage. Therefore, to optimize spikelet number, we should make use of application of N top-dressing for the early panicle development stage, since rice can absorb much nitrogen, especially the cultivar Takanari
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èŠæ§ããªãããšã瀺åããããWe conducted pot experiments using three rice cultivars, Nipponbare, Koshihikari and Takanari in the net house at Setagaya Campus of Tokyo University of Agriculture in 2009. Twenty plants per pot were circular-dense-transplanted, and harvested at maturity to investigate the total leaf number on the main culms, and the lengths of panicle, leaf blades, leaf sheaths and internodes. We also researched the heading time, and the effects of nitrogen top-dressing and shading in the base of culms during the panicle development stage on the lengths of organs. Two types of the total leaf number on the main culms were confirmed. One was the standard type, and the other was the less-leaf type. Most of the culms were standard type in Nipponbare, and Koshihikari, but the culms of Takanari was divided into two types. There were clear differences in characteristics between the standard type and the less-leaf type, especially in Takanari. Less-leaf type culms tended to be longer in upper leaves and shorter in lower internodes than standard type culms. However, the effects of nitrogen top-dressing and shading on lengths of organs were likely to be roughly constant through cultivars or leaf number types. These results suggest that we need not control internode elongation with the consideration of leaf number types
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¥ãšããŠäœçœ®ã¥ããããæŠèŠèª¬ææããæ œå¹æé,調æŽäœæ¥ãçµãããŸã§,ã€ãã«èå³ãæã£ãŠç©æ¥µçã«åãåã£ãŠããããã®ããšã¯,ã€ãæ œå¹ãéããä»è
ãšã®é¢ãããå«ããŠã楜ãããã®èœçããäœæ¥ããéã³ãã«ããŠããããšã«å ã,æ€ç©æ œå¹ããã³é£ã¹ç©ã€ããã«ãšã£ãŠæ Œå¥œã®å Žã§ãã幌çšåã§å®æœããããšãèŠå ã«ãªã£ãŠãããšèããããããŸã,æ¬æŽ»åã«ãã£ãŠåã©ããèå³ãæã£ãŠã€ããšé¢ããããšã«ããæ€ç©ãè²ãŠãé¢çœããæã,èªåã®ãã³ã¡ãåŸããšããç®çæèã®äžã§,責任æãé£åž¯æ,æããããè²ããšãã£ãå€å²ã«ãããå¹æãåŸããããThis study was carried out for five-year-old children who belong to senior classes at Matsugaoka Kindergarten of Setagaya-ku in 2013. We had two programs: one was "rice cultivation study" and the other "observation of some rice cultivars in pots" in the kindergarten yard. In these dietary education programs with rice, we analyzed effects and roles from the responses of children and the questionnaire results from their parents. The children were much interested in rice cultivation throughout the primary orientation, sowing, transplanting, harvesting, processing, and others. The factors in their responses were that "fun feelings" make the cultivation works into "play", and that these programs were carried out in the kindergarten, where it was well-fitted for plant cultivation and food production. In addition, we recognized the various effects that children could find the charm in the plant cultivation by treating rice plants, and foster the sense of responsibility, solidarity and warmth, in the consciousness of the purpose of obtaining their own rice
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èŠæ§ããªãããšã瀺åããããWe conducted pot experiments using three rice cultivars, Nipponbare, Koshihikari and Takanari in the net house at Setagaya Campus of Tokyo University of Agriculture in 2009. Twenty plants per pot were circular-dense-transplanted, and harvested at maturity to investigate the total leaf number on the main culms, and the lengths of panicle, leaf blades, leaf sheaths and internodes. We also researched the heading time, and the effects of nitrogen top-dressing and shading in the base of culms during the panicle development stage on the lengths of organs. Two types of the total leaf number on the main culms were confirmed. One was the standard type, and the other was the less-leaf type. Most of the culms were standard type in Nipponbare, and Koshihikari, but the culms of Takanari was divided into two types. There were clear differences in characteristics between the standard type and the less-leaf type, especially in Takanari. Less-leaf type culms tended to be longer in upper leaves and shorter in lower internodes than standard type culms. However, the effects of nitrogen top-dressing and shading on lengths of organs were likely to be roughly constant through cultivars or leaf number types. These results suggest that we need not control internode elongation with the consideration of leaf number types
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šåã®åŸªç°å蟲æ¥ã®æšé²ãç®æããThis study was carried out in order to obtain basic data for propelling recycling agriculture using compost derived from Samegawa Village, Fukushima. The field experiments were conducted using rice cultivar, Koshihikari in paddy field No. 1 (700m^2) and No. 2 (900m^2). Top dry weight of rice plants and nitrogen concentration of the top, and grain yield were measured. Also nitrogen mineralization rate of the soils was investigated in water-logged soil. It was obvious that not only top dry weight at maturity and grain yield but nitrogen mineralization rate were low. Although these results showed that the soil had less easily decomposable matter, the inorganic nitrogen of the soil increased to 2-3gNm^-2 in 2013. Therefore, we must apply much compost every year, probably leading to increased inorganic nitrogen and improved physical properties of the soil. We should promote recycling agriculture with special consideration of the rate and timing of compost application, and the method of field control