Sağlık teknikerlerinin meslek seçimlerinde kişisel özelliklerin ve psikolojik sağlamlığın etkisi

Sağlık teknikerliği, ülkemizdeki sağlık hizmetlerinin sunumunda oldukça önemlidir. Ancak sağlık teknikerleri bu unvana sahip olduktan sonra bazı fiziksel ve psikolojik sıkıntılar yaşayabilmekte ve bu da mesleği bırakma eğilimini artırmaktadır. Diğer taraftan, psikolojik sağlamlık ve meslek seçimi arasındaki ilişkileri inceleyen fazla çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, geleceğin sağlık teknikerlerinin meslek seçimlerinde, kişiliklerinin ve psikolojik sağlamlıklarının etkisini araştırmaktır. Araştırmaya, Ankara’daki bir devlet üniversitesinin sağlık hizmetleri meslek yüksekokulunda öğrenim gören 465 sağlık teknikeri adayı katılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında “On-Maddeli Kişilik Ölçeği”, “Kısa Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği” ve “Sağlık Teknikerliğinde Meslek Seçimi Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Sağlık teknikerliği mesleğinin seçiminde etkili olan faktörleri ortaya çıkarmak için basit doğrusal regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Kişilik ölçeğine ilişkin analiz bulgularına bakıldığında, sağlık teknikerliği öğrencilerinin daha az stresli ve daha az kaygılı bireyler oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Stres, kaygı, depresyon gibi psikolojik sorunlarla başa çıkabilme eğilimini temsil eden psikolojik sağlamlıklarının ise düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Diğer taraftan öğrenciler sağlık teknikerliği mesleğini, ilgi alanlarına ve yeteneklerine uygun bulmaktadırlar. Sağlık teknikerliği öğrencilerinin kişilik özellikleri, psikolojik sağlamlıkları ve mesleği seçme eğilimleri arasındaki ilişkilere bakıldığında ise kişilik alt boyutlarından dışadönüklük ve uyumluluk boyutlarının, meslek seçiminde pozitif anlamlı etkiye sahip olduğu, diğer taraftan psikolojik sağlamlığın, meslek seçiminde negatif anlamlı etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Dışadönük, uyumlu, fakat düşük psikolojik sağlamlığa sahip bireylerin sağlık teknikerliği mesleğini tercih ettikleri belirlenmiştir

Value Addition to Leather Industry Wastes and By-Products: Hydrolyzed Collagen and Collagen Peptides

Environmental consciousness and constraints in developed societies over the past 20 years have brought about a dramatic impact on tannery operations worldwide. Leather industry has been categorized as one of the most polluting industries, and it spoils the continuity of environmental rhythm because of the generation of liquid, solid and gaseous wastes and also by-products. Solid organic wastes involving untanned (trimmings, fleshings and splits) and tanned (trimmings, splits and shavings) wastes and by-products depending on their proteinic character have an advantage of recovery and reuse potentials instead of disposal to landfills in terms of environmental sustainability. These solid wastes and by-products are not properly treated and disposed of; hence, they can cause environmental damages to soil and groundwater as well as release emissions and poisonous greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Valorization of these tannery solid wastes and by-products with different methods and processes is highly important for the perspective of eco-benignity and with respect to converting into new value-added products. This chapter focuses on the evaluation of the tannery solid wastes and by-products by partial and total denaturation and hydrolyzation. This paper also examines in general the specifications, production techniques and applications of collagen peptides in several industries

Reorganization of Beaming in Ecological Perspective

The principal aim of the leather industry, which plays a significant role in today’s global economy, is to transform animal hides/skins into a physically and chemically stable material by subjecting them to chemical and mechanical processes. Leather processings involved in isolation in beamhouse processes generate large volumes of solid wastes and high loaded wastewater which are major source of environmental pollution characterized by chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), chromium (III) and phenolics with high pH, strong odor and dark brown color. In our study, the best practices modelling and eco-compatible process shifts were the objectives for the decrement in high pollution load of large effluent portion for leather industry. Soaking, immunization and liming processes were carried out with reductive chemical additives and surfactants, fibre opening auxiliaries, enzyme based and enzyme assisted chemicals in the factories as an eco-friendly designed recipe. The results revealed the advantages of time saving, cost effectivity, minimized pollution load and quality enhancement in limed pelts compared to conventional process

Reflare in MAXI J1348-630]{Evolution of disc and corona in MAXI J1348-630 during the 2019 reflare: NICER and Insight-HXMT view

In this work, using \textit{NICER} and \textit{Insight}-HXMT observations, we present a study of the broadband spectral and timing evolution of the source throughout the first reflare, which occurred about 4 months after the major outburst. Our findings suggest that during the reflare, below a critical luminosity $L_{\rm crit}\sim2.5\times10^{36}$ (D/2.2 kpc)$^{2}$ erg s$^{-1}$, the scale of the corona shrinks in the radial direction, whereas the inner radius of the disk does not change considerably; however, the inner radius of the disk starts to move inward when the source exceeds the critical luminosity. We conclude that at low luminosity the increase in accretion rate only heats up the inner zone of the accretion disc without the transfer of angular momentum which occurs above a certain luminosity

Spin measurement of 4U 1543-47 with Insight-HXMT and NICER from its 2021 outburst: A test of accretion disk models at high luminosities

4U 1543--47 is one of a handful of known black hole candidates located in the Milky Way Galaxy, and has undergone a very bright outburst in 2021, reaching a total of $\sim$9 Crab, as observed by the Monitor of All-sky Image (MAXI), and exceeding twice its Eddington luminosity. The unprecedented bright outburst of 4U 1543--47 provides a unique opportunity to test the behavior of accretion disk models at high luminosities and accretion rates. In addition, we explore the possibility of constraining the spin of the source at high accretion rates, given that previous spin measurements of 4U 1543--47 have been largely inconsistent with each other. We measure the spectral evolution of the source throughout its outburst as observed by Insight-HXMT, and compare the behavior of both the thin disk model kerrbb2, as well as the slim disk model slimbh up to the Eddington limit for two different values of disk $\alpha$-viscosity. In addition, given the behavior of these two models, we identify two `golden' epochs for which it is most suitable to measure the spin with continuum fitting.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure

Relationship between BODE index, quality of life and inflammatory cytokines in COPD patients

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Recently a multidimensional grading system based on the body mass index (B), degree of airflow obstruction (O), dyspnea (D) and exercise capacity (E) - the BODE index - has begun to be used increasingly for the evaluation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between the BODE index and disease duration, annual exacerbation and hospitalization rates, health related quality of life and systemic inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-8. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 88 stable COPD patients we evaluated the body-mass index, pulmonary function tests, Modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale and six-minute walk test (6 MWT). BODE scores were determined. Disease duration, number of exacerbations and hospitalization in the previous year were recorded. We also performed arterial blood gases analysis, administered the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and measured serum levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-8. RESULTS: According to BODE score 52% of patients were BODE 1, 21% BODE 2, 15% BODE 3 and 12% were BODE 4. There was a significant relationship between BODE index and COPD stage as classified according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) (p < 0.001). Correlations between BODE score and disease duration (p = 0.011), number of exacerbations (p < 0.001) and hospitalizations (p < 0.001) in the last year were also observed. SGRQ symptom, activity, emotion scores and total scores were found to be significantly correlated to BODE (p < 0.001). Serum CRP levels and BODE were also correlated (p = 0.014); however, no correlation was found between serum levels of TNF-α and IL-8 and BODE. CONCLUSIONS: As the BODE index shows a strong correlation with various prognostic and follow up parameters of COPD and systemic inflammation, its use should be considered for the evaluation of COPD patients

Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) strategy 2021 - executive summary and rationale for key changes.

The Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Strategy Report provides clinicians with an annually updated evidence-based strategy for asthma management and prevention, which can be adapted for local circumstances (e.g., medication availability). This article summarizes key recommendations from GINA 2021, and the evidence underpinning recent changes. GINA recommends that asthma in adults and adolescents should not be treated solely with short-acting beta2-agonist (SABA), because of the risks of SABA-only treatment and SABA overuse, and evidence for benefit of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Large trials show that as-needed combination ICS-formoterol reduces severe exacerbations by ≥60% in mild asthma compared with SABA alone, with similar exacerbation, symptom, lung function and inflammatory outcomes as daily ICS plus as-needed SABA. Key changes in GINA 2021 include division of the treatment figure for adults/adolescents into two tracks. Track 1 (preferred) has low-dose ICS-formoterol as the reliever at all steps: as-needed only in Steps 1-2 (mild asthma), and with daily maintenance ICS formoterol (maintenance-and-reliever therapy, MART) in Steps 3-5. Track 2 (alternative) has as-needed SABA across all steps, plus regular ICS (Step 2) or ICS-long-acting beta2-agonist (LABA) (Steps 3-5). For adults with moderate-to-severe asthma, GINA makes additional recommendations in Step 5 for add-on long-acting muscarinic antagonists and azithromycin, with add-on biologic therapies for severe asthma. For children 6-11 years, new treatment options are added at Steps 3-4. Across all age-groups and levels of severity, regular personalized assessment, treatment of modifiable risk factors, self-management education, skills training, appropriate medication adjustment and review remain essential to optimize asthma outcomes

REBALANCING DISRUPTIVE BUSINESS OF MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS AND GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS WITHIN DEMOCRATIC AND INCLUSIVE CITIZENSHIP PROCESSES- REVIEW WORKING PAPER

The purpose of this working paper is to conduct a comprehensive review of existing literature that explores the relationship between business organizations and democracy. This review draws from various fields, including management, business ethics, sociology, international law, and other relevant disciplines for this Project and has several objectives. Firstly, it aims to provide insight into prior research on how democratic institutions regulate economic actors and how these actors, particularly large multinational corporations (MNCs), resist such regulation. Additionally, it examines how these economic actors develop behaviors and economic models that pose challenges to democratic governance, such as business-related human rights violations. In the initial part of the review, we delve into the historical and contemporary aspects of the relationship between business and democracy. Furthermore, the report explores how companies can contribute to shaping a more democratic future by addressing gaps in governance, especially in cases where populist governments fail to protect the rights of their citizens. It also considers the development of alternative business models, such as social enterprises and cross-sector partnerships. Moreover, it looks into how businesses can actively engage in democratic governance and promote principles of participation. The final section of the working paper involves a bibliometric analysis, including co authorship, co-citation, and keyword co-occurrence maps. This analysis is based on key references used by team members in their literature reviews and is designed to examine the connections that exist among various strands of research that support the research questions of the Rebalance Project