337 research outputs found
Beyond pairwise strategy updating in the prisoner's dilemma game
In spatial games players typically alter their strategy by imitating the most
successful or one randomly selected neighbor. Since a single neighbor is taken
as reference, the information stemming from other neighbors is neglected, which
begets the consideration of alternative, possibly more realistic approaches.
Here we show that strategy changes inspired not only by the performance of
individual neighbors but rather by entire neighborhoods introduce a
qualitatively different evolutionary dynamics that is able to support the
stable existence of very small cooperative clusters. This leads to phase
diagrams that differ significantly from those obtained by means of pairwise
strategy updating. In particular, the survivability of cooperators is possible
even by high temptations to defect and over a much wider uncertainty range. We
support the simulation results by means of pair approximations and analysis of
spatial patterns, which jointly highlight the importance of local information
for the resolution of social dilemmas.Comment: 9 two-column pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in Scientific
Report
Cubically convergent methods for selecting the regularization parameters in linear inverse problems
AbstractWe present three cubically convergent methods for choosing the regularization parameters in linear inverse problems. The detailed algorithms are given and the convergence rates are estimated. Our basic tools are Tikhonov regularization and Morozov's discrepancy principle. We prove that, in comparison with the standard Newton method, the computational costs for our cubically convergent methods are nearly the same, but the number of iteration steps is even less. Numerical experiments for an elliptic boundary value problem illustrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithms
The Cyclostationary Characteristic Analysis of the Time-Frequency Overlapped Signal in Single-Channel
AbstractThe characteristic analysis of the time-frequency overlapped signal (TFOS) in single-channel is a powerful challenge in electronic countermeasures. So, in this paper, the time-frequency overlapped degrees (Pt, Pf) of signals are proposed to measure the level overlapped of in time domain and frequency domain. Afterwards, based on cyclostationary principle, the proposition about the cyclostationary characteristic of TFOS is proved. Moreover, the cyclic spectrum of TFOS is deduced. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the linear sum of multicyclostationary signals is still cyclostationary signal
Numerical analysis of a time discretized method for nonlinear filtering problem with L\'evy process observations
In this paper, we consider a nonlinear filtering model with observations
driven by correlated Wiener processes and point processes. We first derive a
Zakai equation whose solution is a unnormalized probability density function of
the filter solution. Then we apply a splitting-up technique to decompose the
Zakai equation into three stochastic differential equations, based on which we
construct a splitting-up approximate solution and prove its half-order
convergence. Furthermore, we apply a finite difference method to construct a
time semi-discrete approximate solution to the splitting-up system and prove
its half-order convergence to the exact solution of the Zakai equation.
Finally, we present some numerical experiments to demonstrate the theoretical
analysis
Organizational Network Evolution and Governance Strategies in Megaprojects
The organization is the key factor for megaprojects in which thousands of connections and relations intertwine and influence the project performance. However, organizational evolution in megaprojects has not been fully studied. This study investigates the evolution of the organizational network of a megaproject in China using social network analysis (SNA), and then proposes corresponding governance strategies. The result shows that megaproject organizations evolve towards more connected networks but are differentiated for various investors. For government invested projects, the organizational network is well connected, cooperative, yet unstable and require strategic long-term governance policies; for private invested projects, the network is stable, but collaboration among participants is low, which indicates a need to establish collaborative governance structures. The result complements the organizational evolution theory for megaprojects and offers effective strategies for governing megaproject organizations. This study also helps practitioners better understand the nature and characteristics of megaproject organizations.
Exploring the social legitimacy of urban road PPPs in Nigeria
Publicâprivate partnerships (PPPs) have
become an effective and efficient contractual agreement
between the state and the private sector for providing
infrastructure services. Yet, their social acceptance and
legitimacy are questionable. Communities accept such
changes to their social contract with the government
only if the PPPs are perceived to be legitimate as public
institutions
are not trusted by the communities. As a
result, the disappointments
and controversial underperformance
of PPPs in Nigeria, like most developing
countries, have been generally
associated with community
opposition due to any agency or competence-related
failure. Hence, the need for this study. Drawing on data
from two urban road PPPs in Nigeria, we identify the
following
three deeply internalised
shared beliefs that
shape a community groupâs perceptions and attitudes
towards an infrastructure built by PPPs in their neighbourhood:
the public services
should be provided for
free, PPPs are created mainly to serve perceived âcorruptâ
politicians and public institutions are not effective and
efficient in service delivery. These beliefs, combined with
the communityâs structural power, explain why some
community groups oppose (or support) infrastructure
PPPs within their proximity, and the growing legitimacy
challenge PPPs face. Our paper in this regard provides a
guidance for designing effective and targeted community
engagement strategies for PPP projects and contributed
to PPP stakeholder management and mainstream stakeholder
management research
sEMG-Based Continuous Estimation of Finger Kinematics via Large-Scale Temporal Convolutional Network
Existence of Solutions of a Discrete Fourth-Order Boundary Value Problem
Let a,b be two integers with b-aâ„5 and let 𝕋2={a+2,a+3,âŠ,b-2}. We show the existence of solutions for nonlinear fourth-order discrete boundary value problem Î4u(t-2)=f(t,u(t), Î2u(t-1)), tâ𝕋2, u(a+1)=u(b-1)=Î2u(a)=Î2u(b-2)=0 under a nonresonance condition involving two-parameter linear eigenvalue problem. We also study the existence and multiplicity of solutions of nonlinear perturbation of a resonant linear problem
- âŠ