Algebraic and geometric aspects of generalized quantum dynamics

\noindent We briefly discuss some algebraic and geometric aspects of the generalized Poisson bracket and non--commutative phase space for generalized quantum dynamics, which are analogous to properties of the classical Poisson bracket and ordinary symplectic structure.Comment: 10pages,revtex, IASSNSHEP-93/5

Maternal outcome of prenatally diagnosed lethal fetal anomalies: a year review

Objectives: To determine maternal morbidities in relation to prenatal diagnosis of lethal fetal anomalies and termination of pregnancy (TOP). Materials: Twenty five patients with prenatal diagnosis of lethal fetal anomalies in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Malaysia. Methods: This was a retrospective review in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Malaysia in the year of 2011. All patients diagnosed prenatally to carry lethal fetal anomalies was reviewed. Data regarding maternal morbidities and outcome was collected from patients’ case note in the hospital record office. Analysis was done by using SPSS version 17.0. Results: Twenty five pregnant patients were diagnosed with lethal fetal anomalies via ultrasound with or without genetic study. The patients’ mean age was 29.9±6.3 years old. The mean gestational age at diagnosis of lethal fetal anomalies and at TOP or delivery were 26.5±7.4 and 28.7±7.8 weeks respectively. The lethal fetal anomalies included fetuses with multiple structural abnormalities (40%), anencephaly or severe encephalocele (32%), non-immune hydrops fetalis (16%) and syndromic fetuses (12%) i.e. Pentalogy of Cantrell and Edward’s syndrome. Seven (28%) patients had early counseling and TOP at the gestation of <22 weeks. Beyond 22 weeks gestation, 8 (32%) patients had TOP and 10 (40%) patients had spontaneous delivery. Twenty (80%) patients delivered or aborted vaginally, 3 (12%) patients with assisted breech delivery, and 2 (8%) patients with abdominal delivery. The abdominal deliveries were for transverse lie in labour and emergency hysterotomy for failed induction complicated by hysterectomy due to intraoperative finding of ruptured uterus. Overall, the associated adverse events included abnormal lie during delivery (16%), symptomatic polyhydramnios requiring amnioreduction (16%), post-partum haemorrhage (12%), retained placenta (12%), blood transfusion (8%), uterine rupture (4%) and endometritis (4%). Mean duration of hospital stay was 6.6±3.7 days. Conclusions: Prenatal diagnosis and TOP at an early gestation may reduce maternal morbidities and improve the outcom

Perturbative Formulation and Non-adiabatic Corrections in Adiabatic Quantum Computing Schemes

Adiabatic limit is the presumption of the adiabatic geometric quantum computation and of the adiabatic quantum algorithm. But in reality, the variation speed of the Hamiltonian is finite. Here we develop a general formulation of adiabatic quantum computing, which accurately describes the evolution of the quantum state in a perturbative way, in which the adiabatic limit is the zeroth-order approximation. As an application of this formulation, non-adiabatic correction or error is estimated for several physical implementations of the adiabatic geometric gates. A quantum computing process consisting of many adiabatic gate operations is considered, for which the total non-adiabatic error is found to be about the sum of those of all the gates. This is a useful constraint on the computational power. The formalism is also briefly applied to the adiabatic quantum algorithm.Comment: 5 pages, revtex. some references adde

Total Productive Maintenance Practices in Manufacture of Electronic Components & Boards Industry in Malaysia

The Electrical and Electronics (E&amp;E) industry continues to be a key driver of Malaysia's Industrial development and contributes significantly to GDP growth, export earnings, investment, and employment. Malaysia has become a major global manufacturing hub for the E&amp;E industry and four decades and continues to be a preferred E&amp;E investment destination. In order to sustain and stay competitive, the Malaysian semiconductor companies are urged to implement world class maintenance techniques that will improve equipment utilization and thus reducing capital expenditure. Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) is one of the effective maintenance strategies for enhancing the overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) to achieve a significant competitive advantage. The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of TPM to improve OEE in the E&amp;E industry. This study used the real time data for two types of die attach equipment models, namely CANON and ESEC. The data was collected from an E&amp;E company in Malaysia. The real time data was recorded by software known as Global Operator User Interface (GOUI) system. GOUI system captures the real time data directly from the machine. The result shows that the implementation of TPM gives a significant difference in OEE for both different equipment models. In addition, this study also shows that the three TPM practices namely planned maintenance, autonomous maintenance, and focused maintenance are able to explain 91.2% of the total variation of OEE in the E&amp;E industry

Dissipative Dynamics of a Josephson Junction In the Bose-Gases

The dissipative dynamics of a Josephson junction in the Bose-gases is considered within the framework of the model of a tunneling Hamiltonian. The effective action which describes the dynamics of the phase difference across the junction is derived using functional integration method. The dynamic equation obtained for the phase difference across the junction is analyzed for the finite temperatures in the low frequency limit involving the radiation terms. The asymmetric case of the Bose-gases with the different order parameters is calculated as well

A convenient band-gap interpolation technique and an improved band line-up model for InGaAlAs on InP

The band-gap energy and the band line-up of InGaAlAs quaternary compound material on InP are essential information for the theoretical study of physical properties and the design of optoelectronics devices operating in the long-wavelength communication window. The band-gap interpolation of In1-x-y Ga (x) Al (y) As on InP is known to be a challenging task due to the observed discrepancy of experimental results arising from the bowing effect. Besides, the band line-up results of In1-x-y Ga (x) Al (y) As on InP based on previously reported models have limited success by far. In this work, we propose an interpolation solution using the single-variable surface bowing estimation interpolation method for the fitting of experimentally measured In1-x-y Ga (x) Al (y) As band-gap data with various degree of bowing using the same set of input parameters. The suggested solution provides an easier and more physically interpretable way to determine not only lattice matched, but also strained band-gap energy of In1-x-y Ga (x) Al (y) As on InP based on the experimental results. Interpolated results from this convenient method show a more favourable match to multiple independent experiment data sets measured under different temperature conditions as compared to those obtained from the commonly used weighted-sum approach. On top of that, extended framework of the model-solid theory for the band line-up of In1-x-y Ga (x) Al (y) As/InP heterostructure is proposed. Our model-solid theory band line-up result using the proposed extended framework has shown an improved accuracy over those without the extension. In contrast to some previously reported works, it is worth noting that the band line-up result based on our proposed extended model-solid theory has also shown to be more accurate than those given by Harrison's mode

Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger nonlocality for continuous variable systems

As a development of our previous work, this paper is concerned with the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) nonlocality for continuous variable cases. The discussion is based on the introduction of a pseudospin operator, which has the same algebra as the Pauli operator, for each of the $N$ modes of a light field. Then the Bell-CHSH (Clauser, Horne, Shimony and Holt) inequality is presented for the $N$ modes, each of which has a continuous degree of freedom. Following Mermin's argument, it is demonstrated that for $N$-mode parity-entangled GHZ states (in an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space) of the light field, the contradictions between quantum mechanics and local realism grow exponentially with $N$, similarly to the usual $N$-spin cases.Comment: RevTEX; comments are welcomed; new version with minor change

Long-distant contribution and χc1\chi_{c1} radiative decays to light vector meson

The discrepancy between the PQCD calculation and the CLEO data for $\chi_{c1}\to \gamma V$ ($V=\rho^0,\,\omega,\,\phi$) stimulates our interest in exploring extra mechanism of $\chi_{c1}$ decay. In this work, we apply an important non-perturbative QCD effect, i.e., hadronic loop mechanism, to study $\chi_{c1}\to \gamma V$ radiative decay. Our numerical result shows that the theoretical results including the hadronic loop contribution and the PQCD calculation of $\chi_{c1}\to \gamma V$ are consistent with the corresponding CLEO data of $\chi_{c1}\to \gamma V$. We expect further experimental measurement of $\chi_{c1}\to \gamma V$ at BES-III, which will be helpful to test the hadronic loop effect on $\chi_{c1}$ decay.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J.