The Impact of Hand Grip Strength Exercises on the Target Shooting Accuracy Score for Archers

The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of hand grip strength exercises on the target shooting accuracy score for male archers. Thirty male archers (n1=15, 19.85±1.35, n2=15 19.71±1.31) ranging 18-20 years old were included in our study from the archery team of the city of Elazig, department of youth sports.The experiment group has been through our exercise program one hour/day, three days/week for a duration of 12 weeks. Same tests and measurements (age, height, weight, heart beat rate at rest, heart beat rate at exercise, hand grip strength, sit-up, pull-up, push-up, target shooting accuracy test) have been performed for assessment during the week before and during the week after the exercise program.Kruskal Wallis H test and t test are used to analyze the variation in the strength test results. Regression analysis is used to study the impact of strength exercises on the target shooting accuracy scores. Statistically, we observe that the hand strength grip exercise performed on the experiment group has significant impact on the hand grip strengths (before exercise 63.21±5.81, after exercise 75.12±5.80) (p=0,001) and the target shooting accuracy scores (before exercise 58.21±4.72, after exercise 69.12±3.24) (p=0,001).Finaly, we can conclude that the hand grip strength and its exercise have significant value in archery and that hand grip strength exercise is one of the factors that improve the target shooting accuracy scores positively

The Effects of Unit Exercises on the Hand Grip Strength of Arm Wrestlers

The aim of this research is to evaluate the change in the hand grip strength of the male arm wrestlers before and after a unit of exercise. The participants of the research consist of sportsmen (n=16) of Fırat University arm wrestling team in 18-25 age group.Within the scope of the research, all of the tests and measurements (age, length, body weight, sports age, hand grip strength) were carried out on the experimental group before they started training and the same tests were repeated just after the exercises. A unit of exercise program consisted of warm up, cool down, and 5 sets of weight lifting with 12 repetitions and intensity of 70% that were in that day’s plan and program applied by the trainer.While descriptive statistics were adopted in the statistical analysis, to identify the significance level between the hand grip strength before and after the exercise paired sample t-test analysis was used. The significance level was shown as α = 0.05 in the analyses. While the right hand grip strength of the sportsmen (n=16) was statistically significant at 51.1062 ± 1.69709 before and 49.0437 ± 1.71770 (p=0.000) after the exercise, the left hand grip strength was statistically significant at 46.9000 ± 1.16179 before and 45.8063 ± 1.30078 (p=0.000) after the exercise.In conclusion, it was observed that there is a statistically significant negative decline in the hand grip strength of the arm wrestling sportsmen after a unit of exercise and it can be said that it is because of the exhaustion expected after the exercise

QUALITY OF LIFE AND THE FACTORS AFFECTING IT AMONG PEOPLE AGED 75 YEARS AND OVER LIVING IN A HEALTH CENTER REGION IN IZMIR

Esentepe Sağlık Ocağı Bölgesi\'nde yaşayan 75 yaş ve üzerindeki yaşlıların yaşamkalitesini ve etkileyen etmenleri belirlemektir.Gereç ve yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki çalışma Ekim 2006-Mayıs 2007 tarihleri arasındaİzmir Esentepe Sağlık Ocağı Bölgesi\'nde gerçekleştirildi. Araştırma evreni bu bölgedeyaşayan 75 yaş ve üzeri 851 kişiydi. Standart sapma 46, ± 5 hata, %95 güvendüzeyinde 235 kişi, sistematik örneklemeyle belirlendi. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkeniyaşam kalitesi, bağımsız değişkenleri sosyo-demografik özellikler, sosyal destek, depresyon,günlük yaşam etkinlikleri bağımlılık durumuydu. Yaşam kalitesi için SF 12,günlük yaşam etkinlikleri için Barthel İndeksi, depresyon için Geriatrik DepresyonÖlçeğinin kısa formu kullanıldı. Veri yüz-yüze görüşme tekniğiyle toplandı, bağımsızgruplarda t testi, Mann-Whitney U Testi ve çoklu regresyon ile çözümlendi.Bulgular: Araştırma grubunun yaş ortalaması 79,1 ± 4,3 (75-98), %58,9\'u kadın, %51,4\'ü evli, %45,9\'u ilkokul mezunuydu. %92,5\'inin sağlık güvencesi vardı. Yaşlıların %24,7\'sinin GYE\'de bağımlı olduğu ve %24,0\'ında depresyon varlığı saptandı.İki değişkenli analizlerde Fiziksel Bileşen Özet Skor (FBÖS) ve Ussal Bileşen ÖzetSkor (UBÖS) kadınlarda anlamlı olarak daha düşükken ortaokul veya üstü eğitimlilerde,geliri giderine eşit veya fazla olanlarda anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti. Bastonkullananlarda hem FBÖS hem de UBÖS daha düşüktü (p<0,05). FBÖS evlilerde vesağlık güvencesi olanlarda daha yüksekken kronik hastalığı olanlarda daha düşüktü(p<0,05). FBÖS ve UBÖS, depresyon ve GYE\'de bağımlılık saptananlarda anlamlıolarak daha düşüktü. Çoklu regresyon analizi sonucunda cinsiyet, baston kullanımı,bağımlılık puanı ve kronik hastalık sayısı ile FBÖS, bağımlılık ve depresyon puanı ileUBÖS arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu saptandı.Sonuç: Yaşlılarda bağımlılık, kronik hastalık, depresyon varlığı, baston kullanımı vecinsiyet yaşam kalitesi için önemli risk etmenleri olarak bulunmuştur. Risk grupları gözönünde bulundurularak yaşlı nüfusun YK\'lerini arttırmak önemli sağlık hedeflerindenolmalıdır.Objective: The aim of the study is to define the quality of life (QoL) and the factorsaffecting it in elderly people over 75 years living in Izmir Esentepe Health CenterRegion.Material and method: The cross-sectional study was conducted during October2006 and May 2007 in Izmir Esentepe Health Center Region. The study population ofthe research consisted of 851 elderly people of 75 years of age or over living in thisregion. Twohundredthirtyfive people were determined by systematic sampling, with astandard deviation of 46, ±5 error, and 95% confidence level. The dependent variableof the study was QoL, the independent variables were socio-demographic characteristics,social support, depression, and dependency on activity of daily living (ADL). TheSF-12 was used for QoL assessment, Barthel Index for ADL, and the short form ofGeriatric Depression Scale for depression assessment. The data were collected byface to face interviews and analyzed by t test, Mann-Whitney U test and multipleregression analysis.Results: The average age was 79.1 ± 4.3 (75-98), with a female proportion of 58.9%,51.4% of the study population were married, 45.9% of them primary school graduates,and 92.5% had health insurance. It was determined that 24.7% of the elderly peoplewere dependent on GYE and 24.0% of them had depression.In univariate analyses, Mental Component Summary Score (MCSS) and PhysicalComponent Summary Score (PCSS) were significantly lower in women, althoughMCSS and PCSS were significantly higher in elderly people with middle school orhigher education, in those with spending equal to income or more income thanspending. In the elderly people using the stick, both MCSS and PCSS were lower(p<0.05). MCSS were higher in married people and in the ones with health insurancealthough in the ones with a chronic disease were lower (p<0.05). MCSS and PCSSwere significantly lower in those with depression or dependency to ADL. At the end ofmultiple regression analysis, significant relations were found between sex, dependencyscore, number of chronic diseases and using stick and MCSS and betweendependency, depression score and PCSS.Conclusion: The presence of dependency, chronic disease, and depression, usingstick and gender were found as significant risk factors for QoL. Taking risk groups intoconsideration, improving the QoL\'s of the elderly population should be one of theimportant health goals

İzmir’de bir sağlık ocağı bölgesinde yaşayan 75 yaş ve üzeri bireylerde yaşam kalitesi ve etkileyen etmenler

Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı İzmir Esentepe Sağlık Ocağı Bölgesi’nde yaşayan 75 yaş ve üzerindeki yaşlıların yaşam kalitesini ve etkileyen etmenleri belirlemektir. Gereç ve yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki çalışma Ekim 2006-Mayıs 2007 tarihleri arasında İzmir Esentepe Sağlık Ocağı Bölgesi’nde gerçekleştirildi. Araştırma evreni bu bölgede yaşa¬yan 75 yaş ve üzeri 851 kişiydi. Standart sapma 46, ± 5 hata, %95 güven düzeyinde 235 kişi, sistematik örneklemeyle belirlendi. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkeni yaşam kalitesi, bağımsız değişkenleri sosyo-demog¬rafik özellikler, sosyal destek, depresyon, günlük yaşam etkinlikleri ba¬ğımlılık durumuydu. Yaşam kalitesi için SF 12, günlük yaşam etkinlikleri için Barthel İndeksi, depresyon için Geriatrik Depresyon Ölçeğinin kısa formu kullanıldı. Veri yüz-yüze görüşme tekniğiyle toplandı, bağımsız gruplarda t testi, Mann-Whitney U Testi ve çoklu regresyon ile çözümlendi.Bulgular: Araştırma grubunun yaş ortalaması 79,1 ± 4,3 (75-98), %58,9’u kadın, %51,4’ü evli, %45,9’u ilkokul mezunuydu. %92,5’inin sağlık güvencesi vardı. Yaşlıların %24,7’sinin GYE’de bağımlı olduğu ve %24,0’ında depresyon varlığı saptandı.İki değişkenli analizlerde Fiziksel Bileşen Özet Skor (FBÖS) ve Ussal Bileşen Özet Skor (UBÖS) kadınlarda anlamlı olarak daha düşükken ortaokul veya üstü eğitimlilerde, geliri giderine eşit veya fazla olanlarda anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti. Baston kullananlarda hem FBÖS hem de UBÖS daha düşüktü (p<0,05). FBÖS evlilerde ve sağlık güvencesi olanlarda daha yüksekken kronik hastalığı olanlarda daha düşüktü (p<0,05). FBÖS ve UBÖS, depresyon ve GYE’de bağımlılık saptananlarda anlamlı olarak daha düşüktü. Çoklu regresyon analizi sonucunda cinsiyet, baston kulla¬nımı, bağımlılık puanı ve kronik hastalık sayısı ile FBÖS, bağımlılık ve depresyon puanı ile UBÖS arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu saptandı.Sonuç: Yaşlılarda bağımlılık, kronik hastalık, depresyon varlığı, baston kullanımı ve cinsiyet yaşam kalitesi için önemli risk etmenleri olarak bu¬lunmuştur. Risk grupları göz önünde bulundurularak yaşlı nüfusun YK’lerini arttırmak önemli sağlık hedeflerinden olmalıdır.Objective: The aim of the study is to define the quality of life (QoL) and the factors affecting it in elderly pe&not;ople over 75 years living in Izmir Esentepe Health Center Region. Material and method: The cross-sectional study was conducted during October 2006 and May 2007 in Izmir Esentepe Health Center Region. The study population of the research consisted of 851 elderly people of 75 years of age or over living in this region. Twohun&not;dredthirtyfive people were deter&not;mined by systematic sampling, with a standard deviation of 46, &plusmn;5 error, and 95% confidence level. The de&not;pendent variable of the study was QoL, the independent variables were socio-demographic character&not;istics, social support, depression, and dependency on activity of daily living (ADL). The SF-12 was used for QoL assessment, Barthel Index for ADL, and the short form of Geri&not;atric Depression Scale for depres&not;sion assessment. The data were collected by face to face interviews and analyzed by t test, Mann-Whit&not;ney U test and multiple regression analysis. Results: The average age was 79.1 &plusmn; 4.3 (75-98), with a female proportion of 58.9%, 51.4% of the study population were married, 45.9% of them primary school graduates, and 92.5% had health insurance. It was determined that 24.7% of the elderly people were dependent on GYE and 24.0% of them had depression. In univariate analyses, Mental Com&not;ponent Summary Score (MCSS) and Physical Component Summary Score (PCSS) were significantly lower in women, although MCSS and PCSS were significantly higher in elderly people with middle school or higher education, in those with spending equal to income or more income than spending. In the elderly people using the stick, both MCSS and PCSS were lower (p&lt;0.05). MCSS were higher in married peo&not;ple and in the ones with health in&not;surance although in the ones with a chronic disease were lower (p&lt;0.05). MCSS and PCSS were significantly lower in those with dep&not;ression or dependency to ADL. At the end of multiple regression analy&not;sis, significant relations were found between sex, dependency score, number of chronic diseases and using stick and MCSS and between dependency, depression score and PCSS. Conclusion: The presence of de&not;pendency, chronic disease, and depression, using stick and gender were found as significant risk factors for QoL. Taking risk groups into con&not;sideration, improving the QoL&amp;#8217;s of the elderly population should be one of the important health goals