Prevalencia y factores asociados a Malassezia spp. en otitis de Canis familiaris en el distrito de Trujillo

Esta investigación se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar la prevalencia y factores asociados a la Malassezia spp. en otitis en Canis lupus familiaris. Se seleccionaron 53 caninos que cumplieron los siguientes criterios de inclusión: caninos de cualquier raza, sexo o edad que presenten un cuadro de otitis aguda o crónica latente. Se recolectaron las muestras por medio de hisopado ótico y luego examinación al microscopio con tinción gram. Con respecto a la prevalencia, el resultado fue de un 77% de caninos positivos a Malassezia spp. Los resultados analizados por prueba Chi cuadrado, t de Student y prueba exacta de Fisher arrojaron que con respeto a la edad, sexo y raza no hubo diferencia significativa a la presencia de Malassezia spp. En cuanto a los factores asociados los resultados fueron: Oreja pendulante (p=>0.99), otitis previas mal curadas (p=0.67), dermatitis previas (p=0.7) y limpiezas óticas una vez por mes (p>0.99). Ninguno de los factores evaluados tuvo realmente un efecto sobre la presencia de la levadura Malassezia spp. en el cuadro de otitis presenteThis research was carried out with the objective of evaluating the prevalence and factors associated with Malassezia spp. In otitis in canis familiaris. 53 canines were selected that met the following inclusion criteria: canines of any breed, sex or age that present with acute or chronic latent otitis. Samples were collected by ear swab and then microscopic examination with gram stain. Regarding the prevalence, the result was 77% of canines positive for Malassezia spp. The results analyzed by Chi-square test, Student’s t test and Fisher’s exact test showed that with respect to age (p=0.91), sex (p=0.46), race (0.06). Regarding the associated factors, the results were: Pendulous ear (p=>0.99), poorly cured previous otitis (p=0.67), previous dermatitis (p=0.7) and ear cleanings once a month (p=>0.99). Which indicated to us that none of the factors evaluated really had an effect on the presence of the yeast Malassezia spp. In the present otitis conditionTesi

Sleep in Infants with Congenital Heart Disease

OBJECTIVES: To investigate hypoxia and sleep disordered breathing in infants with congenital heart disease. METHODS: Prospective study. In-hospital full polysomnography was performed on 14 infants with congenital heart disease, age 7 ±1 months, and in 7 normal infants, age 10 ±2 months. Congenital heart disease infants were classified as acyanotic (n=7) or cyanotic (n=7). RESULTS: Nutritional status, assessed by the Gomez classification and expressed as % weight for age, was 70 ±7, 59 ±11 and 94 ±16 in the acyanotic, cyanotic congenital heart disease and control infants, respectively (p<0.001). The respiratory disturbance index (AHI, events per hour) was [median (25-75%)]: 2.5 (1.0-3.4), 2.4 (1.5-3.1) and 0.7 (0.7-0.9) in acyanotic, cyanotic CHD infants and controls, respectively (p=0.013). Almost all congenital heart disease infants (11 out of 14) and only one control infant had an AHI >1 event/hour. The minimum oxygen saturation was 79% (74-82), 73% (57-74) and 90% (90-91) in the acyanotic, cyanotic congenital heart disease infants and controls, respectively (p <0.001). The arousal index (events/hour) was similar among the three groups at 8.4 ±2.4, 10.3 ±8.7 and 6.5 ±3, respectively (p=0.451). CONCLUSIONS: Infants with congenital heart disease frequently present with sleep-disordered breathing associated with oxygen desaturations but not arousals. Therefore, sleep may represent a significant burden to infants with congenital heart disease

Effects of massage therapy on sleep quality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery

INTRODUCTION: Having poor sleep quality is common among patients following cardiopulmonary artery bypass graft surgery. Pain, stress, anxiety and poor sleep quality may be improved by massage therapy. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated whether massage therapy is an effective technique for improving sleep quality in patients following cardiopulmonary artery bypass graft surgery. METHOD: Participants included cardiopulmonary artery bypass graft surgery patients who were randomized into a control group and a massage therapy group following discharge from the intensive care unit (Day 0), during the postoperative period. The control group and the massage therapy group comprised participants who were subjected to three nights without massage and three nights with massage therapy, respectively. The patients were evaluated on the following mornings (i.e., Day 1 to Day 3) using a visual analogue scale for pain in the chest, back and shoulders, in addition to fatigue and sleep. Participants kept a sleep diary during the study period. RESULTS: Fifty-seven cardiopulmonary artery bypass graft surgery patients were enrolled in the study during the preoperative period, 17 of whom were excluded due to postoperative complications. The remaining 40 participants (male: 67.5%, age: 61.9 years ± 8.9 years, body mass index: 27.2 kg/m² ± 3.7 kg/m²) were randomized into control (n = 20) and massage therapy (n = 20) groups. Pain in the chest, shoulders, and back decreased significantly in both groups from Day 1 to Day 3. The participants in the massage therapy group had fewer complaints of fatigue on Day 1 (p=0.006) and Day 2 (p=0.028) in addition, they reported a more effective sleep during all three days (p=0.019) when compared with the participants in the control group. CONCLUSION: Massage therapy is an effective technique for improving patient recovery from cardiopulmonary artery bypass graft surgery because it reduces fatigue and improves sleep

O nível de concentração de alumínio na água como fator de risco para o desenvolvimento da doença de alzheimer / The aluminum concentration level in water as a risk factor for the development of alzheimer's disease

OBJETIVO: Avaliar sobre as concentrações do Alumínio (Al) na água como um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento da Doença de Alzheimer (DA). METODOLOGIA: O rastreio dos artigos do presente estudo, foi realizado nas bases de dados BVS e PUBMED utilizando a metodologia Population – Intervention – Comparison – Outcome. A pesquisa ocorreu a partir de duas estratégias de busca com descritores pertinentes à DA, água e o alumínio. Foram considerados elegíveis os estudos dos tipos ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados, experimentais, casos controle que discorrem sobre Al como um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento da DA na ingestão de água; além dos artigos em inglês, português, espanhol e francês dos últimos 28 anos. Os artigos que não apresentavam critérios de elegibilidade foram as pesquisas que não tinham enfoque de como o indivíduo era exposto ao Al, artigos de revisão e resumos. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados 13 artigos, dos quais 9 eram estudos do tipo casos e controle, 2 ensaios clínicos controlados e 2 estudos experimentais. CONCLUSÃO: As concentrações de alumínio na água podem ser um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento da DA. Porém, o tempo de exposição, a origem da água e a presença de outras substâncias também podem influenciar

Sleep study in infants with congenital cardiac

Avaliou-se a arquitetura do sono e distúrbios respiratórios do sono (DRS) em crianças (6 a 12 meses) portadoras de doenças cardíacas congênitas (DCC) sem (DCC-NH) e com presença hipoxemia (DCC-H) durante a vigília. Foram estudadas 21 crianças através de polissonografia noturna (7 DCC-NH, 7 DCC-H e 7 controles). O índice de distúrbios respiratórios (eventos/hora de sono) foi de 2,2, 2,5 e 0,7 nos grupos DCC-NH, DCC-H e controle, respectivamente, p < 0,05. A saturação de oxigênio mínima foi de 79%, 73% e 90% nos grupos DCC-NH, DCC-H e controle, respetivamente, p < 0,05. Apesar do alto índice de DRS nas crianças com DCC, a arquitetura do sono mostrou-se preservadaThis study has investigated the sleep architecture and sleep breathing disorders (SBD) in infants (6 to 12 months) with congenital cardiac disease (CCD). Nocturnal polysomnography was performed in 21 infants: 7 non-hypoxemic, 7 hypoxemic and 7 healthy infants (control group). The respiratory disturbance index (events/hour) was 2.2, 2.5 and 0.7 in the non-hypoxemic, hypoxemic and control group (p < 0.05). The minimum oxygen saturation was 79% for the non-hypoxemic group, 73% for the hypoxemic group and 90% for the control group. Despite the high respiratory disturbance index the sleep architecture was preserved in infants with CC

Epidemiological profile of 277 patients with facial fractures treated at the emergency room at the ENT Department of Hospital do Trabalhador in Curitiba/PR, in 2010

Introduction: Epidemiological studies that focus on facial injuries are of great interest for the knowledge of occurrence and severity of presentation. Aim: To study the epidemiological profile of 277 patients who suffered facial fractures at the Hospital do Trabalhador (HT), with an emphasis on variables such as sex, age, cause, and anatomical sites of fractures, comparing the clinical findings with other studies. Method: Retrospective nonrandomized chart review of 277 patients who were treated at HT by the ENT service during the full year 2010, victims of facial fractures. Results: Of 277 patients, 74.72% were male and 25.27% female (ratio 3:1). According to age, the fractures were distributed as follows: 0-9 years: 4.69%, 10-19 years: 17.32%, 20-29 years: 23.82%, 30-39 years: 20.21%, 40-49 years: 16.24%, 50-59 years: 10.83%, 60-69 years: 3.97%, and 60-79 years: 2.88%. The cause of trauma was most frequently interpersonal violence, 36.45%, followed by falls, 23.09%, and motor vehicle crashes with 17.32%. Regarding location, nasal fracture was the most common, with 44.75%, followed by the mandible, 14.32%, orbit, 12.78%, maxillary, 12.02%, zygomatic, 9.97%, 3.32% and front Le Fort 2.88%. Conclusion: The patients were mostly males, aged 21-30 years, victims of aggression with the most commonly fractured bone being the nose. The adoption of personal and public strategies and measures may prevent facial fractures

Continuity of care in primary care and association with survival in older people: a 17-year prospective cohort study

BACKGROUND: Although continuity of care is a widely accepted core principle of primary care, the evidence about its benefits is still weak. AIM: To investigate whether continuity of care in general practice is associated with better survival in older people. DESIGN AND SETTING: Data were derived from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam, an ongoing cohort study in older people in the Netherlands. The study sample consisted of 1712 older adults aged ≥60 years, with 3-year follow-up cycles up to 17 years (1992–2009), and mortality follow-up until 2013. METHOD: Continuity of care was defined as the duration of the ongoing therapeutic relationship between patient and GP. The Herfindahl–Hirschman Index was used to calculate the continuity of care (COC). A COC index value of 1 represented maximum continuity. COC index values <1 were divided into tertiles, with a fourth category for participants with maximum COC. Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the association between COC and survival time. RESULTS: Seven hundred and forty-two participants (43.3%) reported a maximum COC. Among the 759 participants surviving 17 years, 251 (33.1%) still had the same GP. The lowest COC category (index >0–0.500) showed significantly greater mortality than those in the maximum COC category (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.42). There were no confounders that affected this HR. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that low continuity of care in general practice is associated with a higher risk of mortality, strengthening the case for encouragement of continuity of care