Is The Imitation Behaviour of Internet Enterprises a Matter of Expediency?-The Enlightenment from Species Competition Model

This paper intends to interpret the causes of imitation among Internet enterprises through establishing the competition model of two enterprises based on species competition model. The research shows that imitation is the result of rational choice on the part of an enterprise. The competitive advantages of large Internet enterprises come from the differentiation based on the homogeneity. Imitation is not a matter of expediency. Inheritance innovation strategy plays an important role in product development

A study on influential factors of occupant window-opening behavior in an office building in China

Occupants often perform many types of behavior in buildings to adjust the indoor thermal environment. In these types, opening/closing the windows, often regarded as window-opening behavior, is more commonly observed because of its convenience. It not only improves indoor air quality to satisfy occupants' requirement for indoor thermal comfort but also influences building energy consumption. To learn more about potential factors having effects on occupants' window-opening behavior, a field study was carried out in an office building within a university in Beijing. Window state (open/closed) for a total of 5 windows in 5 offices on the second floor in 285 days (9.5 months) were recorded daily. Potential factors, categorized as environmental and non-environmental ones, were subsequently identified with their impact on window-opening behavior through logistic regression and Pearson correlation approaches. The analytical results show that occupants' window-opening behavior is more strongly correlated to environmental factors, such as indoor and outdoor air temperatures, wind speed, relative humidity, outdoor PM2.5 concentrations, solar radiation, sunshine hours, in which air temperatures dominate the influence. While the non-environmental factors, i.e. seasonal change, time of day and personal preference, also affects the patterns of window-opening probability. This paper provides solid field data on occupant window opening behavior in China, with high resolutions and demonstrates the way in analyzing and predicting the probability of window-opening behavior. Its discussion into the potential impact factors shall be useful for further investigation of the relationship between building energy consumption and window-opening behavior

Colorimetric Determination of Peroxidation Values of Edible Pure Vegetable Oil by Using Fe3O4@COOH Nanozyme

A colorimetric method for the determination of the peroxide value (POV) of edible vegetable oils was established based on the peroxidase-like catalytic activity of Fe3O4@COOH nanoenzyme. For five edible vegetable oils (corn oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, and soybean oil), POV over the range of 0–0.3 g/100 g exhibited a good linear relationship with absorbance values. The proposed method could accurately detect the POV of edible vegetable oils oxidized in three different ways (ultraviolet lamp irradiation, oven heating and natural oxidation). The differences between the POV determined by this method and the national standard method for 25 oil samples were less than 0.05, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) for corn oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, and soybean oil were 6.13 %, 5.84 %, 6.82 %, 3.62 % and 5.75 %, respectively, indicating good practicability of the colorimetric method. This study provides a fast and convenient method for determining the POV of edible pure vegetable oils

A field study on occupants’ ventilation behaviour through balcony doors in university students’ apartments during transitional seasons in Beijing

Occupant behaviour has an important role in both the environmental performance and energy performance of buildings, which has been thoroughly demonstrated in the past several decades. Based on a review work, some research gaps have been identified in the area of occupants’ ventilation behaviour and to answer those gaps a field study was carried out in a student dormitory building in Beijing, China, over the period of one transitional season in 2015. The study monitored students’ ventilation behaviour dynamically with concurrent measurement of relevant influential factors that have been identified in existing studies carried out in conventional buildings. The analysis carried out in the study aimed to demonstrate the influence of those previously-identified factors in the case study building. The factors examined in the study included outdoor air temperature, indoor air temperature, occupant presence, and certain aspects relating to personal preferences. From the analysis, it was found that all these factors can influence students’ ventilation behaviour in dormitories. However, the influence of occupant presence seems to be different from the findings in conventional buildings which focused mainly on the use of external windows, and not balcony doors, which are included in this study

Exploring Views of Resource-based University Organizational Design

Several factors have impacted Chinese higher education, such as university scale, competitive environment, technical transform, university strategic innovation and organizational culture, which are related closely with the organizational design for higher education. These result in the need of reformation in higher educational organization. Reviewing university competitive competence from resource-based views, which emphasizes the importance of organizational external efficiency, interaction between universities and their environment

Active Learning Experiences by Learning with "Buildings Around" Program

ABSTRACT For Civil engineering students, during the general learning in school, they can seldom meet opportunities to participate in the construction of whole projects in the real process. To make a situation for design ability according to Standards 5、6 and 8 in CDIO, the traditional engineering laboratory was moved to the campus in a program named "Learning with Buildings Around" in a course "Architectural Design and Construction" for Civil Engineering in Shantou University. The buildings in campus such as Library, teaching buildings, dormitory have been the Learning objects. Students explored these existing buildings on their space, function, composition, materials and constructing. The exploration practices constitute the students understanding of the buildings and stimulate students desire to create new buildings. This paper focuses on introducing the implementation of the program. Also a discussion on teachers' guide work and the learning outcomes are included as well as some improvement suggestions to active and experiential learning for the course

Reconciling Print-Size and Display-Size Constraints on Reading (Minnesota Lab for Low-Vision Research, 2020)

Detailed documentation is uploaded along with the data files.The data includes both normally-sighted (Times and Courier groups) and low-vision subjects' reading performance. The main dependent variable in this dataset is reading speed. Reading speed measure is indicated by how many characters per minute were read. In addition, two independent variables with their different levels are provided. These variables are display format (laptop, tablet, phone) and blur condition for normally-sighted participants (normal-viewing condition and viewing under artificial blur through goggles)

Colorimetric Chemosensor Based on Fe₃O₄ Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Nanoparticles for Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Norfloxacin in Milk

Long-term use of norfloxacin (NOR) will cause NOR residues in foods and harm human bodies. The determination of NOR residues is important for guaranteeing food safety. In this study, a simple, selective, and label-free colorimetric chemosensor for in situ NOR detection was developed based on Fe3O4 magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (Fe3O4 MMIP NPs). The Fe3O4 MMIP NPs showed good peroxidase-like catalytic activity to 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and selective adsorption ability to NOR. The colorimetric chemosensor was constructed based on the Fe3O4 MMIP NPs-H2O2-TMB reaction system. The absorbance differences were proportional to the concentrations of NOR in the range of 10–300 ng/mL with a limit of detection at 9 ng/mL. The colorimetric chemosensor was successfully applied to detect NOR residue in milk. The recovery range was 78.2–95.81%, with a relative standard deviation of 2.1–9.88%. Together, the proposed colorimetric chemosensor provides a reliable strategy for the detection of NOR residues in foods

Discovering urban functional zones using latent activity trajectories

The step of urbanization and modern civilization fosters different functional zones in a city, such as residential areas, business districts, and educational areas. In a metropolis, people commute between these functional zones every day to engage in different socioeconomic activities, e.g., working, shopping, and entertaining. In this paper, we propose a data-driven framework to discover functional zones in a city. Specifically, we introduce the concept of latent activity trajectory (LAT), which captures socioeconomic activities conducted by citizens at different locations in a chronological order. Later, we segment an urban area into disjointed regions according to major roads, such as highways and urban expressways. We have developed a topic-modeling-based approach to cluster the segmented regions into functional zones leveraging mobility and location semantics mined from LAT. Furthermore, we identify the intensity of each functional zone using Kernel Density Estimation. Extensive experiments are conducted with several urban scale datasets to show that the proposed framework offers a powerful ability to capture city dynamics and provides valuable calibrations to urban planners in terms of functional zones