Analysis of Chlorogenic Acid Oxidation Pathway in Simulated Enzymatic Honeysuckle Browning System by High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry

Purpose: To investigate the pathways involved in the oxidation of chlorogenic acid (CA) and phenol metabolism in honeysuckle buds.Methods: A model that mimics CA oxidation by honeysuckle polyphenol oxidase (PPO) by controlling the reaction temperature or reaction duration was employed, and the resulting products were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography followed by mass spectrometry (LC-MS).Results: The pathway of CA oxidation by PPO in honeysuckle involves CA, hydroxyl - CA, CA-oquinone derivatives, and CA-p-quinone derivatives.Conclusion: CA oxidation and the enzymatic browning reaction significantly impact the quality of honeysuckle and other fresh agricultural products.Keywords: Honeysuckle, Chlorogenic acid, Enzymatic browning, Mimic system, Oxidation pathway, High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometr

Stretching Micro Metal Particles into Uniformly Dispersed and Sized Nanoparticles in Polymer.

There is a longstanding challenge to disperse metal nanoparticles uniformly in bulk polymers for widespread applications. Conventional scale-down techniques often are only able to shrink larger elements (such as microparticles and microfibers) into micro/nano-elements (i.e. nanoparticles and nanofibers) without much altering their relative spatial and size distributions. Here we show an unusual phenomenon that tin (Sn) microparticles with both poor size distribution and spatial dispersion were stretched into uniformly dispersed and sized Sn nanoparticles in polyethersulfone (PES) through a stack and draw technique in thermal drawing. It is believed that the capillary instability plays a crucial role during thermal drawing. This novel, inexpensive, and scalable method overcomes the longstanding challenge to produce bulk polymer-metal nanocomposites (PMNCs) with a uniform dispersion of metallic nano-elements

Intestinal Microecology in Pediatric Surgery-Related Gastrointestinal Diseases Current Insights and Future Perspectives

Intestinal microecology is established from birth and is constantly changing until homeostasis is reached. Intestinal microecology is involved in the immune inflammatory response of the intestine and regulates the intestinal barrier function. The imbalance of intestinal microecology is closely related to the occurrence and development of digestive system diseases. In some gastrointestinal diseases related to pediatric surgery, intestinal microecology and its metabolites undergo a series of changes, which can provide a certain basis for the diagnosis of diseases. The continuous development of microecological agents and fecal microbiota transplantation technology has provided a new means for its clinical treatment. We review the relationship between pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of pediatric surgery-related gastrointestinal diseases and intestinal microecology, in order to provide new ideas and methods for clinical diagnosis, treatment and research

The variation characteristics of fecal microbiota in remission UC patients with anxiety and depression

BackgroundUlcerative colitis (UC) patients with relapsed disease are most likely to suffer from anxiety and depression. Increasing data indicates that psychological issues can change the composition of intestinal flora. Thus, we aim to seek the variation of intestinal microbiota composition in remission UC patients with anxiety and depression in Northwest China.ResultsIn this study, 45 UC patients in remission were enrolled. The incidence of anxiety was 33.3%, and the prevalence of depression was 22.2%. There was no statistical difference in the alpha diversity of fecal microbiota, while beta diversity had a significant difference between the anxiety group and the non-anxiety group and the depression group and the non-depression group. Species composition analysis results showed that the ratio of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacilales significantly decreased. At the same time, the proportion of Escherichia-Shigella and Proteus_mirabilis increased in the anxiety group, and the ratio of Faecalibacterium and Bifidobacterium significantly decreased. In contrast, Escherichia-Shigella increased in the depression group at the gene levels.ConclusionAnxiety and depression still exist in UC patients even in the remission period. We first identify that the proportion of probiotics decreases while the proportion of pathogens increases in UC patients with anxiety and depression. These findings may provide a new pathophysiological mechanism for the recurrence of disease caused by impaired psychological function and a new method for the treatment strategy of UC patients with psychological issues

A Generic Bamboo-Based Carbothermal Method for Preparing Carbide (SiC, B\u3csub\u3e4\u3c/sub\u3eC, TiC, TaC, NbC, Ti\u3csub\u3ex\u3c/sub\u3eNb\u3csub\u3e1-x\u3c/sub\u3eC, and Ta\u3csub\u3ex\u3c/sub\u3e Nb\u3csub\u3e1-x\u3c/sub\u3eC) Nanowires

Finding a general procedure to produce a whole class of materials in a similar way is a desired goal of materials chemistry. In this work, we report a new bamboo-based carbothermal method to prepare nanowires of covalent carbides (SiC and B4C) and interstitial carbides (TiC, TaC, NbC, TixNb1−xC, and TaxNb1−xC). The use of natural nanoporous bamboo as both the renewable carbon source and the template for the formation of catalyst particles greatly simplifies the synthesis process. Based on the structural, morphological and elemental analysis, volatileoxides or halides assisted vapour–liquid–solid growth mechanism was proposed. This bamboo based carbothermal method can be generalized to other carbide systems, providing a general, one-pot, convenient, low-cost, nontoxic, mass production, and innovative strategy for the synthesis of carbide nanostructures