Glutathione S-transferase polymorphism in ethnic groups living in Eastern Siberia

The role of glutathione S-transferase for the life of the cell and the entire organism is related to their participation in the processes of detoxification of xenobiotics and antioxidant protection. Genetic variability of glutathione S-transferases appears in the form of different enzymatic activity of the corresponding protein products. In this study, a comparative analysis was conducted on the frequency of genotypes of three genes in the glutathione S-transferases gene superfamily (GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1) from representatives of two ethnic groups, Russian and Buryat. To this end, genetic typing of DNA samples was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Statistically significant differences in the frequency of occurrence of alleles A, B, C of the GSTP1 gene (р = 0.026) were found between the groups of teenagers compared. It was found that the frequency of the allele A, which codes for the active variant enzyme, is significantly higher in the Buryat ethnic group (p = 0.012). The allele B, the product of which is a “slow” version of the enzyme, was significantly more common in the Russian ethnic group (p = 0.014). In the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes, no statistically significant differences in the frequency of occurrence of “zero” and “functional” genotypes between the compared groups of teenagers were found. However, there was a tendency to increase in the frequency of the “zero” genotype of the GSTM1 gene in the Russian ethnic group. In addition, the frequency of the “zero” genotype in two genes GSTM1 and GSTT1 at once was almost two times higher in the Russian ethnic group than in the Buryat ethnic group

Apolipoprotein-b gen and its role in formation of essential hypertension

For two groups of Russian teenagers the proportion of deletion (Del) allele of the apolipoprotein-B gene polymorphism (ApoB, Ins/Del, rs17240441) was studied. One group of 70 teenagers with essential hypertension, and the comparison group - 73 healthy teenagers. In both groups, the most common genotype was heterozygous genotype Ins/Del, in the group with essential hypertension it was 67,1 %, in the control group - 52,1 %. The frequency of Del allele in the group with essential hypertension was 47,9 %, which was significantly higher than in the comparison group - 30,1 % (p = 0,003). Thus, the high frequency of deletion allele in the studied group with hypertension indicates an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in this group in the future and has prognostic significance

СОВРЕМЕННАЯ СИТУАЦИЯ ПО ПАРАЗИТОЗАМ И МЕРЫ БОРЬБЫ С НИМИ В РОССИИ И СТРАНАХ СНГ (по материалам Координационных отчетов)

42 scientific Institutions and High Schools were involved in fulfillment of In- terdepartmental and Interstate programs in 2013. In all regions of Russian Federa- tion and CIS countries were conducted regular monitoring studies on epizootic sit- uation in relation to parasitosis in domestic and wild animals, birds, fish and bees. Based on information system of collecting and analysis of data a monitoring me- thodology of parasitic diseases is elaborated that allows to forecast the develop- ment of epizootic situation and to optimize the struggle against parasitic diseases within particular region. Forecast of epizootic situation on main helminthosis of animals made for 2013 is basically confirmed. Compared to the previous year the epizootic situation got worse in relation to paramphystomatosis in Yakutia, strongi- latosis of gastrointestinal tract and lungs in Southern Siberia and in the Far East as well as in regions infected with eurytremosis and orientobilharciosis. Parasitic fau- na, spread of parasitosis and features of parasitosis course in ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats and deers) are studied on the territory of Moscow, Kalinigrad, Ryasan, Samara and Tyumen regions, Altai, South Ural, North Caucasus, Yakutia, West Kazakhstan, Central and South-Eastern Tajikistan. Features of parasitosis course in carnivorous in Black Earth and Non-Black Earth zones, Krasnodar Krai and Altai are studied. Continuous monitoring studies in regions unfavorable for trichinellosis are being conducted. Features of circulation of trichinellosis in natural biocenosis of Central region of Russia are investigated and methodical guidelines for its pre- vention in hunting farms are developed where a wide range of issues is embraced. A new patented device «Gelmi» is destined for release of eggs and larvae from helminths using peptolysis of muscle tissue samples; a digestion technique for the detection of trichenellosis and opisthorchosis is developed. Furthermore for the first time metacercariae opisthorchis, mesocercariae alaria and larvae of trematodes using a method of peptolysis are released. Techniques for axonomic identifying of genotype of northern isolates of Trichinella spp. on the territory of RF are devel- oped that allows to complete the system characteristic and to detect phylogenetic relationship inside different taxonomic groups. Helminthophauna of predators on the territory of Central Black Earth State Biosphere Reserve are analyzed. Age- related and season infection dynamics are revealed in main commercial fish in Tsimlyansk, Varvarovka, Karpovka reservoirs as well as in Volga and Lena rivers. Monitoring of spread of invasions and infections in honey bees in the South of Tyumen region is conductedПроведен анализ работ научных учреждений и ВУЗов России и стран СНГ, посвященных исследова- ниям в области ветеринарной паразитологии за 2013 г. Изучена паразитофауна, распространение и особенно- сти течения паразитозов у крупного рогатого скота, овец, коз, северных оленей, лошадей, свиней, плотояд- ных, птиц, рыб и пчел на территории России, Белорус- сии, Казахстана, Кыргызстана и Таджикистана. Раз- работаны методы диагностики, профилактики и схе- мы лечения паразитозов. Выявлены особенности им- мунного ответа при паразитозах и их лечении. Созда- ны и испытаны новые комплексные противопарази- тарные препараты, изучены их фармакотоксикологи- ческие свойств

ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ЖИДКОСТНОЙ ЦИТОЛОГИИ В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ РАКА МОЧЕВОГО ПУЗЫРЯ

The study included 323 patients (the first group - 150 patients with suspected bladder cancer, the second - 173 patients with bladder cancer after treatment). All patients underwent cytological investigation of washings of bladder using conventional method and liquid cytology. This study presents comparative characteristics of these methods and shows considerable effectiveness of the method of liquid cytology in the diagnosis of bladder cancer and its local recurrence.В исследование  включено 323 человека (первая  группа – 150 пациентов с подозрением на рак мочевого пузыря, вторая – 173 больных раком мочевого пузыря, после проведенного лечения). Всем обследуемым было выполнено цитологическое исследование  промывных вод мочевого пузыря традиционным методом и методом жидкостной цитологии. Дана сравнительная характеристика этих методов исследования и показана значительная эффективность метода жидкостной цитологии в диагностике рака мочевого пузыря и его местных рецидивов

Current situation in relation to parasites and measures of struggle against them in Russia and cis countries (based on materials of coordinating reports)

42 scientific Institutions and High Schools were involved in fulfillment of In- terdepartmental and Interstate programs in 2013. In all regions of Russian Federa- tion and CIS countries were conducted regular monitoring studies on epizootic sit- uation in relation to parasitosis in domestic and wild animals, birds, fish and bees. Based on information system of collecting and analysis of data a monitoring me- thodology of parasitic diseases is elaborated that allows to forecast the develop- ment of epizootic situation and to optimize the struggle against parasitic diseases within particular region. Forecast of epizootic situation on main helminthosis of animals made for 2013 is basically confirmed. Compared to the previous year the epizootic situation got worse in relation to paramphystomatosis in Yakutia, strongi- latosis of gastrointestinal tract and lungs in Southern Siberia and in the Far East as well as in regions infected with eurytremosis and orientobilharciosis. Parasitic fau- na, spread of parasitosis and features of parasitosis course in ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats and deers) are studied on the territory of Moscow, Kalinigrad, Ryasan, Samara and Tyumen regions, Altai, South Ural, North Caucasus, Yakutia, West Kazakhstan, Central and South-Eastern Tajikistan. Features of parasitosis course in carnivorous in Black Earth and Non-Black Earth zones, Krasnodar Krai and Altai are studied. Continuous monitoring studies in regions unfavorable for trichinellosis are being conducted. Features of circulation of trichinellosis in natural biocenosis of Central region of Russia are investigated and methodical guidelines for its pre- vention in hunting farms are developed where a wide range of issues is embraced. A new patented device «Gelmi» is destined for release of eggs and larvae from helminths using peptolysis of muscle tissue samples; a digestion technique for the detection of trichenellosis and opisthorchosis is developed. Furthermore for the first time metacercariae opisthorchis, mesocercariae alaria and larvae of trematodes using a method of peptolysis are released. Techniques for axonomic identifying of genotype of northern isolates of Trichinella spp. on the territory of RF are devel- oped that allows to complete the system characteristic and to detect phylogenetic relationship inside different taxonomic groups. Helminthophauna of predators on the territory of Central Black Earth State Biosphere Reserve are analyzed. Age- related and season infection dynamics are revealed in main commercial fish in Tsimlyansk, Varvarovka, Karpovka reservoirs as well as in Volga and Lena rivers. Monitoring of spread of invasions and infections in honey bees in the South of Tyumen region is conducte

Features of development of emotional-volitional functions of children depending on the type of feeding in terms of military conflict

The aim of the research is to study the state of emotional-volitional function in infants, who were born and living in Lugansk and Donetsk during the military conflict. A dynamic clinical examination was made with the assessment of the rate of emotional-volitional development in 68 children in the area of military conflict. Among them 32 children were breast-fed, forming Ia (the main) group of children, and 36 children were bottle-fed, forming Ib (the comparison group). The second (control) group of our study consisted of 88 children, who were outside the area of military conflict. Among them there were 47 children, who were breast-fed (IIa group), and 41 children, who were bottle-fed (IIb group). The assessment of the level of emotional-volitional development in children was carried out using a standardized clinical-psychological technique called “Gnome”. Results: The level of development of emotional-volitional function in children depends on the type of feeding and the environment. Despite the stressful situation the mother’s milk and physical contact with the mother contributed to higher levels of emotional and volitional development compared to the comparison group of children. But the stress of the war still promoted inhibition of emotional and volitional development, compared with children, who had similar feeding, staying in a peaceful environment