Magnesium Sulfate Has Potential Scavenging Effects on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Ovarian Damage in A Rat Model

Objective: This study proposed to investigate whether magnesium sulfate (MgSO4)could reduce the ovarian damage induced by cyclophosphamide (Cyc). Material and Methods:Thirty female rats were used for this study: Control group (n10)- Only laparotomy; Cyc groupn10)-75 mg/kg Cyc intraperitoneally; and CycMgSO4 group (n10)-75 mg/kg Cyc on day 0 and200 mg/kg MgSO4 on days 1-7 (both intraperitoneally). The extent of histopathological damage andthe number of ovarian follicles were determined. The levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH)were measured in blood samples. Results: Statistically significant differences in the AMH valueswere observed in the control group versus Cyc group and Cyc group versus CycMgSO4 group(p0.05). The levels of AMH were the least in the Cyc group. The total tissue damage in the Cycgroup was significantly higher than that in the control, as well as in the CycMgSO4 group(p0.05). The follicle counts were the least in the Cyc group. Conclusion: Cyc caused ovarian damage and reduced the ovarian reserves. The ovarian reserves in the MgSO4-treated group were better than those in the other groups, and there was least ovarian damage in the MgSO4-treated group

Huge Hydro-Pyosalpinx in a Recently Sexually Active Woman

Pelvik inflamatuvar hastalık, endometrit, parametrit, ooforit, tubo-ovaryan abse ve/veya peritoniti kapsayan üst genital yollarının inflamasyonu olarak tanımlanır. Pelvik inflamatuar hastalık çoğunlukla alt genital trakttan asendan yolla gelen enfeksiyonlardan kaynaklanır. Reproduktif çağda olan ve rahim içi araç kullanan kadınlar pelvik inflamatuvar hastalık açısından yüksek risk taşırlar. Bu çalışmada yeni seksüel aktif genç kadında dev hidrosalpenks olgusu sunuldu. Yeni seksüel aktif (4 ay), 23 yaşında kadın hasta jinekoloji polikliniğimize karın ağrısı, ateş ve halsizlik şikâyetleri ile başvurdu. Ateşi 38.7 oC olarak ölçüldü. Jinekolojik muayenede eksternal genital organlar normal, serviks nullipar görünümde idi ve gri-kahverengi kokulu akıntı izlendi. Transvajinal ultrasonografide sağ adneksiyel alanda 91x29 mm boyutunda hidrosalpenks görünümü izlendi. Hasta hastaneye yatırılarak 14 gün süre ile parenteral geniş spektrumlu antibiyotik tedavisi verildi. Taburculuk sonrası oral antibiyotik tedavisine devam edildi. Oral antibiyotik tedavisinin 2. hafta ve 1. ay kontrollerinde hidrosalpenks görünümü sırası ile 48x9 mm ve 30x8 mm boyutlarına geriledi. Reproduktif çağdaki kadınları etkileyen pelvik inflamatuvar hastalık seksüel aktivitenin başlamasından kısa bir süre sonra ortaya çıkabilir ve erken dönemde ciddi komplikasyonlara sebep olabilir. Bu nedenle seksüel aktivitesi yeni başlamış genç yaş kadınların seksüel geçişli hastalıklar hakkında bilgilendirilmesi gereklidir.Pelvic inflammatory disease is defined as the inflammation of the upper genital tract. Its spectrum includes endometritis, parametritis, oophoritis, tubo-ovarian abscess and sometimes even peritonitis. Pelvic inflammatory disease is most often caused by infection from the subgenital tract. Reproductive women with intrauterine devices are at high risk for pelvic inflammatory disease. In this study, we presented a giant hydrosalpinx in a newly sexually active young woman. A 23-years old woman with new-onset sexual intercourse (4 months), admitted to our gynecology out-patient clinic with complaints of abdominal pain, fever and fatique. She was suffering from pelvic pain and aberrant vaginal discharge for two days. Her body temperature was 38.7oC. Her gynecological examination findings were as follows: normal external genitalia, nulliparous external os with green-brown and heavy discharge. Evaluation with transvaginal ultrasonography showed 91x29mm hydro-pyosalpinx on the right adnex. Parenteral broad-spectrum antibiotic was given for 14 days. The patient was discharged with oral antibiotherapy. At two weeks and one month controls after cessation of oral antibiotherapy, the size of hydrosalpinx decreased to 48x9 mm and 30x8 mm respectively. Pelvic inflammatory disease affecting reproductive age women may develop shortly after the onset of sexual activity and may cause serious complications in the early period. For this reason, younger women who have newly started sexual activity need to be informed about sexually transmitted diseases

What is the protective effect of krill oil on rat ovary against ischemia-reperfusion injury?

Ozkan, Zehra Sema/0000-0001-9185-3663; EREL, Ozcan/0000-0002-2996-3236WOS: 000460180500012PubMed: 30484932Aim In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of krill oil (KO) against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury on rat ovary. Methods This study was conducted with 32 Wistar Albino rats. Rats were divided into four groups, with eight rats in each group-as follows: Sham group, I/R group, I/R + low dose KO group (50 mg) and I/R + high dose KO group (500 mg). The histopathological and follicle counts were performed on the right ovary. The total antioxidant status, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index were evaluated on the left ovary. And also serum N-thiol level, serum T-thiol level, serum disulfide (SDS) level, serum disulfide/N-thiol and serum disulfide/T-thiol ratios were evaluated too. Results A statistically significant difference was determined between the I/R group and all the other groups for all parameters. There was significant difference between KO groups and the Sham group for the parameters of serum N-thiol, serum T-thiol, SDS, serum disulfide/N-thiol and serum disulfide/T-thiol. SDS, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index were determined to be the highest in the I/R group and the lowest in the low dose KO group. The total antioxidant status values were found to be the highest in the high dose KO group and the lowest in the I/R group. Follicle counts and histological injury scores showed no significant difference between Sham and KO groups. Conclusion This study demonstrated that KO has beneficial effects on decreasing the injury after I/R on rat ovary.Krkkale University Scientific Research Commission [2018/003]This research was funded by Krkkale University Scientific Research Commission (Project number: 2018/003). The authors are grateful to the staff members of Krkkale University for their valuable support

Success of Systemic Methotrexate Administration Versus Laparoscopic Salpingostomy in Ectopic Pregnancy

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we tried to compare the efficacies of laparoscopic salpingostomy and medication with a single dose of Methotrexate (50mg/m2) in ectopic pregnancy to determine the differences between the two methods in terms of treatment outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: In this study, 64 patients with ectopic pregnancy who had been administered an MTX therapy between August 2007 and July 2010 (Group A) were compared with another 64 patients with matching ages who had undergone a laparoscopic salpingostomy (Group B). The two groups were compared in terms of age, gravida, parity, initial hCG value, hCG measured at the time of being discharged from the hospital, hCG values checked a week later and the number of hospitalization days. The number of repeating doses and the rate of undergoing a laparoscopy salpingostomy were calculated in patients receiving MTX. RESULTS: The hCG values of the patients in the MTX and laparoscopy groups respectively were as follows: Initial hCG measurement; 670.5±1027.5 vs. 5511.3± 7293.0 (p=0.0001), hCG measured at the time of discharge; 352.3±627.0 vs. 869.7±599.1 (p=0.016), and hCG value after a week; 292.5±617.4 vs 864.1±1531.8 (p=0.023). The difference in the number of hospitalization days between the two groups came out to be significant; 2.4±4.2 for the MTX group and 1.3±1.6 for the laparoscopy group with p=0.01. Repetition of the dose became necessary in 14.1% (9/64) of the patients receiving medical treatment (MTX) as their hCG values did not decrease. Success was achieved in treating 4.7% (6/64) of these patients after the second dose and the rate of undergoing a laparoscopic salpingostomy due to MTX failure was calculated to be 4.6%. CONCLUSION: We found in this study that MTX used as a medical treatment in ectopic pregnancy was as successful as a laparoscopic salpingostomy. MTX failure can be minimized by firmly determining the criteria for the patients who will be given a medical treatment

What is the protective effect of metformin on rat ovary against ischemia-reperfusion injury?

Ozkan, Zehra Sema/0000-0001-9185-3663WOS: 000424844400013PubMed: 29144016AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of metformin on the rat ovary against ischemia-reperfusion injury. MethodsThirty-seven female Wistar albino rats were used in the study. The rats were divided into five groups, as follows: sham operation group (group 1); torsion group (group 2); torsion/detorsion+saline group (group 3); torsion/detorsion+low-dose metformin group (group 4); and torsion/detorsion+high-dose metformin group (group 5). The right ovary from each rat was evaluated histologically using hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the left ovaries were evaluated for tissue levels of the reduced-glutathione-to-oxidized-glutathione ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), and caspase-3 activation. ResultsThe highest damage score was observed in group 3, and the lowest score was observed in group 1. The tissue caspase-3 activity levels of groups 2, 3, and 4 were significantly higher than those of group 1. The difference between group 1 and group 5 in terms of tissue caspase-3 activity was not significant (P=0.4). The reduced-glutathione-to-oxidized-glutathione ratio of group 1 was significantly higher than the ratios found in groups 2, 3, and 4. The tissue MDA level of group 1 was significantly lower than the levels found in groups 2, 3, 4, and 5. The tissue MDA level of group 5 was significantly lower than the levels in groups 3 and 4. ConclusionFrom both histopathological and biochemical analyses, the results of the study demonstrated that metformin has beneficial effects when it comes to attenuating ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury.Kirikkale University Scientific Research Commission [2015/72]This research was funded by Kirikkale University Scientific Research Commission (project number: 2015/72). The authors are grateful to the staff members of Kirikkale University for their valuable support

One-hour versus two-hour postprandial blood glucose measurement in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: which is more predictive?

The purpose of this study is to investigate postprandial 1-h (PP1) and 2-h (PP2) blood glucose measurements' correlation with adverse perinatal outcomes. This prospective cohort study consisted of 259 women with gestational diabetes mellitus. During each antenatal visit, HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) as well as plasma glucose at PP1 and PP2 were analyzed. There were 144 patients on insulin therapy and 115 patients on diet therapy. A total of 531 blood glucose measurements were obtained at different gestational ages between 24 and 41 gestational weeks. PP2 plasma glucose measurements (but not PP1) were positively correlated with fetal macrosomia. But on adjusted analysis, neither PP1 nor PP2 measurements predicted perinatal complications. In addition to PP1 and PP2, neither FPG nor HbA1c were able to predict perinatal complications or fetal macrosomia when controlled for confounding factors except for a positive correlation between fetal macrosomia and HbA1c in patients on diet therapy. Postprandial 1-h and postprandial 2-h plasma glucose measurements were not superior to each other in predicting fetal macrosomia or perinatal complications. Based on our findings, it can be concluded that both methods may be suitable for follow-up as there are no clear advantages of one measurement over the other

One-hour versus two-hour postprandial blood glucose measurement in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: which is more predictive?

The purpose of this study is to investigate postprandial 1-h (PP1) and 2-h (PP2) blood glucose measurements' correlation with adverse perinatal outcomes. This prospective cohort study consisted of 259 women with gestational diabetes mellitus. During each antenatal visit, HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) as well as plasma glucose at PP1 and PP2 were analyzed. There were 144 patients on insulin therapy and 115 patients on diet therapy. A total of 531 blood glucose measurements were obtained at different gestational ages between 24 and 41 gestational weeks. PP2 plasma glucose measurements (but not PP1) were positively correlated with fetal macrosomia. But on adjusted analysis, neither PP1 nor PP2 measurements predicted perinatal complications. In addition to PP1 and PP2, neither FPG nor HbA1c were able to predict perinatal complications or fetal macrosomia when controlled for confounding factors except for a positive correlation between fetal macrosomia and HbA1c in patients on diet therapy. Postprandial 1-h and postprandial 2-h plasma glucose measurements were not superior to each other in predicting fetal macrosomia or perinatal complications. Based on our findings, it can be concluded that both methods may be suitable for follow-up as there are no clear advantages of one measurement over the other