Parasitoid complex (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) of the leaf-mining fly Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Russia

Yefremova Z, Strakhova I, Kravchenko V, von Tschirnhaus M, Yegorenkova E. Parasitoid complex (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) of the leaf-mining fly Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Russia. PHYTOPARASITICA. 2015;43(1):125-134.Sixteen species of Eulophidae were reared from Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau) collected from 14 host plants in the Middle Volga Basin (Russia). Chrysocharis viridis (Nees), Closterocerus trifasciatus Westwood, Diglyphus pusztensis (Erdos), Minotetrastichus frontalis (Nees), Neochrysocharis aratus (Walker), Pediobius cassidae Erdos, and Pnigalio pectinicornis (Linnaeus) are new host records. Two parasitic species, D. isaea (Walker) and P. metallicus (Nees), were dominant. The pre-imaginal stages of both dominant (ecto- and endoparasitoid) species are illustrated. The sex ratio between the ecto- and endoparasitoids differed. In June/July, there were about threefold more females in ectoparasitoids than in endoparasitoids. These differences in sex ratio were not related to the plant species only. The endoparasitoid species were found on all species of host plants of C. horticola, whereas the ectoparasitoid species were restricted to about half the plant species. Diglyphus isaea and Pediobius metallicus are very important regulating species against leaf miner pests such as C. horticola

Expression of a catalytically inactive mutant form of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) confers a dominant-negative effect in male fertility.

The selenoenzyme Gpx4 is essential for early embryogenesis and cell viability for its unique function to prevent phospholipid oxidation. Recently, the cytosolic form of Gpx4 was identified as an upstream regulator of a novel form of non-apoptotic cell death, called ferroptosis, whereas the mitochondrial isoform of Gpx4 (mGpx4) was previously shown to be crucial for male fertility. Here, we generated and analyzed mice with targeted mutation of the active site selenocysteine (Sec) of Gpx4 (Gpx4_U46S). Mice homozygous for Gpx4_U46S died at the same embryonic stage (E7.5) as Gpx4-/- embryos as expected. Surprisingly, male mice heterozygous for Gpx4_U46S presented subfertility. Subfertility was manifested in a reduced number of litters from heterozygous breedings and an impairment of spermatozoa to fertilize oocytes in vitro. Morphologically, sperm isolated from heterozygous Gpx4_U46S mice revealed many structural abnormalities particularly in the spermatozoan midpiece due to improper oxidation and polymerization of sperm capsular proteins and malformation of the mitochondrial capsule surrounding and stabilizing sperm mitochondria. These findings are reminiscent of sperm isolated from selenium-deprived rodents or from mice specifically lacking mGpx4. Due to a strongly facilitated incorporation of Ser in the polypeptide chain as compared to Sec at the UGA codon, expression of the catalytically inactive Gpx4_U46S was found to be strongly increased. Since the stability of the mitochondrial capsule of mature spermatozoa depends on the moonlighting function of Gpx4 both as an enzyme oxidizing capsular protein thiols and being a structural protein, tightly controlled expression of functional Gpx4 emerges being key for full male fertility

Note referring to the description of Diglyphus scapus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

در مقاله‌ی Hesami et al. (2006) درباره‌ی معرفی گونه‌هایی از زنبورهای خانواده‌ی Eulophidae در ایران، گونه‌ی جدیدی با عنوان Diglyphus scapus Yefremova معرفی و توصیف گردید که بدون ذکر محل نگه‌داری هولوتیپ منتشر شد. طبق بند 2-4-16 کد بین‌المللی نام‌گذاری جانوری (ICZN, 1999)، برای این که نام علمی یک جانور توصیف شده available محسوب گردد، ضروری است محل نگه‌داری هولوتیپ به طور روشن بیان گردد. از‌این‌رو، بدین‌وسیله معرفی هولوتیپ گونه‌ی مذکور تصحیح می‌گردد

MOLECULAR GENETIC ANALYSIS OF INFECTION AGENTS OF FARM ANIMALS ANAPLASMOSIS ON THE TERRITORY OF WESTERN AND EASTERN SIBERIA

A total of 452 blood samples of cattle, sheep and goat collected in different regions of Altai Republic, Altai region, Novosibirsk and Irkutsk regions were examined on the presence of Anaplasma DNA using nested PCR with subsequent sequencing of PCR fragments. Anaplasma DNA was found in all examined blood samples of goat, 75.2 % samples of sheep, and 49.3 % samples of cattle. A molecular genetic analysis has demonstrated that intraerythrocytic Anaplasma ovis circulates in goat and sheep blood, while an intraerythrocytic Anaplasma sp. Omsk and a new intraerythrocytic Anaplasma sp. Sibl22, which cannot be attributed to any known species, circulate in cattle blood. In addition to intraerythrocytic Anaplasma, DNA of monocytic Anaplasma bovis was found in one blood sample of cattle

Party Censure in the Local History Documents in the 1920-1930s Urals

В статье на основе не публиковавшихся ранее архивных документов по цензуре историко-краеведческих изданий на Урале рассматривается история преследования интеллектуальной мысли на Урале в 1920-30-е гг.The author analyzes the history of intellectual thought persecution in the 1920-1930s Urals with reference to some previously unpublished archival local history documents on censure

Reduction of mosquito biting pressure by timed-release 0.3% aerosolized geraniol

We conducted a study to determine the degree of personal protection provided by the Terminix® ALLCLEAR® Mosquito Mister – Lantern Edition. This outdoor unit was operated to disperse an aerosolized aqueous 0.3% geraniol emulsion in timed-release intervals of 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 min. Human volunteers participated in landing catch experiments to test the effect of geraniol sprayed at pre-set time intervals, at two distances: (1) 18 ft (5.49 m), the maximum effective distance claimed by the manufacturer, and (2) 9 ft (2.74 m), half the effective distance from the unit. When aerosolized geraniol was dispensed, reductions in biting pressure (landing, probing and biting mosquitoes) of Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus, at all times and distances, were evident compared to dispensation of the water spray control. The degree of protection correlated well with the distance from the subject and the time interval of releases. The 5 min time interval mode reduced overall biting pressure by more than 90% at 9 ft (2.74 m) and 18 ft (5.49 m). Reduction of biting pressure in the 7.5 min mode was still well over 80% and even in the 10 min mode, overall protection was slightly above 80% at a distance of 9 ft. The lowest but still reasonable protection level was observed in the 10 min mode, at the periphery of the area the unit claims to protect (300 ft2), with a biting pressure reduction of approximately two-thirds

PARASITOID COMPLEX (HYMENOPTERA, EULOPHIDAE) OF MINING FLIES (DIPTERA, AGROMYZIDAE) IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA RIVER BASIN

Strakhova IS, Yefremova ZA, von Tschirnhaus M, Yegorenkova EN. PARASITOID COMPLEX (HYMENOPTERA, EULOPHIDAE) OF MINING FLIES (DIPTERA, AGROMYZIDAE) IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA RIVER BASIN. Zoologichesky Zhurnal. 2013;92(5):553-561.A parasitoid complex of fifteen Agromyzidae species (Agromyza nana Meigen, Aulagromyza populi (Kalt.), Amauromyza sp. n. aff. insularis, Calycomyza humeralis (von Roser), Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau), Liriomyza eupatoriana Spencer, L. demeijerei Hering, L. dracunculi Hering, L. strigata (Meigen), L. soror Hendel, L. tanaceti de Meijere, L. taraxaci Hering, Ophiomyia quinta Spencer (first recorded for the Palaearctic Region), Phytomyza petoei Hering and Ph. griffithsi Spencer) reared from 20 host plants were studied. A total of 38 host-parasitoid associations were analyzed, 31 of them were previously unrecorded. During this research, 17 Eulophidae parasitoid species (Cirrospilus viticola (Rondani), Chrysocharis pubicornis (Zetter-stedt), Ch. viridis Nees, Ch. crassiscapus (Thomson), Closterocerus tnfasciatus Westwood, Diglyphus crassinervis Erdos, D. chabrias (Walker), D. isaea Walker, D. poppoea Walker, D. pusztensis (Eras, Novicky), Minotetrastichus frontalis (Nees), Neochrysocharis aratus (Walker), N. formosa (Westwood), Pnigalio pectinicornis (Linnaeus), P. soemius (Walker), Pediobius metallicus (Nees) and P. cassidae Erdos)) were found. There are new parasitoid records for the pest species, Ch. horticola, A. nana and Ph. petoei. The number of ectoparasitoid species was 1.25 times greater than that of endoparasitoids in the parasitoid complexes, and the number of reared specimens of ectoparasitoids was 1.7 times greater than that of endoparasitoids. Dominant species of the parasitoid complexes of Agromyzidae were D. isaea (28.4%), Pediobius metallicus (14.5%), N. formosa (13.7%), and Pnigalio soemius (12.7%)