Associations between daily lifestyle characteristics and latent depressive symptoms in elementary school children: A cross-sectional survey

This study aimed to identify associations between daily lifestyle characteristics and latent depressive symptoms in young children by analyzing self-reported questionnaire data. In 2011, in Nagasaki Japan, a cross-sectional survey of 1961 children aged between 10 and 12 years was conducted. Children answered questionnaires that collected demographic information, along with daily lifestyle characteristics, and were administered the Birleson Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children (DSRSC-J). The mean age of the participants was 10.98 years (±0.83 standard deviation [SD]) with a mean DSRSC-J raw score of 11.61 (±6.34 SD). In total, 24.7% of participants reported depressive symptoms. A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that depressive symptoms were associated with female gender (odds ratio [OR]:1.86; 95% CI: 1.48?2.33), experiencing growth (OR: 1.25; 1.07-1.44), a bedtime later than 11 pm (OR: 1.25; 1.01-1.66), skipping breakfast (OR: 1.55; 1.15-2.10), and not having a set dinner time (OR: 1.65; 1.32?2.07). Conversely, absence of depressive symptoms was associated with involvement in school-related athletic clubs (OR: 0.60, 95% Cl: 0.48?0.76) and at home studying for at least one hour per day (OR: 0.67, 95% Cl: 0.54?0.84). Depressive symptoms in young children were associated with social contact and their parent’s lifestyles. Non-experts in the field of mental health who interact with young children should carefully note the presence of factors associated with depressive symptoms as this would help children with latent depressive symptoms receive prompt and timely care

Lifestyle Habits Adjustment for Hypertension and Discontinuation of Antihypertensive Agents

Background: Hypertension is one of lifestyle-related diseases, and prevention and effect of reduction pressure can be expected by non-pharmacological interventions. Authors have continued guidance of adjustment for lifestyle to thousands of hypertensive patients, resulting 4.6%-6.1% case could discontinue hypertensive agents. This study enrolled patients with all necessary related data. Subjects and methods: Subjects were 50 patients with hypertension (M/F: 25/25, age 65.4 ± 8.6 vs. 53.4 ± 6.2 years, BMI 23.4 ± 2.7 vs. 22.3 ± 2.5, respectively), who could discontinued antihypertensive agents. They received consultation and intervention from registered dietitian nutritionists, exercise therapists and nurses. Results: The comparative results on males and females are as follows: smoking habit was 76% vs. 0%, alcohol intake was 60% vs. 0%, diabetes complication was 16% vs. 8%, and hyperlipidemia was 32% vs. 52%, respectively. These cases showed rare to none incidence of cerebral vascular accident (CVA), coronary heart disease (CHD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Consultations in median were 4.0 vs. 4.0 times, median weight reduction was 2.2 kg vs. 1.6 kg and median period withdrawal of the drug was 2.0 years vs. 2.5 years. Discussion and conclusion: When living adjustment is advised, blood pressure decreases due to behavior change. Our results suggest that these cases have less arteriosclerosis development, which enables withdrawal of medicine. It is necessary to carefully observe the progress whether the antihypertensive drug will be unnecessary or will be restarted. Current results obtained would become the fundamental data in the future, and the adjustment for diet and exercise would be useful for more adequate treatment for hypertension

Healing Effects of Irsogladine Maleate on Acetic Acid- induced Oral Stomatitis in 5-Fluorouracil-treated and -untreated Syrian Golden Hamsters

ABSTRACT Oral stomatitis is one of the adverse events induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The healing effects of irsogladine maleate (IM), a therapeutic agent for stomach ulcer, were examined on oral stomatitis with 5-FU. The oral stomatitis model in the cheek pouch were produced by submucosal injection of 25 µL of 10% acetic acid solution in male Syrian golden hamsters anesthetized with pentobarbital 30 mg/kg i.p. on day -2. 5-FU was injected at 60 mg/kg/day i.p. on days -4 and -2. In the IM application group, 0.2 mL of IM solution or vehicle was started from day 0 to the oral mucosa of the cheek pouch. Application of 1.2 mg/mL IM solution significantly reduced the areas of injury in 5-FU-untreated animals. Application of 1.2 mg/mL IM suspension in sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) solution did not reduce the area of oral injury in this model, and no reduction was observed upon p.o. administration of 1.2 and 4.0 mg/mL IM solution. The areas of oral injury in 5-FU-treated animals were significantly larger than those in 5-FU-untreated animals. The period required for the area of oral injury to be reduced to 50% was about 4.9 and 3.9 days in the 5-FU-treated and -untreated animals, respectively. Application of 4.0 mg/mL IM solution significantly reduced the area of injury in the 5-FU-treated animals. In addition, 4.0 mg/mL IM in a solution containing gum ghatti to increase viscosity and retention reduced the area of oral injury significantly. However, p.o. administration of 1.2 or 4.0 mg/mL IM in gum ghatti-containing solution had no reduction effects. These results suggest that application of IM reduces the area of oral injury in acetic acid-induced oral stomatitis developing under both 5-FU-treated and -untreated conditions

Associations between daily lifestyle characteristics and latent depressive symptoms in elementary school children: A cross-sectional survey

This study aimed to identify associations between daily lifestyle characteristics and latent depressive symptoms in young children by analyzing self-reported questionnaire data. In 2011, in Nagasaki Japan, a cross-sectional survey of 1961 children aged between 10 and 12 years was conducted. Children answered questionnaires that collected demographic information, along with daily lifestyle characteristics, and were administered the Birleson Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children (DSRSC-J). The mean age of the participants was 10.98 years (±0.83 standard deviation [SD]) with a mean DSRSC-J raw score of 11.61 (±6.34 SD). In total, 24.7% of participants reported depressive symptoms. A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that depressive symptoms were associated with female gender (odds ratio [OR]:1.86; 95% CI: 1.48–2.33), experiencing growth (OR: 1.25; 1.07-1.44), a bedtime later than 11 pm (OR: 1.25; 1.01-1.66), skipping breakfast (OR: 1.55; 1.15-2.10), and not having a set dinner time (OR: 1.65; 1.32–2.07). Conversely, absence of depressive symptoms was associated with involvement in school-related athletic clubs (OR: 0.60, 95% Cl: 0.48–0.76) and at home studying for at least one hour per day (OR: 0.67, 95% Cl: 0.54–0.84). Depressive symptoms in young children were associated with social contact and their parent’s lifestyles. Non-experts in the field of mental health who interact with young children should carefully note the presence of factors associated with depressive symptoms as this would help children with latent depressive symptoms receive prompt and timely care