マウス血管平滑筋細胞増殖・遊走のin vivo、in vitroにおけるシステイニルロイコトリエンの役割についての検討

[cat] Aquest article pretén analitzar la transformació educativa del CEIP Can Misses, tot fent referència a aquells aspectes més transcendentals que l’anàlisi de les polítiques internacionals ha posat en evidència que són necessaris per a la sostenibilitat de les millores, i acaba fent una proposta basada en la pròpia experiència del centre, i sense abandonar dita relació amb l’anàlisi de diferents països, de quines són les passes a seguir per donar-li continuïtat i fer-la sostenible en l’àmbit de centre, de xarxa i de l’administració.[spa] Este artículo pretende analizar la transformación educativa del CEIP Can Misses, haciendo referencia a aquellos aspectos más trascendentales que el análisis de las políticas internacionales ha puesto en evidencia como necesarios para la sostenibilidad de las mejoras, y termina haciendo una propuesta basada en la propia experiencia del centro, y sin abandonar dicha relación con el análisis de diferentes países, de cuáles son los pasos a seguir para darle continuidad y hacerla sostenible en el ámbito de centro, de red y de la administración

Pain and removal force associated with bracket debonding: a clinical study

Objective: Pain is a problem during bracket removal, and more comfortable treatment is needed. This study examined the association of pain with the removal force required for ceramic brackets, compared with metal and plastic brackets, to determine which removal method resulted in less pain and discomfort. Methodology: 81 subjects (mean age, 25.1 years; 25 males and 56 females) were enrolled, from whom 1,235 brackets (407 ceramic, 432 plastic, and 396 metal) were removed. Measured teeth were distinguished at six segments. Pain was measured with a visual analogue scale (VAS) during the removal of each bracket. An additional grip was placed on the grips of debonding pliers with right-angled beaks; a mini loading cell sensor pinched by the grips was used to measure removal force during debonding. VAS and force values were statistically analyzed. The Kruskal–Wallis test followed by the Mann–Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction were performed for multiple comparisons; multiple regression analysis was also performed. Results: Forces in the upper and lower anterior segments were significantly smaller (p<0.05) than those in the other segments. Pain tended to be greater in the upper and lower anterior segments than in the posterior segments. In all segments, the removal force was greater for metal brackets than for plastic or ceramic brackets. Ceramic brackets caused significantly greater pain than plastic brackets for the upper and lower anterior segments. Debonding force was involved in the brackets, following adjustments for pain, upper left segment, age, and sex. Conclusions: Pain and discomfort are likely to occur during bracket debonding