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Image-based modelling of shelly carbonate sand for foundation design of offshore structures
For the most part, carbonate soils are of biogenic origin comprising skeleton bodies and shells of small organisms, the shelly carbonate sands. Owing to the complex microstructure of these soils, there are many uncertainties related to their mechanical behavior, in particular, regarding their high compressibility. Aside from obvious safety concerns, the inability to predict the behavior of carbonate sands involves extensive remedial measures and leads invariably to severe time delays and increased construction costs. This study makes use of 3D images of the internal structure of a shelly carbonate sand under compression on a small oedometer placed inside an x-ray scanner. The images are first used to gain insights into the grain-scale properties of the material and then the soil microstructure is virtualized and simulated within a framework of combined discrete–finite-element method. This study contributes towards a better understand the grain-scale phenomena shaping the macro response of shelly carbonate sands, which differs considerably from more commonly studied silica sands of terrigeneous origin
Diagnostic value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in various lung diseases
Current status and clinical applicability of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration
Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for lung cancer staging: early experience in Brazil,
How should performance in EBUS mediastinal staging in lung cancer be measured?
There has been a paradigm shift in mediastinal staging algorithms in non-small cell lung cancer over the last decade in the United Kingdom (UK). This has seen endoscopic nodal staging (predominantly endobronchial ultrasound, EBUS) almost replace surgical staging (predominantly mediastinoscopy) as the pathological staging procedure of first choic
Pain in platin-induced neuropathies: A systematic review and meta-analysis
INTRODUCTION: Platin-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) is a common cause of PN in cancer patients. The aim of this paper is to systematically review the current literature regarding PIPN, with a particular focus on epidemiological and clinical characteristics of painful PIPN, and to discuss relevant management strategies. METHODS: A systematic computer-based literature search was conducted on the PubMed database. RESULTS: This search strategy resulted in the identification of 353 articles. After the eligibility assessment, 282 articles were excluded. An additional 24 papers were identified by scanning the reference lists. In total, 95 papers met the inclusion criteria and were used for this review. The prevalence of neuropathic symptoms due to acute toxicity of oxaliplatin was estimated at 84.6%, whereas PN established after chemotherapy with platins was estimated at 74.9%. Specifically regarding pain, the reported prevalence of pain due to acute toxicity of oxaliplatin was estimated at 55.6%, whereas the reported prevalence of chronic peripheral neuropathic pain in PIPN was estimated at 49.2%. CONCLUSION: Peripheral neuropathy is a common complication in patients receiving platins and can be particularly painful. There is significant heterogeneity among studies regarding the method for diagnosing peripheral neuropathy. Nerve conduction studies are the gold standard and should be performed in patients receiving platins and complaining of neuropathic symptoms post-treatment
Re-biopsy by endobronchial ultrasound procedures for mutation analysis of non-small cell lung cancer after EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment
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