Prevalence and distribution of selected dental anomalies among saudi children in Abha, Saudi Arabia

Dental anomalies are not an unusual finding in routine dental examination. The effect of dental anomalies can lead to functional, esthetic and occlusal problems. The Purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence and distribution of selected developmental dental anomalies in Saudi children. The study was based on clinical examination and Panoramic radiographs of children who visited the Pediatric dentistry clinics at King Khalid University College of Dentistry, Saudi Arabia. These patients were examined for dental anomalies in size, shape, number, structure and position. Data collected were entered and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences version. Of the 1252 children (638 Boys, 614 girls) examined, 318 subjects (25.39%) presented with selected dental anomalies. The distribution by gender was 175 boys (27.42%) and 143 girls (23.28%). On intergroup comparison, number anomalies was the most common anomaly with Hypodontia (9.7%) being the most common anomaly in Saudi children, followed by hyperdontia (3.5%). The Prevalence of size anomalies were Microdontia (2.6%) and Macrodontia (1.8%). The prevalence of Shape anomalies were Talon cusp (1.4%), Taurodontism (1.4%), Fusion (0.8%).The prevalence of Positional anomalies were Ectopic eruption (2.3%) and Rotation (0.4%). The prevalence of structural anomalies were Amelogenesis imperfecta (0.3%) Dentinogenesis imperfecta (0.1%). A significant number of children had dental anomaly with Hypodontia being the most common anomaly and Dentinogenesis imperfecta being the rare anomaly in the study. Early detection and management of these anomalies can avoid potential orthodontic and esthetic problems in a child

Decision Support Markets: An Innovative Business Intelligence Tools

The spirit of business intelligence lies at the heart of information markets. This paper advocates the use of information markets as business intelligence tools for decision support. It highlights the market promising potentials, and the business need for collective intelligence in decision making. Market forecasts can reduce uncertainty surrounding business decisions and improve the quality of input into the decision making process, and thus allow managers to make better informed decisions. Further, this paper presents a heuristic for traders’ forecasts of events probabilities. This heuristic extracts additional information from market transactions by incorporating posted, but not yet executed trades. Utilizing pending transactions is hypothesized to generate a more accurate representation of traders’ beliefs than other commonly used measures. It might also boost decision makers’ confidence in the market forecasts, and as a result, encourages them to embrace it, and make the best out of this invaluable tool

Exposure of gasoline station workers to leaded gasoline in the Gaza Strip: Awareness and self reported symptoms.

Awareness and self reported symptoms among 105 gasoline station workers in the Gaza Strip were assessed. A cross section of workers was asked to fill in a questionnaire. Workers reported high level of knowledge on health effects of leaded gasoline 88 (83.8%) and lead as an environmental pollutant 89 (84.8%). Protective measures were poorly used. Knowledge seems not to have much influence on practice. The most common self reported symptoms were neurological symptoms including headache 78 (74.3%), fatigue 74 (70.5%), irritability 66 (62.9%), concentration difficulties 65 (61.9%), and sleep disturbance 55 (52.4%). The prevalence of symptoms increased with increasing years of work (χ2 corrected= 7.713, P= 0.021). Use of respiratory mask in particular can potentially limit such symptoms (χ2 corrected= 8.325, P= 0.004)

The Effect of Cutting Height on Forage Yield and Performance of Alfalfa Cultivars

Six exotic alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars were evaluated for their forage yield performance and persistency under different cuttings heights during 1991/1992 in UAE. Cultivars revealed a highly significant difference throughout cuts except for the third and fifth cut where they were significant and the ninth cut where they were not significant. There was a highly significant difference between cutting heights for all cuts. However, there was no significant cultivar/cutting height interaction. The best cutting height for all cultivars was 6 cm above ground level followed by 3 cm. Increasing cutting height to 9 cm significantly reduced yield per unit area. Cutting at ground level had the highest yield for the first cut but it damaged the crown, cut new shoots and decreased persistency. The best performing cultivar under Emirates condition was Cuf 101 followed by Condura 73.تم تقييم ستة أصناف مستوردة من علف البرسيم (الجت ) لمعرفة الإنتاجية واستمرارية النمو تحت مستوى قطع (جز) مختلف وذلك في عامي ,1991م و 1992م بدولة الأمارات العربية المتحدة . أوضحت الدراسة تباين النتائج بين الأصناف حيث أعطت معظم القطعات فروقات معنوية عدا القطعة التاسعة والأخيرة . كما كانت الفروقات معنويه في مستويات القطع إلا أن التداخل بين الأصناف ومستوى القطع لم يكن معنوياً . وقد وجد أن قطع البرسيم عند ارتفاع ستة سنتيمترات فوق سطح الأرض هو الأفضل يليه القطع عند ثلاثة سنتيمترات . وقد قل الإنتاج في وحدة المساحة عند ارتفاع القطع لتسعة سنتيمترات. أما القطع عند مستوى الأرض فقد أعطى أعلى إنتاجية للقطعة الأولى إلا أن الإنتاج قد قل كثيراً للقطعات التالية بسبب تأثر منطقة التاج مما أثر على فترة بقاء المحصول وقد كان صنف كفء 101 هو الأحسن تحت ظروف دولة الأمارات يليه الصنف كوندورا- 73

Effect of Teacher Attitudes on Academic Performance of Pupils in Public Primary Schools in Hargeisa District

Teacher attitude is a pertinent determinant that involves sincere sensitivity to the desire of students and the overall willingness to participate in classroom responsibility.This study delved into the effect of teacher attitudes on pupils' academic performance (AP) in public primary schools in Hargeisa, Somaliland, with the main purpose of enhancing quality of education in Somaliland. The study was fueled by the fact that Somaliland's educational standards had declined, which had been linked to teachers' attitudes. The rising number of Somaliland National Exams (SLNECB) exam failures reflected the decline in academic performance. Despite an increase in failure, as shown by Somaliland's national exam results, the effect of teacher attitudes on student performance had not examined. Employed cross-sectional research design, data was obtained using a questionnaire from a stratified random sample technique of teachers in Hargeisa public primary schools, and document analysis and was analyzed using ANOVA One Way. The study found out that teacher attitudes significantly affect on students' academic performance in Hargeisa district public primary schools. Keywords: Academic performance, teacher attitudes, Somaliland National Exams, public primary schools DOI: 10.7176/JEP/12-15-08 Publication date:May 31st 202

Physico-Chemical Changes In Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum Var. Yellow Cane) And The Extracted Juice During Development, Maturation And Postharvest Treatments Upon Storage

A study was conducted to determine the physico-chemical changes between different portions (top, middle, and bottom) of sugarcane at different maturity stages (between 3 and 10 months from planting). The variety used was Saccharum officinarum var. Yellow cane. The parameters analysed were weight, diameter, yield, total colour of juice, total soluble solids (TSS), pH, titratable acidity, sugar content (sucrose, glucose, fructose), tannin, chlorophyll and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity. The weight, diameter, total soluble solids (TSS) and sucrose content increased significantly (P<O.01 ) for sugarcane from all portions (top, middle and bottom) until the end of maturity stage. On the other hand, titratable acidity (TA) values, pH, juice yield, glucose, fructose contents, tannin, chlorophyll and PPO decreased significantly (P<O.0 1 ) during maturity. Significant differences were also detected in all the parameters between the different portions during maturity. Results obtained indicated that there were significant decreases (P<0.01) in tannin and chlorophyll contents during maturity

Participative Villager Empowerment for Socio-Economic Development

Development approaches that allows for greater participation of the rural poor and that are sustainable in nature have long been examined, tested and further researched. In Malaysia, such a project approach has been tested in four villages with a focus on empowering village communities with social and technical skills. A consultative stance is adopted by the development agents who encouraged the villagers to decide on their own courses of action. In the project villages, socio-economic activities ranging from educational to agricultural and livestock components were successful. The positive results indicated that the poor can be empowered to develop their own ideas through human resource development and participatory approach. Project activities initiated in this manner were found to more sustainable

Influence of maternal age on intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome and global deoxyribonucleic acid methylation in women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle

Background: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection needs sufficient oocytes of high quality in order to increase the rate of fertilization and pregnancy. This study was designed to investigate the influence of maternal age on the ICSI outcomes in women undergoing to first ICSI cycle and to evaluate the influence of maternal age on global DNA methylation.Methods: A total of 242 females were included in this study with a mean age of 30.5±7.3 years. The participants were divided into three groups depending on women's age≤25, N=70; 26-35, N=102 and>35, N=70). The genomic DNA was isolated from the blood samples, then the global DNA methylation was evaluated using ELISA.Results: A significant reduction has been found in the level of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), total number of the collected oocyte, mature oocytes, fertilized oocytes and number of embryos transferred in the older females compared to the younger group (p<0.001). While a significant increase has been found in global DNA methylation level in the older females compared to the younger group (p<0.001). A positive significant correlation has been found between global DNA methylation level and maternal age (p<0.001). In contrast, a negative significant correlation has been shown between AMH level, mature oocytes and maternal age (p<0.001).Conclusions: Maternal age has a significant influence on the number of mature oocytes, number of embryos transferred and global DNA methylation. The pregnancy chance is more in the age group less than 35 years